ISSUE - USE OF MATERIAL IN TRUE EXPRESSION (STEEL)

INTEGRATED “BUS TERMINAL-CUMCOMMERCIAL COMPLEX” AT MOHALI

THESIS REPORT 2010 – 11‟…

THESIS BY – GAURAV KUMAR,

FACULTY OF ARCHITECTURE, GBTU, LUCKNOW
CERTIFICATE

FACULTY OF ARCHITECTURE, GBTU

tagore marg, lucknow-226007

This is to certify that this thesis entitled

INTEGRATED” BUS TERMINAL CUM COMMERCIAL COMPLEX AT MOHALI ”is the

bonfire work of Gaurav kumar & submitted by him in partial fulfillment of the
requirements for the award of the Bachelor’s Degree in Architecture.

RECOMMENDED

ACCEPTED

(Thesis Advisor)

(Principal)

Thesis Examined (External Examiners)

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my faculty members, for his

concern, support and guidance throughout my thesis. He sorted out all my problems
and queries and gave valuable suggestions to benefit my project.

I would like to take this opportunity to thank Proff. Mukul Singh, thesis
coordinator and for approving my thesis and fulfilling the official formalities for
the same.

I would also like to thank my jury members for their valuable criticism during the
internal juries, which helped a lot in the completion of this thesis.
DEDICATED TO “MY IDEAL FATHER”
AND

“ GOOGLE ”
FOR THEIR ENCOURAGEMENT AND MORAL SUPPORT
TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION AIMS AND OBJECTIVES METHODOLOGY SCOPE AND
LIMITATIONS ISSUE USE OF MATERIAL IN TRUE EXPRESSION i.e. (STEEL) CLIENT BRIEF,
SITE STUDY & ANALYSIS LOCATION ANALYSIS SURROUNDINGS & APPROACH VEGETATION,
SERVICES, TOPOGRAPHY & CLIMATE, ETC CASE STUDY ISBT KASHMERE GATE, DELHI ISBT
SEC17, CHANDIGARH ANSAL PLAZA, DELHI LIT STUDY SUPER BUS TERMINAL, JALANDHAR
INFERENCES STANDARDS TURNING CIRCUIT BUS BAY AREA BUS & CAR PARKING ………… ………… 39 40
- 41 ………… 35 - 38 ………… 14 - 34 ………… 7 - 13 ………… 3-6 ………… 1-2
HIRED MODE PARKING AREA ANALYSIS REQUIREMENTS AREA CALCULATION TRAFFIC FLOW
ANALYSIS FLOW CHART EVOLUTION OF IDEA, CONCEPT & SKETCHES CONCEPT ZONING SKETCHES
WORKING MODELS DRAWING & DETAILS LAYOUT PLAN FLOOR PLANS ELEVATIONS SECTIONS 3 – D
VIEWS & DETAILS………………………………….. ELECTIVES FIRE FIGHTING WORKING DRAWING BIBLIOGRAPHY
………… ………… ………… 56 - 58 ………… 49 - 55 ………… ………… 45 46 - 47 42 - 44

………… ………… 48
INTRODUCTION
Multiuse space concept Aim Objective Methodology Scope Limitation
1 INTRODUCTION……….
TRANSPORTATION IS ONE OF THE MOST IMPORTANT REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AID OF
COMMUNICATION FROM ONE PLACE TO OTHER FOR VISITING PURPOSE OR IN THE SENSE OF
TOURISM. A NUMBER OF FACTORS LIKE THE CONVENIENCE FROM ONE PLACE TO THE OTHER,
PROMOTION OF TOURISM, FOR COMMUNICATION BETWEEN PLACES ETC. HAVE PREDICTED THE
IMPORTANCE OF PLANNING SUCH AS ROADWAYS INDUSTRIES IN THE ASSENSE OF BUS TERMINALS.
TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM IMPROVES THE SOCIAL, ECONOMIC, INDUSTRIAL AND COMMERCIAL
PROGRESS AND FURTHER TRANSFORMS THE SOCIETY INTO AN ORGANIZED ONE. IT IS ONE OF THE
ESSENTIAL SERVICES, VITAL FORCE FOR DETERMINING THE DIRECTION OF DEVELOPMENT. TO
ACHIEVE THE DESIRED TRANSPORTATION BALANCE AND FOR THE SYSTEM TO BE EFFICIENT, IT
IS ESSENTIAL TO PROVIDE ORGANIZED FACILITIES IN THE SYSTEM. AS TRANSPORTATION IS
CONCERNED WITH THE MOVEMENT BETWEEN ORIGIN AND DESTINATION INVOLVES THE MOVEMENT OF
PEOPLE AND GOODS, THERE IS NEED FOR AN ACCESS POINT IN THE SYSTEM FOR USE.
“MULTIUSE SPACE CONCEPT” EFFICIENT USE OF SPACE FOR ENTERTAINMENT, SHOPPING &
RELATED ACTIVITY, CONCEPT OF PLANNING OF DIFFERENT ACTIVITY EVOLUTION OF COMMERCIAL
COMPLEX i.e. ANCIENT AGORA & MEDIEVAL PLAZA OF EUROPEAN CITIES INDIAN CONTEXT –
INDIAN BAZZARS DAILY SHOPPING AT TERMINAL ITSELF RATHER THAN GOING TO MARKET PLACES
AND THUS SAVE TIME. AIM TO ACHIEVE DESIGN EXCELLENCE AND TO COME UP WITH A
PROTOTYPE DESIGN FOR A BUS TERMINAL FOR FUTURE AND URBAN SCENARIO WHERE SPACE WILL
BECOME PRECIOUS COMMODITY & HIGH BUS TRIP WILL HAVE TO SUPPORT FROM SMALL
SITE.FURTHER TO SAVE SPACE COMMERCIAL ACTIVITIES WILL BE INCORPORATE WITH BUS
TERMINAL AND GIVE TO MOHALI A MISSING LANDMARK BUILDING. OBJECTIVE – PROVIDE AN
ARCHITECTURE SOLUTION FOR INTEGRATING THE TERMINAL WITH COMMERCIAL COMPLEX.
2
ARCHITECTURE CONSIDERATION TRANSPORTATION REGULATION ECONOMIC STANDARD

TO PROVIDE FAST & UNDERSTANDING FLOW OF TRAFFIC. TO PROVIDE CLEAR SEGREGATION OF

DIFFERENT TYPE OF TRAFFIC, NO CONGESTION AT PEAK HOUR. TO PROVIDE OPTIMUM
CONNECTIONS BETWEEN ALL ELEMENTS AND SPACES, I.E. CLEAR CONNECTION OF FUNCTIONS. TO
INCORPORATE TODAY’S COMMUNICATION SYSTEM, SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM ETC. IN TO DESIGN
METHODOLOGY

UNDERSTANDING BASIC NEED OF DESIGN, ITS SCOPE & LIMITATION NECESSARY DATA COLLECTED
&ANALYSIS SITE ANALYSIS STUDY OF SPATIAL REQUIREMENT CASE STUDY STDUY OF SPATIAL
INTERRELATIONSHIP LIT STUDY STUDY OF SPATIAL ORGANIZATION STUDY FLOW CIRCULATION OF
PEOPLE & SERVICE COMARATIVE ANLYSIS FRAMING REQUIREMENT EVOLUTION OF DESIGN CONCEPT
BUILDING OF CONCEPT & DESIGN FINAL DESIGN SOLUTION

SCOPE & LIMITATION FRAMING REQUIREMENT FOR A MAX NOS. OF PASSENGER PER DAY IN BOTH
DIRECTIONS STUDYING THE VARIOUS TECHNOLOGICAL ADVANCEMENT IN THE FIELD OF
SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM, COMMUNICATION SYSTEM, FIRE FIGHTING SYSTEM, ETC.
ISSUE OR THRUST AREA
Use of material in true expression (Steel) Lit study - Pompidou center
3 ISSUE OR THRUST AREA USE OF MATERIAL IN TRUE EXPRESSION (STEEL)

• • •

FROM FURNITURE TO RAILWAYS, CONSTRUCTION TO FARMING, ARCHITECTURE COINS TO

AEROSPACE... STEEL IS EVERYWHERE. WHEN STAINLESS STEEL WAS ACCIDENTALLY DISCOVERED
BY AN ENGLISH METALLURGIST, HARRY REARLEY, IN AUGUST 1913,

TO AUTOMOBILES, SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS TO RAZOR BLADES,

