Sheet (3)

Compound system

1- The following data are applied to a two stages refrigeration

system uses ammonia refrigerant and produces 100 T.R:
* Evaporator pressure 1.6 bar
* Condenser pressure 14 bar
* Water inter-cooler pressure 5 bar
* Compressor volumetric efficiency:
- Low pressure stage 85 %
- High pressure stage 78
* Pressure drop in compressor valves:
- Low stage suction 0.2 bar
- Low stage discharge 0.4 bar
- High stage suction 0.3 bar
- High stage discharge 0.7 bar
* Ammonia vapor temperature at evaporator exit - 21 C
* Ammonia vapor temperature at compressor suction - 18 C
* Ammonia vapor temperature at water inter-cooler exit 32 C
* Ammonia liquid temperature at condenser exit 30 C
* Isentropic efficiency at L.S.C. 85 %
* Polytropic index for H.S.C 1.28
* The compressor is double acting
Find: a) Refrigerant mass flow rate.
b) The power required for deriving the compressor.
c) Heat rejected from the water inter-cooler and the condenser.

1
 d) The piston displacement for both compression stages.
e) C.O.P. of the unit.

2- A refrigeration unit uses R-12 as a refrigerant to produces 20 T.R at

- 20 C. The condensing temperature is 42 C. The system is two
stages with flash inter-cooler. The vapor leaves the evaporator
saturated and gains 5 C during the suction line. The liquid leaves
the condenser saturated. Find the power required for deriving the
compressor and the unit C.O.P.
3- A vapor compression system uses R-134a as a refrigerant for cooling
load of 25 T.R. The evaporator pressure is 1.2 bar while that of
condenser is 12 bar. Isentropic compression is considered. What will
be the percentage decrease of the compressor power and also the
percentage increase of the C.O.P if two flash intercoolers at 3.5 bar
and 6 bar are used.

4- Two stages evaporator system with multiple expansion valves, as

shown in Fig. (3. 30), uses NH3 as a refrigerant. The low
temperature evaporator has a capacity of 10 kW and operates at -20
C while the higher one
1 Condenser 9
has a capacity of 50 kW
and operates at -5 C. The
7 8
condensing temperature is 2 3 Evap.(1)
43 C. compression is 3
6
C1
Isentropic. Find the power
Evap.(2) 5
required for deriving the 4 C2
Fig. (3. 30)

2
 compressor and the unit C.O.P.

5- A multi stage vapor compression system consists of one evaporator

and two flash intercoolers. The unit uses Freon 12 as a refrigerant
and produces 50 T.R at evaporating pressure of 1.2 bar. The
condenser pressure is 12 bar. The pressures of the two flash
intercoolers are 3.5 and 6 bar. Saturated vapor is considered at each
compressor inlet. Draw the flow diagram and its representation on
the P-i chart and find the power required for deriving each
compressor and the percentage decrease of the total power due to
the use of the two flash intercoolers.

6- A vapor compression system is arranged as shown in Fig. (3-31) and

uses R 500 as a refrigerant with the following data:
TCond = 35 C, Te1 = TFIC= -5 C. Te2 = -20 C
The low pressure evaporator produces twice the capacity of the high
pressure one. The vapor leaves the two evaporators and flash
intercooler at saturation. Find the C.O.P of the system.
9
1 Condenser

2 Evap. (1)
8 C1

2
WIC
3 7
6

4 Evap. (2) 5
C2

3
 Fig. (3-31)

7- The system shown in Fig. (3. 32) consists of two stages, R-12,
compressor with surface sub-cooler and heat exchanger. The
refrigerant leaves the condensers as saturated liquid at 35 C and it
is sub-cooled 5 C in the surface sub-cooler and another 10 C in the
liquid- vapor heat exchanger. The vapor refrigerant is 8 C super-
heated at the suction valve of the high pressure stage compressor.
Evaporator saturation temperature is -10 C. Intermediate pressure
is the pressure corresponding to 0 C. Compression is isentropic and
vapor leaves the evaporator saturated. The cooling capacity is 12
T.R. Find the power required and the C.O.P.
11
1 Condenser