NO ONE COULD HAVE THOUGHT THAT IT WOULD SO QUICKLY BECOME THE MATERIAL OF THE
MODERN PROGRESSIVE WORLD IN SUCH A SHORT TIME. BUT IT DID. • • • TO ADD A HIGH
PROPORTION OF CHROMIUM - KNOWN TO HAVE A HIGH MELTING POINT- TO SEE IF IT WOULD
INCREASE THE STAINLESS STEEL IS AN IRON ALLOY WHICH CONTAINS A MINIMUM OF 11 PER
CENT CHROMIUM BESIDES SOME OTHER STAINLESS STEEL IS ATTRACTIVE BECAUSE OF ITS
RESISTANCE TO EROSION AND CORROSION; IT IS LIGHTWEIGHT WITHOUT RESISTANCE TO SUCH
HIGH TEMPERATURE EROSION. ADDITIVES LIKE NICKEL, MOLYBDENUM, TITANIUM, ALUMINIUM
AND COPPER. COMPROMISING STRENGTH. MOREOVER, IT IS HEAT RESISTANT, DURABLE, IMPACT
RESISTANT, LOW MAINTENANCE, FLEXIBLE, HAS A LOW LIFE-CYCLE COST AND AN AESTHETIC
APPEARANCE.
4
• THE USES OF STEEL ARE DIVERSE AND PLENTY

THIS

METAL'S

AMAZING QUALITY OF BEING CORROSION RESISTANT IS DUE TO THE ADDITION OF CHROMIUM,

WHICH FORMS A NATURAL OXIDE FILM ON ITS SURFACE. THIS PASSIVE FILM IS THINNER THAN
A STRAND OF HAIR. • • THIS THIN ADHERING FILM IS IMPERVIOUS TO AIR AND WATER AND
ACTS AS A PROTECTIVE LAYER WHICH IMMEDIATELY WHILE WE TAKE THE ROLE OF STAINLESS
STEEL IN OUR DAILY LIVES FOR GRANTED, A HEARTENING FACT IS THAT THIS IS A 100 PER
REPAIRS ITSELF IF THE SURFACE IS DAMAGED, THUS PREVENTING CORROSION. THIS
PHENOMENON IS CALLED 'PASSIVATION'. CENT RECYCLABLE MATERIAL. THE MAIN SOURCE OF
RAW MATERIAL FOR STAINLESS STEEL IS RECYCLED METAL. OVER 50 PER CENT OF
5
NEW STAINLESS STEEL IS PRODUCED FROM RECYCLED SCRAP. THIS MEANS THAT THE NEW
STAINLESS STEEL PRODUCT YOU BUY HAS BEEN PART OF A USEFUL PRODUCT IN THE SAME METAL
IN AN EARLIER LIFE.THOUGH IT IS RECYCLED AS MUCH AS POSSIBLE, • • • STAINLESS STEEL
HAS FOUR BROAD CATEGORIES: MARTENSITIC, FERRITIC, AUSTENITIC AND DUPLEX. AUSTENITIC
STAINLESS STEEL IS THE MOST WIDELY USED VARIETY BECAUSE OF ITS GOOD HIGH AND LOW
TEMPERATURE PROPERTIES AND BECAUSE IT IS NON MAGNETIC.
6
CLIENT BRIEF & SITE ANALYSIS
Client brief, Location analysis Surroundings Approach Site description
Vegetation, services, topography & climate ETC
7 CLENT BRIEF
PUNJAB INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT BOARD, (PIDB) HAS PROPOSED TO DEVELOP MODERN
FULLY AIR-CONDITIONED BUS TERMINALS ACROSS MOHALI. FACILITIES SUCH AS SHOPPING
MALLS, OFFICE COMPLEX, FOOD COURTS, ETC. FURTHERMORE, HAS PROPOSED TO REVAMP.
GREATER MOHALI AREA DEVELOPMENT

AUTHORITY & DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORT, GOP AND THE PRIVATE SECTOR PLAYER (PSP)
INTRODUCTION TO REGION CHANDIGARH, THE CAPITAL OF HARYANA AND PUNJAB, IS CONSIDERED
AS ONE OF THE MOST WELL PLANNED CITIES IN INDIA. THE CITY WAS CONCEIVED BY THE
FAMOUS FRENCH ARCHITECT, LE CORBUSIER IN 1953, OWING TO ITS DEVELOPED SOCIAL
INFRASTRUCTURE AND HIGHER QUALITY OF LIFE LEADING THE REAL ESTATE GROWTH TOWARDS
THE ADJOINING REGIONS (SUCH AS MOHALI, PANCHKULA, ETC.) WITH AMPLE AVAILABILITY OF
LAND.
8
18TH DISTRICT OF PUNJAB 13.04.06. EXTENSION OF ‘CITY BEAUTIFUL – CHANDIGARH’
MOHALI, ALSO KNOWN AS SAS NAGAR (SAHIBZADA AJIT SINGH NAGAR), IS AN EXTENDED
CONURBATION OF CHANDIGARH, TOWARDS ITS SOUTHWEST, IN PUNJAB & KNOWN AS AN ORGANIC
EXTENSION TO CHANDIGARH SHARES SIMILAR DEMOGRAPHICS AS THE UNION TERRITORY DURING
INCEPTION, CHANDIGARH CITY WAS PLANNED TO HOUSE A POPULATION OF APPROX. 150,000
ACROSS 30 LOW DENSITY SECTORS. HOWEVER, WITH ITS GROWING PROMINENCE, ITS POPULATION
EXPONENTIALLY INCREASED AND THUS THE CITY EXPANDED BY ADDITIONAL 17 SECTORS CAPABLE
OF HOUSING AN ADDITIONAL 350,000 PEOPLE. AS OF DATE, CHANDIGARH ALSO SHARES PARTS
OF SECTORS 48 TO 56, 61 AND 63 WITH MOHALI. COMMERCIAL OFFICE SEGMENT ACTIVITY IN
THE CITY HAS BEEN LIMITED TO OFFICES OF INSURANCE COMPANIES, BANKS, REGIONAL
OFFICES, SALES DISTRIBUTION CENTERS, REAL ESTATE DEVELOPERS, ETC. THE OFFICE
ACTIVITY PRIMARILY HAS BEEN ESTABLISHED IN THE SECTOR MARKETS WHICH ARE NON
INVESTMENT GRADE IN NATURE, AND OFFER SCO …………………. (SHOP CUM OFFICE) FORMAT OF
DEVELOPMENT MIX WITH TRANSPORT…………………..….NEED FOR NEW BUS TERMINAL & COMMERCIAL
COMPLEX, PRESENT BUS TERMINAL 62 SECTOR. EXTRA PRESSURE ON ISBT 43, DESIGN-BUILD-
OPERATE-TRANSFERS (DBOT) PROPOSED BUS TERMINAL WOULD MAINLY BE A TRANSIT BUS
TERMINAL FOR NORTHERN PUNJAB, HIMACHAL AND J&K BUSES POTENTIAL BUS TRIPS / DAY
~1938
9 LOCATION ANALYSIS/SPATIAL SPREAD
THE SUBJECT SITE IS STRATEGICALLY LOCATED AT VERKA CHOWK, AT THE BEGINNING OF THE
CHANDIGARH -KHARAR ROAD (NH 21) WITH SUPERIOR ACCESS FROM CHANDIGARH AND MOHALI.
THE SITE IS SURROUNDED BY THE INDUSTRIAL AREA OF MOHALI, WHICH HOUSES PROMINENT
BUSINESS ESTABLISHMENTS SUCH AS RANBAXY, DELL, VERKA, ETC. CHANDIGARH - KHARAR ROAD
ALSO PROVIDES DIRECT ACCESS BETWEEN CHANDIGARH AND OTHER IMPORTANT CITIES IN THE
NEIGHBOURING STATES OF PUNJAB, HARYANA AND HIMACHAL PRADESH. THIS HAS RESULTED IN
HIGH INTER-STATE TRAFFIC ALONG THE NATIONAL HIGHWAY - 21, RESULTING IN IDEAL
POSITIONING FOR A TRANSIT BUS TERMINAL ALONG WITH A COMMERCIAL COMPLEX AT THE
SUBJECT SITE. SWOT ANALYSIS
STRENGTH
FRONTAGE ON ALL THREE SIDES PROVIDES THE SUBJECT SITE WITH MULTIPLE ACCESS
PROXIMITY ESTABLISHED OF MOHALI TO CHANDIGARH TO AND

WEAKNESS
SUBJECT SITE IS LOCATED WITHIN THE PRECINCTS OF THE MOHALI INDUSTRIAL AREA WHICH
MAY NEGATIVELY AFFECT

RESIDENTIAL EXPECTED

CATCHMENTS ENHANCE

SUBJECT SITE IMAGE

OPPORTUNITY
SUBJECT SITE LIES ON AN EMERGING GROWTH VECTOR. DIRECT CONNECTIVITY TO MOHALI

THREATS
UPCOMING SUPPLY IN ALL REALSTTE COMPONENTS IN TOWNSHIP ALONG THE CHANDIGARH –
KHARAR ROAD WIIL ACT AS POSSIBLE FUTURE COMPETION TO SUBJECT DEVELOPMENT

AIRPORT PROPOSED FOR UP GRADATION, FROM A 4-LANE TO A 6-LANE WIDE ROAD

10 0
SITE DESCRIPTION

11 0

SITE ANALYSIS SITE ANALYSIS REGIONAL /URBAN CONTEXT REGIONAL LINKAGE I.E. ROAD
CONNECTION CITY LEVEL FACILITIES & AMENITIES LAND USE, DEVELOPMENT CONTROLS AND
BYLAWS ANALYSIS OF DATA COLLECTED LOCATION TOPOGRAPHICAL DATA CLIMATOLOGICALLY DATA
SITE SURROUNDING

SITE DETAILS
SITE AREA – 7.02 ACRES (28439.4711 SQ. M)
PERMITTED GROUND COVERAGE 40 % = 11375.78 SQ.M & FAR = 1:3, PARKING NOT INCLUDED IN
FAR TOTAL BUILT UP AREA = 3 X 28439.47 SQ.M =85318.41 SQ.M HEIGHT MAX 145MTS, SITE
LIES IN THE 8TH RING FROM THE AIRPORT &SUBJECT AUTHORITY. PARKING FOR COMMERCIAL 3
ECS PER 100 SQ MTRS COVERED AREA ON THE FLOORS 2ECS PER100 SQ.MTS FOR SHOPPING 1.5
ECS PER 100 SQ.MTS OF OFFICE TOPOGRAPHY – SLOPE OF THE SITE AND WATER DRAIN TOWARDS
THE ROAD AND MORE FLAT LAND. VEGETATION – FEW OF TREES AT PERIPHERY – CAN BE CUT
PERMISSION FROM AUTHORITY (GMADA, PIDB) GEOLOGY - SOIL TEST CONDUCTED BY GMADA.
SOIL IS FIT FOR THIS TYPE OF CONSTRUCTION WORK. SERVICES - WATER SUPPLY,
ELECTRICITY – CABLE, TELEPHONE LINE RUNNING ALONG THE SITE MECHANICAL VENTILATION
SHALL BE PROVIDED FOR BASEMENT PARKING INFERENCE PRIME LOCATION CREATE INTEREST
FROM ALL SIDES THREE SIDES INTERNAL TRAFFIC SHOULD CAUSES MAX DISTURBANCE
TRIANGULAR SITE LIMIT THE DESIGN TO APPROVAL FROM AIRPORT

12 0
ENVIORNMENTOAL ASPECT SHOULD KEEP IN MIND WHILE DESIGNING I.E. TO REDUCE NOISE &
AIR POLLUTION. CLIMATE DATA

13 0
CASE & LIT STUDY
ISBT, sec-17, Chandigarh ISBT kashmere gate, delhi Super bus terminal, Jalandhar
Ansal plaza, khel gaon marg, delhi
ISBT, SECTOR 17, CHANDIGARH 1950…………………..1956 – 57
THE BUS TERMINAL WAS DEVELOPED TO SERVE AS THE PRIMARY TRANSPORT NODE FOR
CHANDIGARH CITY, SECOND ISBT SEC 43 TO MEET THE GROWING DEMAND 1500 FLEET OF BUSES
COMING FROM OUT STATION

14 0

IT IS LOCATED WITHIN 2-3 MILES FROM THE RAILWAY STATION. SITE IS AT THE CROSSING OF
V3 ROADS. ALONG THERE ARE FOUR SECTORS, THESE ARE 19, 18, 16 & 22. SITE HAS BEEN
APPROACHED BY TWO MAJOR, HIGHWAYS NH-21 TO RUPNAGAR AND NH-22 TO SHIMLA.
15 0
OPERATOR ARCHITECT COMPLETED IN TOTAL AREA OF THE SITE BUILDING STRUCTURE 1.5 LKH
ISBT 17 3.5 LKH SECOND PHASE CHANDIGARH TRANSPORT UNDERTAKING ADITYA PRAKASH 1957
8.5 ACRES (NOW INCREASED TO 10 ACRES) MAX. G + 1 5 LKH INCREASE BEYOND EXPECTION
8.5 LKH ISBT 43

CATERING TO PASSANGER TRAFFICE FROM CHANDIGARH, DELHI AND HARYANA

DETAILED COMPONENTS – MAIN STRUCTURE SOMEWHAT CENTRALLY LOCATED IN THE MAIN

BUILDING WITH CENTRAL WAITING HALL, ALL PASSENGERS AND STAFF FACILITIES ARE LOCATED
AROUND IT IT IS COLUMN AND BEAM STRUCTURE WITH SQUARE GRIDS OF 17’3” X 17’3”.
FAÇADE IS OF EXPOSE BRICKWORK. ALONG THE N- W SIDE, THE BUILDING IS IN THREE LEVELS

DESIGN PRINCIPLESENTRY AND EXIT OF THE INTERSTATE BUSES ARE PROVIDED EXCLUSIVELY
FROM THE BUS LANE. SEPARATE PARKING LOTS FOR-CITY BUSES, PRIVATE VEHICLES,AUTO
RICKSHAW,TA I.CYCLE, RICKSHAW X
SEPARATE ENTRIES FOR THE INTERCITY BUSES. CONCEPT OF CORRIDOR PLANNING. PLAY OF
LIGHT WITH THE USE OF ROOFS AT DIFFERENT LEVELS. SOW TOOTH LOADING PLATFORMS. SCOPE
FOR FUTURE EXPANSION. IT CATERS TO A DAILY OF 3456 BUSES AND HANDLES BUSES FROM 5
STATES &IUT (CHANDIGARH). OPEN COURTYARD HAS BEEN PROVIDED FOR LIGHT AND
VENTILATION OF BUILDING BUT DUE TO LACK OF PROPER MAINTENANCE THE COURTYARD REMAIN
DIRTY. THE RESTAURANT OF FIRST FLOOR NEVER FULLY UTILIZED THE REASON BEING THAT THE
PASSENGER ARE UNABLE TO LOCATE IT AND IF SITTING IN THE RESTAURANT, CANNOT KEEP EYE
ON THE BUSES. AT SOME PLACE, TOILET ARE NOT PROVIDED THE SITTING CAPACITY FOR THE
PASSENGER IS INSUFFICIENT THE LIGHT AND VENTILATION IS QUITE GOOD IN THE BUILDING
EXCEPT THE TOILET WHERE VENTILATION IS PROVIDED BUT DIRECT SUNLIGHT DOES NOT ENTER.

16 0
17 0
18 GROUND FLOOR - WAITING HALL, CANTEEN, LOADING BAYS, TICKET COUNTER, TOILET,
FOOD, AND BOOKSTALL, ENQUIRY OFFICE, 0
CLOAK ROOM ETC. FIRST FLOOR – RAILWAY BOOKING OFFICE, POST OFFICE, POLICE POST,
STATION SUPERVISOR ROOM, TOURIST INFORMATION OFFICE, RESTAURANT, TOURIST REST ROOM,
TOURISM OFFICE OF CHANDIGARH ETC. HAVE BEEN PROVIDED. PARKING LOADING PLATFORM A
TOTAL NO OF 53 LOADING BAYS THE LOADING BAYS ARE STRAIGHT SAW TOOTH TYPE 12’6” WIDE
AND 4” HIGH. COVERED PLATFORM, MANY OF BUS STOPPERS SOMETIMES DURING PEAK HOURS, 2-
3 BUSES STAND ON A SINGLE BAY THUS CREATE CONGESTION UNLOADING PLATFORM NEAR THE
ENTRY POINT DUE TO LACK OF COVERED PLATFORM, ITS UNDERSELL DURING SUMMER AND RAINY
SEASON IDEAL PARKING A TOTAL NO OF 71 BUS PARKING, BAYS ARE PROVIDED OF WHICH 7 ARE
PROVIDED OF WHICH FOR LONG TERM PARKING IDEAL PARKING IS PROVIDED ON THE OPPOSITE
SIDE OF THE LOADING PLATFORM PARKING FOR LOCAL CONVEYANCE BACK SIDE OF TERMINUS,
FROM WHERE THE PEOPLE ENTER THE TERMINAL. 500 SCOOTER & 25- 30 CARS A LARGE SPACE
IN THE BASEMENT IS ALSO PROVIDED ADJACENT TO THE OPEN PARKING FOR PRIVATE VEHICLES
IT HAS A CAPACITY OF 500 SCOOTER & 1500 CYCLES ONLY LIGHT IS THE MAIN PROBLEM IN
THE BASEMENT AS SKYLIGHTS PROVIDED ARE INSUFFICIENT AND ACTS AS VENTILATOR ONLY.
SUBWAY- THE PEDESTRIAN FROM THE SECTOR 22 SIDE GO BY THE UNDERGROUND SUBWAY TO
REACH THE TERMINUS.
ISBT KASHMERE GATE
BACKGROUND ARCHITECT COMPLETED IN SITE AREA V.P. DHAMIJA & RAJINDER KUMAR 1973 11
ACRES