9 10

2 C1
8
3

7
H.E C2

4 6
5 Evap. (2)

Fig. (3. 32)

8- The vapor compression system shown in Fig. (3. 33) utilizes R-502
as a refrigerant. The condensing temperature is 40 C. The amount

4
 of liquid refrigerant goes to the low pressure evaporator is sub-
cooled 10 C in the liquid sub-cooler and another 10 C in the
liquid-vapor heat exchanger. Vapor leaves the low pressure
evaporator saturated at -30 C and it is super-heated in the heat
exchanger at the same pressure. All vapors come out the flash
inter-cooler and the high pressure evaporator saturated at 4 bar. The
cooling capacities are 10 T.R for the L.P.E. and 25 T.R for the
H.P.E. Calculate the power required for each compressor and the
heat rejected in the condenser.
11
1 Condenser

10

2 C1

9 Evap. (1)
3
8

7
H.E C2

4 6
5 Evap. (2)

Fig. (3. 33)

9- For the system shown in Fig. (3. 34), that uses NH3 as a refrigerant,
the following data are given:
- Evaporator (1) has a capacity of 10 T.R and operates at -5 C.
- Evaporator (2) has a capacity of 30 T.R and operates at -5 C.
- Evaporator (3) has a capacity of 20 T.R and operates at -25 C.

5
 - For compressor (1): S=0.85, V=0.88, Mech.=0.92, Ps= 0.3 bar,
Pd =0.6 bar.
- For compressor (2): S = 0.9, V = 0.9, Mech.= 0.9, Ps= 0.2 bar,
Pd = 0.4 bar.

1 Condenser 9

8
2 Evap. (1) C1

3 Evap. (2)
3
6

5
4 Evap. (3) C2

Fig. (3.34)

Find: a) Power required for each compressor stage.

b) P.D. for each compressor stage.
c) Cooling water flow rate in the condenser for TW = 8 C.

10- A blood storing cabin of 0.4 T.R capacity requires a refrigeration

system to maintain its temperature at -80 C. a cascade system is
used for this purpose. R-503 is used for low temperatures stage. The
temperature difference between the cabin and inside the evaporator
coil is 5 C. The high temperature stage uses R-22 to absorb the heat

6
 from the condenser of the low temperature stage. The evaporating
and condensing temperatures of the high temperature stage are
respectively -33 C and 43 C. The temperature difference between
the evaporator of the HTS and the condenser of the LTS is 7 C.
Find the power required for each compressor and the C.O.P. of the
unit.

11- A three stage refrigeration, with two flash gas removal, system uses
CO2 as a refrigerant to produce 360 kg of dry ice per hour. The
condensing pressure is 65 bar while the expansion chamber is at 1
bar. Make up CO2 is at 1 bar and 27 C. The intermediate stage
pressures are 6 and 27 bar. The CO2 vapor leaves both of the low
stage and the intermediate stage compressors to be cooled, in water
intercoolers, to 25 C then it is mixed with the vapor leaves the
corresponding flash gas removal before entering the corresponding
compressor. Find the power required and the unit C.O.P.

12- During a test on an ammonia compound unit with both water and
flash intercooler, the following data were recorded:
- Evaporator pressure 1.5 bar
- Intermediate pressure 4.5 bar
- Condenser pressure 12 bar
- Temperature at evaporator outlet and L.P.S inlet -18 C
- Temperature at L.P.S exit and water intercooler inlet 83 C
- Temperature at water intercooler exit and flash
intercooler inlet 37 C
- Leaving HPS 82 C

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- Condenser inlet 68 C
- Liquid receiver outlet and entering 1st expansion valve 30 C
- Ammonia mass flow rate leaving the condenser 48 kg/min
- Compressor D and L (12 and 15 cm) for low stage, (10 and 12) for
high stage.
- Number of cylinders is (4) for each stage.
- Number of r.p.m is (1200) for each stage.

Find: a) Total power required.

b) Volumetric efficiency for each compressor stage.
c) Heat rejected in each of: Condenser, Liquid receiver,
compressor stages, Water intercooler and connecting
piping.