19 0
MODES OF TRANSPORTATION IN THE DEPARTURE BLOCK TWO RAMPS AND TWO STAIRCASES ARE
PROVIDED TO CONNECT MAIN LOUNGE. AN OVER BRIDGE IS ALSO PROVIDED TO CONNECT INTER
STATE TERMINAL BUILDING TO DTC BLOCK. A SUBWAY TO ACCESS DTC BUSES HAS BEEN
PROVIDED, WHICH SEGREGATES THE MOVEMENT OF PASSENGERS USING THE LOCAL AND THE
INTERSTATE BUSES. .

20 0
CIRCULATION • AN EFFICIENT CIRCULATION PATTERN IS FOLLOWED IN THE ISBT. THERE IS
SEGREGATION IN CIRCULATION OF BUSES AND NON - BUS

21 0

(OTHER LIGHT VEHICLES) TRAFFIC DUE TO THE DIFFERENCE IN MOVEMENT CHARACTER. • •

THERE IS A SEPARATE ENTRY AND EXIT POINTS FOR INTER-CITY AND INTRA-CITY BUS
SERVICES. THERE IS A PROPER SEGREGATION FOR VEHICULAR AND PEDESTRIAN MOVEMENT.

DESIGN PRINCIPLES SEGREGATION OF DIFFERENT MODES OF TRANSPORT & ACTIVITIES

SEGREGATION OF ALIGHTING AND BOARDING PLATFORMS SEGREGATION OF INCOMING AND
OUTGOING PASSENGERS AT TWO LEVELS. ARRIVAL BLOCK - IT IS 7 STORIED STRUCTURES
GROUND FLOOR IT IS ARRIVAL BLOCK HAVING 19 UNLOADING PLATFORMS. ANGULAR BAYS ARE
PROVIDED FOR THE UNLOADING OPERATION, CONTROL ROOM, ENQUIRY COUNTERS, TOURIST
INFORMATION COUNTERS THE SPACE IS DULL AND DARK DUE TO INSUFFICIENT NATURAL LIGHT
THERE ARE SUFFICIENT NUMBERS OF PUBLIC AMENITIES PROVIDED IN THIS AREA. THERE ARE
MANY EATING JOINTS BUT NO SMOKE OUTLETS ARE PROVIDED. FIRST FLOOR THE MAIN ENTRANCE
LEVEL OF THE FIRST FLOOR LINKS THE OUTGOING PORCH TO ENTRY LOUNGE AND FACILITIES
LIKE POST OFFICES, ENQUIRY AND BANK ARE PROVIDED AT THIS LEVEL. SECONDTOFOURTHFLOOR
MAINTENANCE AND ADMINISTRATIVE STAFF IS ACCOMMODATED ON THE SECOND FLOOR AND THE
VARIOUS TRANSPORT COMPANY OFFICES AND OTHER TERMINAL STAFF ON THE THIRD AND FOURTH
FLOORS.

22 0

AT FOURTH LEVEL THE ROOF OF THE CORRIDOR HAS BEEN LOWERED DOWN TO ACCOMMODATE THE
SERVICE PIPES FIFTH FLOOR OF UPPER LEVELS.

FIFTH FLOOR WAS DESIGNED TO ACCOMMODATE THE TRANSIT HOTEL FOR OVERNIGHT STAYING
PASSENGERS, BUT NOW THE COMPLETE FLOOR IS USED AS OFFICERS OF DELHI ADMINISTRATION
FOR EARNING REVENUE. SIXTH FLOOR HAS BEEN DESIGNED FOR RESIDENTIAL USE BY FULL TIME
STAFF AND SOME ADMINISTRATIVE STAFF WITH THE FACILITIES OFDOUBLE BED ROOM FLAT AND
SINGLE BEDROOM FLAT. LOUVERS HAVE BEEN PROVIDED FOR BETTER LIVING ACCOMMODATION.
LINK BLOCK IT IS A CONNECTING BLOCK BETWEEN ARRIVAL AND DEPARTURE BLOCK AT FIRST
FLOOR LEVEL. THIS BLOCK WAS DESIGNED FOR TICKET BOOTHS FOR EACH PARKING BERTH. NOW
90% OF THE TICKET BOOTHS PROVIDED HERE IS NOT USED AS THEY HAVE SET UP THEIR
COUNTERS (CURRENT BOOKING) AT DEPARTURE LEVEL. SKY LIGHT HAS BEEN USED TO BRING
NATURAL LIGHT IN THIS AREA. THESE ARE BOTH CIRCULAR AND CONICAL
23 0 SMALL ENQUIRY OFFICES OF DIFFERENT STATE TOURISM AND SMALL SECURITY CELL ARE
PROVIDED IN THE CENTRE AROUND A LARGE DIA
HOLLOW COLUMN WHICH ACT AS THE SKYLIGHT FOR ARRIVAL BLOCK BELOW. THIS BLOCK A LARGE
WAITING AREA TO FACILITATE PASSENGER THE WAITING AREA IN THE LINK BLOCK IS NOT USED
AS MUCH BECAUSE PASSENGER HAVE TENDENCY TO WAIT NEAR THE DEPARTURE PLATFORM OF THE
BUS. THE COUNTER IN THE LINK BLOCK IS ONLY BEING USED FOR ADVANCE RESERVATION
FACILITIES.

SECTION SHOWING ROOFING SYSTEM CIRCULAR CUTOUTS OF SKYLIGHTS 1 M, 2M AND 3 M

DIAMETERS HAVE BEEN USED ABOVE THE WAITING AREA DEPARTURE BLOCK IT IS DIVIDED INTO
TWO LEVELS. THE LOWER ONE FOR THE USE OF OUTGOING PASSENGERS AND BUSES, AND THE
UPPER LEVEL FOR WAITING OUT SEATING PURPOSES. A MEZZANINE IS ALSO PROVIDED TO HOUSE
THE OFFICES AND REST ROOMS OF BUS CREW. THE UPPER LEVEL IS NOT BEING USED TO ITS
FULL EXTEND, HENCE CREATING CONGESTION AT LOWER LEVEL.KIOSKS AND STALLS HAVE BEEN
LOCATED BETWEEN THE BUS BAY AND WAITING AREA AND ATTRACT LOT OF PASSENGERS TO COME.
THIS CROWD CLOCKS THE BUS BAY VIEW FROM WAITING ARE RESULTING IN THE CONGESTION ON
CONCOURSE WHILE THE WAITING AREA REMAINS EMPTY.
24 0

ANGULAR BAYS ARE PROVIDED FOR LOADING PLATFORMS WHICH ARE EFFICIENT FOR LOADING
OPERATIONAND REQUIRE LESS AREA. ANGULAR BAYS ARE PROVIDED FOR LOADING PLATFORM, SO
A. PASSENGER HAS CLEAR APPROACH TO ENTRY DOOR. B. AREA REQUIRED PER VEHICLE IS
LESS. 2. UNLOADING PLATFORMS ARE NOT PROVIDED. 3. THE AREA OF REST ROOM FOR BUS
CREW STAFF IS VERY LESS AND THERE ARE NO TOILET FACILITIES FOR THEM. 4. TOILET
FACILITIES AND WAITING FACILITIES ARE LESS 5. EATING AND DRINKING WATER FACILITIES
ARE SUFFICIENT THE KITCHEN AND RESTAURANT SPACE IN THE DEPARTURE BLOCK IS NOW BEING
USED AS OFFICES OF THE DELHI ADMINISTRATION DUE TO WHICH, MANY UNWANTED PEOPLE COME
TO THIS AREA DISTURBING THE FUNCTIONING OF THE TERMINUS.
25 0

STRUCTURAL SYSTEM THE BUILDING IS A COLUMN BEAM BASED STRUCTURE, USE COFFERED SLAB
TO ACHIEVE LARGE SPAN THERE BY REDUCING THE NUMBER OF COLUMN AND INCREASING THE
FREE SPACE INSIDE. THERMAL COMFORT AND DAYLIGHTING THE ENTIRE BUILDING IS QUITE
COOL IN THE SUMMER BECAUSE IT IS HEAVILY LOUVERED ON ALL SIDES WHICH PREVENT THE
DIRECT SUNLIGHT, PREVENTING DIRECT HEATING OF THE INTERNAL AREAS.THE MASSIVE ROOF
LIGHTS OVER THE DEPARTURE AREA AID IN NATURAL LIGHTING. THE BUILDING BECOMES VERY
CHILLY IN THE WINTERS, SINCE IT IS OPEN ON ALL SIDES, AND THERE IS NO PROTECTION
FROM THE COLD DRAUGHT WHATSOEVER.SINCE THE LOADING AND UNLOADING AREAS ARE
PARTIALLY OR WHOLLY COVERED, THIS LEADS TO A LOT OF THE POLLUTED AIR GETTING
TRAPPED INSIDE THE WAITING AREAS.
AREA ANALYSIS TOTAL BUILT UP FLOOR AREA 3, 36,305 SQFT (7.72 ACRES) AREA OF ARRIVAL
BLOCK AREA OF DEPARTURE BLOCK AREA OF LINK BLOCK AREA OF 1 FLOOR AREA OF
TOILETS/URINALS TICKET COUNTERS 159355 SQFT 103700 SQFT. 54350 SQFT 2.19 ACRES 0.38
ACRES 5SQM 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 PUBLIC FACILITIES
TOILET GENTS- 74 NOS. LADIES- 64 NOS. WATER POINTS PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEM POLICE
POST CLOAK ROOMS ENQUIRY & BOOTH DELUXE TOILETS 75 NOS. 01 NO. 01 NO. 01 NO. 02 NO.
GENTS- 03 NOS. LADIES- 02 NOS. WATER COOLERS DIESEL GENERATOR SET 10 NOS. 02 NOS.

26 0
S. NO SERVICE PROVIDER UP ROADWAYS UTTARAKHAND PUNJAB RAJASTHAN HIMACHAL PRADESH
HARYANA DTC JAMMU & KASHMIR CHANDIGARH TRANSP. CORP. PVT (ON PERMIT BY STA) PVT
(OTHER) OTHERS TOTAL BUSES NUMBER OFBUSES NUMBER OF TRIPS 390 165 123 100 68 647
230 2 33 35 35 23 1851 FOOTFALL 30.9
BUS TRAFFIC SURVEY -

8 9 10 11 12 13 OCCUPANCY

1851

57209

OBSERVED PEAK HOUR FLOW IS 6.4% AT KASHMIRI GATE

27 ANSAL PLAZA AT DELHI, KHEL GAON MARG
ANSAL PLAZA AT DELHI IS AN EXQUISITE SAMPLE OF CONTEMPORARY ARCHITECTURE
BEAUTIFULLY LANDSCAPED WITH GREENERY AND FOUNTAINS. LOCATED AT HUDCO PLACE IN THE
HEART OF DELHI.
28
BACKGROUND LOCATION: SUB LOCATION: DEVELOPER: TOTAL FLOORS ARCHITECT SITE AREA
SOUTH DELHI KHEL GAON MARG ANSAL PROPERTIES & INFRASTRUCTURE. GROUND + 3 FLOORS
JASBIR SAWANAY ASSOCIATES 14000 SQM.    o o o o o  BUILT UP AREA CIRCULATION
CORE AREA OFFICIAL SHOPPING CIRCULATION OFFICIAL SHOWROOM I SHOWROOM II
DEPARTMENTAL STORES (G.F.)  ENTRANCE LOBBIES  FIRE ROOM      RESTAURANT LIFT
LOBBIES TOILET    200 SQ.M. 20 SQ.M. 20 SQ.M. 10000 SQ.M. 6MX8M&7M  CONTROL
14.4 SQ.M.  102 SQ.M.    130 SQ.M. 80 SQ.M. 760 SQ.M.       17760 SQ.M.
3300 SQ.M. 1440 SQ.M. 8265.66 SQ.M. 9495 SQ.M. 1349 SQ.M.

BASEMENT AREA  GRID 

29
ANSAL PLAZA IS SITUATED NEAR THE POSH MARKET AREA OF SOUTH EXTENSION IN SOUTH
DELHI. AN AMPHITHEATER WITH A CENTER STAGE ALONG WITH A 45-FEET HIGH ATRIUM FRENCH
GLASS CURTAIN WALL THAT FILTERS OUT ULTRAVIOLET AND OTHER HARMFUL RADIATIONS THIS
MALL IS CONSIDERED AN ARCHITECTURAL SPLENDOR. IT HAS EMERGED AS A MAJOR LANDMARK.
THE MALL OFFERS A CLIMATE-CONTROLLED ENVIRONMENT THAT REMOVES THE FATIGUE USUALLY
ASSOCIATED WITH SHOPPING, COMPLETE WITH AN AMPHITHEATER, A SHOPPING COMPLEX,
OFFICES, TWIN LEVEL LAYOUT & PLANNING THE BASIC PLANNING IS INTROVERT IN NATURE. IT
CONSISTS OF TWO HALF (C SHAPE) CIRCULAR BLOCKS CONNECTED BY THE BRIDGE AS FOUR
FLOORS ENCLOSING AN AMPHITHEATRE 50M.DIAMETER HAS BEEN CLOSELY LANDSCAPED. THE
INNER PERIPHERY OF THE BLOCKS HAS BEEN GLAZED AND ALONG WITH RUNS THE CORRIDOR SO
THE SHOPPER ALWAYS GETS THE VIEW TOWARDS THE AMPHITHEATRE. THERE IS A JUTTING
BLOCK' FROM ONE BLOCK AND IT HAS THE BIG DEPARTMENTAL STORE—SHOPPER'S STOP THE
JUNCTION OF THE BLOCKS FORMS THE ENTRY OF THE PLAZA. SHOPPER'S STOP HAS GOT ITS OWN
SEPARATE AND IT IS INTERNALLY CONNECTED THROUGH THE ENTRANCE LOBBY OF THE PLAZA.
CORRIDORS RUNNING ALONG INNER PERIPHERY GIVE A CONSTANT VIEW OF THE PLAZA THUS
FORMED. THE COMPLEX IS SURROUNDED BY GUEST HOUSE BLOCKS AND APARTMENTS. ENTRY TO
THE SITE IS COMMON. THERE ARE TWO ACCESSES TO THE SITE, ONE SERVES AS THE ENTRY AND
THE OTHERS ACT AS THE EXIST CONNECTED BY THE BRIDGE HAS GOT THE HELICAL RAMP EXIT
THE BRIDGE IS USED TOTAL AREA OF PARKING IS 9850 SQ.MT. WHICH ALSO INCLUDES THE
OTHER SERVICES LIKE A.C. PLANT GENERATOR ROOMS AND SPACE FOR M.T.N.L. ETC. SERVICE
ENTRY A SERVICE ROAD IS PROVIDED WHICH RUNS ON THE OUTER PERIPHERY OF THE BUILDING.
A RAMP OF THE SLOPE 1:7 HAS BEEN PROVIDED TO HAVE THE ACCESS UP TO THE SERVICE LIFT
TO THE SERVICE ROAD. (FROM THE BACK) ONE SERVICE LIFT HAS BEEN PROVIDED FOR THE
FIRST BUILDING AND ONE FOR THE OTHER BUILDING. ENTRANCE THERE IS ITS OWN ENTRY FOR
THE BIGGER DEPARTMENTAL STORE AND ADJACENT TO THIS IS THE ENTRY FOR THE MALL,
30

Ground floor plan WHICH IS NOT CLEARLY DEFINED, AND SOMEWHAT SUBDUED.

first floor plan

THE ENTRY ATRIUM IS DOUBLE HEIGHT AND HAS ESCALATORS WHICH LAND, AT THE FIRST FLOOR
CORRIDOR. THEN ONWARD VERTICAL MOVEMENT BECAUSE THERE ARE ONLY FOUR FLOORS AS
STAIRS AND LIFT IS PROVIDED. BUT A SHOPPER FINDS ITS. ACTIVITY STRUCTURE THE
COMPLEX HAS FOUR FLOORS HEIGHT ON GROUND FLOORS AND FIRST FLOOR SHOWROOMS HAVE BEEN
PLACED WHILE ON SECOND AND THIRD FLOOR OFFICES HAVE BEEN PROVIDED. THE OFFICIAL
DOESN'T HAVE THE SEGREGATED ENTRY. SO THERE IS INTERMIXING OF THE OFFICIAL AND
SHOPPERS, IT SOME WHAT CREATE CONFUSION AND THUS A PROBLEM TO THE OFFICIALS IN THE
PEAK TIME CIRCULATION PATTERN THE CIRCULATION CORRIDORS ARE CURVING IN NATURE SO
PROVIDES A GOOD VIEW OF THE FOURTH COMING SHOPS.
31
WIDTH OF CORRIDORS GROUND FLOOR FIRST FLOOR AREA 3.6 M. 2.5 M.

8000 SQM. (UNDER RETAIL SHOPPING) 6700 SQM. UNDER OFFICE USE.

SERVICE CORE THE CIRCUMFERENTIAL DISTANCE OF THE CIRCULAR BUILDING IS 125M. SERVICE
CORES HAVE BEEN LOCATED AT RECTANGULAR INTERVALS OF 36M THROUGHOUT THE BUILDING.
THERE ARE THREE SERVICE CORES IN WHICH LIFT, TOILETS, TELEPHONE , ELECTRICAL DUCTS
HAVE BEEN PASSED. THE AREA OF ONE SERVICE CORE ONE FLOOR IS 72 SQ.M. PARKING THE
BASEMENT EXISTS UNDER THE WHOLE COMPLEX. IT IS RESERVED FOR PARKING AND SERVICES.
IT HAS GOT PROVISION FOR 210 CARS AND 400 TWO WHEELER. SEMI BASEMENT 55CARS ………………
BASEMENT 155 CARS

IT HAS A BRIDGE CONNECTING THE ENTRY AND EXIT SERVICES

32
AIR CONDITION & PLANT ROOM THE WHOLE PLAZA IS CENTRALLY AIR-CONDITIONED. THE PLANT
ROOM IS PLACED CENTRALLY IN THE BASEMENT JUST BELOW THE PLAZA SO AS TO CATER THE
TWO BUILDING EQUALITY. THE TONNAGE OF THE PLAZA IS 900 TONES. 6 CHILLERS HAVE BEEN
PLACED ON THE TERRACE OF THE BUILDING. EACH CHILLER IS OF 147 TONS CAPACITY A.H.U.
A.H.U., ARE RUNNING EQUIDISTANT AT 35M, 3 A.H.U.S ARE IN THE BUILDING AND TWO
A.H.U.S ARE IN THE SECOND ONE A.H.U.S VOIDS IN THIS BUILDING, ARE CEILING HANGING.
THEY ARE ADJACENT IN THE UPPER CEILING OF EACH LIFT LOBBY. FIRE EXITS IN THE FIRST
LOBBY THERE ARE TWO FIRE EXITS AT THE TWO ENDS. THESE ARE LOCATED AT THE DISTANCE
OF 50M. PERIPHERAL DISTANCE. SPRINKLERS A RESERVOIR OF 45000 IT CAPACITY IS LOCATED
AND 5 SPRINKLES PUMPS HAVE BEEN INSTALLED WHICH BEGUN AS SOON AS FIRE IS DETECTED.
THERE ARE FEEDED BY THE BUCK UP GENERATORS IN CASE OF A FIRE. HEAT/SMOKE DETECTORS
HAVE BEEN INSTALLED PROPERLY AND IN CORRIDORS AND IN SHOPS AND IN REGULAR INTERVALS
OF 7M IN CORRIDOR AND 3M IN SHOPS. FIRE FIGHTING FIRE FIGHTING PROVISIONS HAVE BEEN
PROPERLY MADE IN THE COMPLEX. HOSEPIPES HAVE BEEN PROPERLY INSTALLED AT THE LIFT
LOBBY AND AT THE STAIRCASES. EXTINGUISHERS INSTALLED AT REGULAR INTERVALS
THROUGHOUT THE CORRIDOR.
33
FIRE CONTROL ROOM LOCATED AT THE GROUND FLOOR IT IS EQUIPPED WITH THE FIRE PANEL
SYSTEM. AS SOON AS THE FIRE BREAKS UP IN ANY PART OF THE BUILDING, IT IS INDICATED
ON THE PANEL AND IT STARTS ITS OPERATIONS BY GIVING WARNING/FIRE ALARM TO THE
GENERAL PUBLIC AND THE FIRE FIGHTING STAFF FOR TAKING THE NECESSARY MEASURES.
ELECTRIC SUPPLY IS IMMEDIATELY CUTOFF AND SPRINKLERS START WORKING. INFERENCES  
THE MALL HAS GOT ONLY RESTAURANT IN ITS FIRST BUILDING, CATERING TO THE WHOLE MALL,
AGAIN NO INFORMAL PLACES

VISUAL LINKAGES ARE GOOD THE CURVED SHAPE OF CORRIDOR WAYS GIVES THE PRE
INFORMATION OF THE NEXT STOP AND ALSO REDUCES THE LENGTH OF THE CORRIDOR
PSYCHOLOGICALLY. VISUAL LINKAGES BETWEEN THE SUBSEQUENT FLOORS, AGAIN HELPS TO
CREATE A GOOD VISUAL SEQUENCE.

 

NATURAL LIGHTING TRAPPED THROUGH THE SKYLIGHT ALSO EXPOSES THE TRUE COLORS OF THE
SIGNBOARDS AND BANNERS. SERVICE HAS BEEN PROPERLY PLACED IN THE BASEMENT, PROPERLY
CONNECTED THROUGH THE STAIRS AND LIFT. DUE TO RADIAL GRID, ALL NUMBER OF SHOPS IS
RECTANGULAR. IN THE BASEMENT DUE TO RADIAL GRID, EFFICIENT CAR PARKING IS NOT
POSSIBLE. CONNECTING BRIDGE IS NONE AIR-CONDITIONED; TO TRANSITING FROM ONE BLOCK
TO OTHER YOU HAVE TO CROSS THROW A NON AIR CONDITIONED BRIDGE WHICH IS GOING FROM
AIR-CONDITION TO NON AIR-CONDITIONED THEN AIR- CONDITIONED, IS NOT A GOOD IDEA.
CIRCULATION FROM MAIN ROAD TO COMPLEX THERE IS ONE ENTRY AND ONE EXITS ARE
PROVIDED, VEHICULAR ENTERED FROM THE ENTRY AND PARKING IS PROVIDE AT SURFACE AS
WELL IN THE BASEMENTS, ONE WAY TRAFFIC FLOW IS USED FOR EASY AND SMOOTH DRIVING AS
WELL TO HAVE CONTROL ON THE TRAFFIC MOVEMENTS. FOR PEDESTRIAN VERTICAL MOVEMENT-
LIFTS, ESCALATORS AND STAIRCASES ARE PROVIDED. ONE OF THE GOOD FEATURES OF THIS
COMPLEX IS THE DESCENDED BALCONIES. THE COMPLEX IS FULLY AIR-CONDITIONED. SKY
LIGHTS ARE PROVIDED AT THE TOP.
34
ESCALATORS ARE PROVIDED ON THE RIGHT SIDE BUILDING, BUT SERVICE CORE OF ONE STAIR
WITH ONE LIFT IS PROVIDED IN THE BOTH BUILDING BLOCK. ONE MAIN ATTRACTION OF THE
ANSAL PLAZA IS THE POLLUTION CONTROL TOWER WHICH IS ATTACHED TO THE GENERATOR ROOM
BASEMENT WHICH COLLECTS FUMES FROM THERE AND EXHAUST FROM VEHICLES AND PURIFY THEM
BEFORE RELEASING TO THE ATMOSPHERE WHICH IS APPROX 30 MT-35 MT HIGH, THIS IS THE
MOST PROMINENT FEATURE OF THE MALL. IN PLANNING, MALL AREA IS TOTALLY UN-DISTURBED
FROM ANY TRAFFIC.

AESTHETICS IT'S VISUAL CHARACTERISTIC LIKE ITS PHYSICAL FORM -GEOMETRY, SHAPE,
FACADE, ROOF SHADE, ITS FEATURES, COLORS, TEXTURES, DECORATION, ORNAMENTATION, AND
ITS VIEWING CONDITION, THE DISTANCE AND THE ANGLE FROM WHICH IT’S VIEWED. IT HAS A
WELL TREATED EXTERNAL FACADE OF RED BRICIK WITH SOME BLUE COLOR TILES AT TOP LEVEL.
• IT HAS A GOOD COMBINATION OF GLASS WITH SOLID. • ALL MODERN MATERIALS ARE USED IN
THE ANSAL PLAZA. • A VERY GOOD EFFORT WAS MADE TOWARDS THE LANDSCAPE.
35 SUPER BUS TERMINAL, JALANDHAR,

BACKGROUND CLIENT ARCHITECT COMPLETE IN SITE AREA BUILT-UP AREA SITE LOCATION THE
TERMINAL IS LOCATED IN THE HEART OF THE CITY. IT IS SURROUNDED BY ROADS ON 3 SIDES.
IT IS ABOUT 8 KMS. FROM THE RAILWAY STATION. THE LONG ROUTE BUSES ENTER THE
TERMINAL THROUGH THE ROAD PERPENDICULAR TO THE GARHA ROAD. THE SHORT ROUTE BUSES
ENTER THROUGH G.T. ROAD. TERMINAL CATERS TO A DAILY BUS SCHEDULE OF 3,000 BUSES AND
1,00,000 FOOTFALLS PER DAY. MOST CONSUMERS OF THE SERVICES ARE FROM THE LOWER OR
MIDDLE-LEVEL INCOME GROUPS. THE EXISTING TERMINAL HAS BEEN RE-DESIGNED AND THE NEW
DESIGN ADDRESSES AN ATTEMPT WAS MADE TO TRANSFORM THE EXISTING SITUATION OF CHAOS,
HAPHAZARD CIRCULATION AND THE NON-EXISTENT ESTATE SERVICES INTO A PROGRESSIVE,
DYNAMIC AND FUTURISTIC DESIGN WHICH WOULD ADAPT ITSELF TO THE CHANGING NEEDS OF
SOCIETY. PUNJAB STATE BUS STAND MANAGEMENT COMPANY LIMITED SWINDER SAWHEEY
ASSOCIATES 2007 12.51 ACRES 18000 SQM
36
THE PROPOSED NEW TERMINAL PLAN WAS INTEGRATED WITH THE EXISTING TERMINAL BUILDING
BOTH FUNCTIONALLY AND AESTHETICALLY. THE PLAN EVOLVED HAS SEPARATED BOTH LONG AND
SHORT ROUTE BUS TRAFFIC AND CONVERTED THE TERMINAL INTO AN ACTIVE URBAN STREET. TWO
BUS DEPARTURE BAYS NAMELY, STEPPED PARALLEL AND RADIAL SAW TOOTH HAVE BEEN DESIGNED
KEEPING FUNCTION IN MIND. THE PLAN DEFINES SPECIFIC DOMAINS FOR THE PASSENGER AND
THE BUS MOVEMENTS WITH CONVENIENT INTERCHANGES. IT ENCOURAGES SHORT LINES OF FLOW
AND MINIMIZES WALKING DISTANCE TO THE TERMINAL BUILDING. THE RADIAL SAW TOOTH
PATTERN OF THE DEPARTURE BAYS ADDS A UNIQUE GEOMETRY TO THE PLAN. THE WING SHAPED
ROOF INCREASES THE NATURAL LIGHTING BY ACTING AS LIGHT SHAFTS AND REDUCES POLLUTION
IN THE TERMINAL BUILDING BY SUCKING OUT VEHICULAR POLLUTION THROUGH VENTS LOCATED
AT THE UPPER LEVELS.
37
DESIGN PRINCIPLES THE NEW DESIGN ADDRESSES THREE SIGNIFICANT COMPONENTS OF TERMINAL
BUSES AND THEIR UNOBSTRUCTED MOVEMENT, PEDESTRIAN CIRCULATION AND THEIR SAFETY AND
PASSENGER VEHICLES AND THEIR MOVEMENT. THE PLAN EVOLVED HAS SEGREGATED THE TRAFFIC
MOVEMENT AND CONVERTED THE TERMINAL INTO AN ACTIVE URBAN STREET. APPROACH TO SITE
SHORT ROUTE BUSES HAVE BEEN SEGREGATED FROM THE LONG ROUTE BUSES BY HAVING A
SEPARATE ENTRY AND EXITS. IDLE PARKING TOR THE LONG AND SHORT ROUTE BUSES HAVE BEEN
PROVIDED IN SUCH AWAY SO AS TO NOT DISTURB THE MOVEMENT OF BUS ENTERING OR LEAVING
THE TERMINAL A SEPARATE PASSENGER ENTRY AND EXIT IS PROVIDED. THIS PASSENGER ENTRY
AND EXIT IS ALSO USED BY OTHER VEHICLES FOR APPROACHING THEIR INDIVIDUAL PARKING. A
SEPARATE ENTRY AND EXIT FOR LONG ROUTE BUSES HAS BEEN PROVIDED SEGREGATING IT FROM
PEDESTRIAN. SINCE THE ARRIVAL BLOCK LIES IN THE CENTRE OF BOTH THE DEPARTURE OF
LONG AND SHORT ROUTE BUSES, HENCE IT BECOMES CONVENIENT TO THE PASSENGERS TO TRAVEL
TO THE ARRIVAL BLOCK IS CENTRALLY LOCATED WHICH IS EASILY ACCESSIBLE FROM THE MAIN
PASSENGER ENTRANCE FROM TWO OF ITS SIDES. THE DEPARTURE OF SHORT ROUTE BUSES HAS
BEEN PROPERLY SEGREGATED FROM THE LONG ROUTE BUSES BY LOCATING THEM AT OPPOSITE
SIDES OF THE ARRIVAL BLOCK PARKING IS LOCATED AT AN APPROPRIATE DISTANCE FROM THE
OTHER MAIN BLOCKS SO THAT PASSENGERS USING THE TERMINAL DO NOT HAVE TO TRAVEL A
LARGE DISTANCE TO ARRIVE THE BLOCKS. THE PLAN ENCOURAGES SHORT LINES OF FLOW AND
WALKING DISTANCE TO THE TERMINAL BUILDING HAS BEEN MINIMIZED.
38
39
STANDARDS, AREA & REQUIREMENTS
Standards Area analysis Requirements Area calculation
40
STANDARDS
41
42
AREA ANALYSIS BUS TERMINAL S NO REQUIREMENTS CASE STUDY KASHMERE GATE DELHI CASE
STUDY SEC 17 LIT STUDY SUPER BUS STANDARDS REQ.AREA REMARK (PEAK HOUR PASSANGER)

CHANDIGARH TERMINAL JALANDHAR

@ PER UNIT AREA 1. ENTRANCE LOUNGE 1.5 SQ.M. 1875 25%OF THE PEAK HOUR PASS. (5000)
A. B. C. D. E. F. ENQUIRY TOURIST INFORMATION TICKET BOOTH BOOK STALL PUBLIC TELE
TOILET 2@7 6@7 6@18 1@20 1@20 1@15 1@20 1@30 1@20 1.5 SQ.M 6 SQ.M 5SQ.M 10 SQ.M 70
SQ.M 2SQ.M./WC &5SQ.M./WB &URINAL 20 SQ.M 70 SQ.M 25 SQ.M 30 SQ.M 5 ATTENDANT 5
ATTENDANT AS PER NO.OF BAY 2NO. 10 BOOTH W/C-1/250 FOR MALE,1/100 FOR FEMALE,
URINAL-1/50, WB-1/200 MALE FEMALE 2. WAITING HALL 1@50 1@20 2SQ.M. 750SQ.M. 15% OF
PEAK HR. PASS IN ½ HOUR CYCLE
43
A. B. KIOSK TOILET 6@18 10SQ.M. SAME 60 SQ.M.
M-23SQ.M. F-12 SQ.M.

6 NOS. 30% OF THE LOADING BAY CAPACITY

C. 3. A. B. C. D. E.

DRINKING WATER DEPARTUTRE LOUNGE ENQUIRY KIOSK DRINKING WATER TICKET BOOTH TOILET
1@20 12@7.5 12@5 10@5 10@18 1@15 18@9 5@5 15@5 8@18 1@30 9@12 7@3 15@5 6@18

4NOS. 2SQ.M. 5SQ.M. 10SQ.M. 3SQ.M. 5SQ.M. 2SQ.M./WC&1. 5SQ.M./WB &URINAL 2

ATTENDANT

4. A. B. C. D. E. 5. 6. A.

ARRIVAL LOUNGE KIOSK DRINKING WATER TELE. BOOTH TOILET TOURIST INFOM. ANNOUN.
&REPORTING BUS CREW STAFF CAFETARIA 160SQ.M. 6@7.5 4@5 5@7 4@18 1@20 1@20 1@25 1@25
30SQ.M. 625SQ.M. 160SQ.M. 1 NOS. 12@9 2@5 9@7 6@12 2@5 2 STALL EACH
44
B. DORMITORIES LOCKER 7. A. B. COMMUTER FACILITES BARBER SHOP DORMITORY CHEMIST
DISPENSARY RESTAURANT 8. A B C D E F 9. A B C D E MISCELLANEOUS BANK POST
&TELEGRAPH POLICE POST PUMP ROOM AIR BOOKING COUNTER RAIL BOOKING COUNTER OFFICE
MANAGER „S ROOM IN – CHARGE ROOM ACCOUNTS OFFICE ADMINSTRATIVE OFFICE OTHER OFFICE
1@15 1@15 1@25 1@25 1@20 1@20 1@25 1@25 1@25 1@15 1@30 1@30 1@25 1@15 1@30 1@30 25
SQ.M. 20 SQ.M. 30 SQ.M. 30 SQ.M. 15 SQ.M. 1NO. 1NO. 1NO. 1NO. 1NO. 1@25 1@100 2@15
1@15 1@25 1@80 1@15 1@20 1@30 1@25 1@100 150 SQ.M 150 SQ.M 2@50 1@9 1@30 1@30 1@15
1@25 1@75 FOR 30 1@30 30SQ.M. 50SQ.M. 1.2 / PERSON 30SQ.M. 30SQ.M. 128SQ.M. 30SQ.M.
50SQ.M. 300SQ.M. 690SQ.M. 150 SQ.M 80 SQ.M 150 SQ.M 150 SQ.M 80 SQ.M 180SQ.M 4@32
FOR 10BED 1 NO. 1NO. 1NO. 1NO. 1NO. 1NO. 1NO. 2NO. 1NO. 1NO. 420SQ.M. 45SQ.M.
420SQ.M. 45SQ.M.
45
REQUIREMENT THE MAIN PROJECT COMPONENTS TO BE DEVELOPED AT THE PROJECT SITE ARE:
BUS TERMINAL AND RELATED PASSENGER FACILITIES. COMMERCIAL COMPLEX / TOWER SUB-WAY
HELIPAD ACTIVITIES AND FACILITIES OF THE COMMERCIAL COMPLEX OFFICE SPACE, SHOPPING
MALL, FOOD COURTS, RESTAURANTS, HYPERMARKET, RETAIL SHOWROOMS, BANKS AND ATM OTHER
ACTIVITIES ACTIVITIES AND FACILITIES (COMPONENTS) OF THE BUS TERMINAL PASSENGER
CONCOURSE, TICKET COUNTER, WASHROOM, INFORMATION DESK, FACILITIES OF HANDICAPPED,
CLOCK ROOM, BUS CIRCULATION AREA, BUS BAY, PARKING FACILITIES, CONTROL ROOM, HIGH-
TEC SECURITY SYSTEM , DRINKING WATER, FIREFIGHTING SYSTEM, POWER BACKUP. TOURISM,
ROADWAYS, RAILWAYS, POLICE POST, REFRESHMENTS, TELEPHONE BOOTHS, BOOK SHOPS, ETC.
RESTAURANTS & FOOD COURT, LODGE & DORMITORIES, WAITING ROOM, REST ROOMS, BANK, ETC.
BUS TERMINAL „ENVISION‟ AUTOMATIC ‘SCHEDULE DISPLAY’ SYSTEM ALONG WITH PUBLIC
ADDRESS SYSTEM SAFETY PARAMETERS NO PASSENGER-VEHICLE CONFLICT SEGREGATION OF PVT.
VEHICLES & BUSES ‘DRIVE-WAY CONCEPT‟ DESIGN PARAMETER FOR BUS TERMINAL FOR
INTERSTATE BUS AVERAGE STOPPAGE TIME IS 12 MINUTES EMBARKATION PLATFORM AND 6 MIN
TO DISEMBARKATION PLATFORM & FOR LOCAL STOPPAGE TIME 5- 10 MIN-MAX. FUNCTIONAL &
GEOMETRIC DESIGN PARAMETER FOR BUS TERMINAL BUS - 2.46 X 10.91 X 3.2 (VOLVO) BUS
BAY- SAW, RADIAL, STRAIGHT,
46
AREA CALCULATION THE INTERSTATE BUS TERMINUS IS TO BE DESIGNED TO HANDLE 1938 TRIPS
~ 2000 TRIPS PER DAY PEAK HOUR FLOW IS EQUAL TO 10 % OF TOTAL DAILY FLOW. INCOMING
BUSES (AT UNLOADING BAYS) = 50% OF TOTAL BUSES = 1000 NOS INCOMING BUSES (AT
LOADING BAYS) = 50% OF TOTAL BUSES = 1000 NOS OCCUPANCY IN PEAK HOUR = 50
PASSANGER/ BUS TOTAL PASSANGER TO BE HANDLED BY TERMINAL = 50 X 2000 = 1,00,000 NO.
OF BAYS FOR LOADING AND UNLOADING HAVE BEEN CALCULATED AS =TOTAL NO OF BUSES IN
PEAK HOUR / BAY CAPACITY IN 1 HOUR. LOADING - EFFICIENT LOADING OPERATIONAL TIME
FOR AN INTERSTATE BUS = 12 MINUTES. BAYS CAPACITY IN PEAK HOUR = 60MIN/12MIN= 5 NOS
UNLOADING - EFFICIENT UNLOADING OPERATIONAL TIME = ½ OF LOADING OPERATION =6 MIN
BAYS CAPACITY IN PEAK HOUR = 60MIN/6MIN= 10 NOS BUS BAYS PERCENTAGE NO OF BUSES
OCCUPANCY /BUS NO OF PASSANGER PEAK HOUR LOAD (BUS) PEAK HOUR LOAD (PASSANGER)
LOADING BAYS UNLOADIN G BAYS 50% 1000 50 50,000 100 5000 100/10=10 50% 1000 50
50,000 100 5000 100/5=20 NO OF BAYS

AREA OF BUS

NO. OF BAYS

AREA/BAY (SQ.MT.)

TOTAL AREA (SQ.MT.)

ADDING 50 % CIRCULATION SPACE

47
LOADING UNLOADING IDLE PARKING AUTO RICKSAW HIRED MODES PRIVATE MODES CAR TWO
WHEELERS 50 100 25 4 1250 400 1875 600 TAXI 20 10 40 100 50 76 104 66 5 16 2150
1040 2640 500 800 3225 1560 3960 750 1200

AREA REQUIREMENT BUS TERMINAL FOOT FALL PROJECTED 50,000 – 60,000 POTENTIAL BUS
TRIPS / DAY -1938 ~ 2000 BUS TERMINAL AREA = 20% OF TOTAL BUILDING AREA =17063 SQMT
COMMERCIAL COMPLEX = 80% OF TOTAL BUILDING AREA =68254 SQMT OFFICE SPACE 60% 40953
SQMT SHOPPING 40% 27301 SQMT
SKETCH DESIGN
Traffic flow analysis Flow chart Concept Zoning Sketches Working models
48
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50
51
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54
55
DRAWINGS & DETAILS
Floor plans Elevations Sections 3 – D views Details Electives Fire fighting Working
drawing
56
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58
BIBLIOGRAPHY

            

Architecture + design July 2004 & June 06

CBRE_final_report_mohali_bus_terminal_project

Redevelopment of ISBT at Sarai kale khan (DIMTS)

Master plan of Mohali BY GMADA

Traffic Engineering and Transportation Planning - L.R. Kadiyali

Master architect series –II Norman foster

High rise building by V. K. Jain

NBC of India 2005

Neufert Architects' Data

Time Saver Standards www.google.com/earth/ www.scribd .com www.4shared.com
REFERENCE BUILDINGS

          

HSBC HEADQUARTER HONGKONG PROPOSED ISBT AT DWARIKA 30_ST_MARY_AXE, LONDON METRO

BHAVAN AT DELHI COMMERZ BANK HEADQUARTER, FRANKFURT MADRID BARAJAS AIRPORT, SPAIN
GEORGES POMPIDOU CENTRE, FRANCE REDEVELOPMENT OF ISBT ANAND VIHAR, DELHI LONDON‟S
THIRD AIRPORT, STANDSTED KASHMERE GATE METRO, AT DELHI WORLD TRADE CENTRE, NEWYORK,
FOSTER, ROGER & MAKI