TI 89 Titanium training exercises - Part 3

Checking calculator settings

Calculations with real numbers

(1) List of operations/functions accessible directly through the keyboard

a. i : Unit imaginary # [ 2nd][CATALOG]

b. ∞ : Infinity [ ♦ ][CATALOG]
c. LN : Natural logarithm [ 2nd][ X ]
d. ex : Exponential function [ ♦ ][ X ]
e. SIN: Sine function [ 2nd][ Y ]
f. SIN-1: Arcsine function [ ♦ ][ Y ]
g. COS: Cosine function [ 2nd][ Z ]
h. COS-1: Arcosine function [ ♦ ][ Z ]
i. TAN: Tangent function [ 2nd][ T ]
j. TAN-1: Arctangent function [ ♦ ][ T ]
k. π : Constant pi [ 2nd][ ^ ]
l. √ : Square root [ 2nd][ × ]
m. ∠ : Angle symbol [ 2nd][ EE ]
n. \ : Left division [ 2nd][ 2 ]
o. ANS: Last answer [ 2nd][ (-) ]
p. [ ^ ] : Power

Exercise set No. 1 - Perform the following calculations in ALG or RPN modes, EXACT or APPROX
modes.

1. -2.73+(2.3+5.22.5)/(1+e-2.3)
2. 271/3
3. SQ(2.5) + √3.2
4. SIN(2.3 + 31.5) + TAN(1/(1+√2)) (use RAD)
5. ASIN(0.5) + 3.2*ATAN(1200.5) (use DEG)
6. 1.2x10-5*LN(2.3) + 0.5x10-2*LN(4.5)

Page 3-1
 (2) Functions available through the MATH menus: The MATH menus are available by using
[ 2nd][ 5 ]. The list of menus is shown below:

The sub-menus that are related to real number calculations are: Number, Angle, Trig, and
Hyperbolic. The functions in each of these sub-menus are shown below.

Exercise set No. 2 - - Perform the following calculations

1. (sinh(2.7)-cosh(1.2/(1+√3.2)))1.5
2. asinh(2.3)*acosh(1.2)/(1+atanh(3.2))
3. iPart(12.34)
4. fPart(5.678)
5. Round(12.345,1)
6. Round(123.232234,2)
7. FLOOR(12.2343)
8. FLOOR(-1.232)
9. CEILING(56.234243)
10. CEILING(-123.23)
11. mod(17,3)
12. sign(-12.4)
13. remain(13,5)

Page 3-2
 14. lcm(6,12, 24)
15. gcd(14, 2, 8)
16. fDMS(12.35)
17. fDD(24.1545)
18. PfRx(5.0,30), with angle set to DEG
19. PfRy(5.0,30), with angle set to DEG
20. RfPr(3.0,4.0), with angle set to RAD
21. RfPθ(3.0,4.0), with angle set to RAD
22. 35o, with angle set to RAD
23. 1.25r, with angle set to DEG

Operations with UNITS -

To use units, type a number and then use the UNITS function ([2nd][ 3 ]). By default, his
produces a list of magnitudes and the preferred unit in the SI system. The top of the list of
units is shown below:

Notice that the first option is actually a list of physical constants, starting with the speed of
light (c). For example, a speed of 0.5c, would be entered as [0][.][5][2nd] UNITS, select
Constants, select _c. The result is: 0.5_c, calculated as 1.49896E8_m/_s, or 1.49896x108 m/s.

Using physical constants

To get the value of a physical constant, type [1] and then select the constant. For example:

1_ε0 = 8.85419x10-12 F/m (Faraday/m) – I think this is the electric permittivity in vacuum
1_Rc = 8.31451 J/(mol⋅K) – the universal constant of ideal gases

Back to operations with units

Calculate (23.5 m/s)/(17.2 hr):
• Use [2][3][.][5] UNITS, select Length, then _m [÷] UNITS, select Time, then _s.
• Press [ENTER].
• Then select ANS, [÷] [1][7][.][2] UNITS, select Time, then hr. Press [ENTER].

The result is 4918.6_m, which is, of course, wrong. Where did we go wrong? We didn’t put the
denominator in parentheses. So, we repeat the calculation as follows:

• Use the up arrow key, reselecting the result 23.5._m/_s, pressing [ENTER]
• Type: [ ( ][1][7][.][2] UNITS, select Time, then hr [ ) ].
• Press [ENTER].

The result is now 0.00038 m/s2.

Page 3-3
Changing the system of units
Press [MODE]. Press [F3]. Select Unit System: ENG/US, i.e., the English or Imperial system. Press
[ENTER]. If we still have the calculation 23.5*(_m/_s)/(17.2_hr) in the HOME screen, pressing
[ENTER] produces 0.001245_ft/_s2.

Thus, the result of calculations involving units will provide results in the default units of the
selected system of units ([MODE][F3]).

Here is an example involving viscosity: Enter 4.5E-6, UNITS, select Viscosity, select _P (Poise),
press [ENTER]. The result is: 4.5x10-6 P = 4.5x10-7 kg/(m⋅s), with the SI selected as the system
of units.

Unit conversions
Type the value you want to convert with the corresponding units. Then use the conversion
operator f, obtained from [2nd][MODE], and type the units to convert to. Example:

[1][2][.][5] UNITS, select Length, select _ft, [÷], UNITS, select _s, press 2nd][MODE] (i.e., f).
Then, UNITS, select Velocity, select _mph. Press [ENTER]. The result is: 8.52273_mph.

Other examples are shown below:

Pressure: 10.2_mmHgf_psi produces 0.197235_psi.

Temperature: 42.5_oFf_oK produces Error: Inconsistent units… Use instead function tmpConv,
available, through the catalog, i.e., tmpConv(42.5_oF,_oK), which produces 278.983_oK.

[NOTE: the unit of absolute temperature in the SI system is the Kelvin (K), not degrees Kelvin,
as implied in the calculator units. “Degrees Kelvin” is an older reference, not longer accepted
by the SI]

Temperature increment: To convert a temperature increment, say DT = 10oC to oR¸ use

function ΔtmpConv, which is found right after tmpConv in the catalog. Thus,
tmpConv(10_oC,_oR) produces 18_oR.

Force: 12.48_lbffN produces 55.5138_N

Unit prefixes
The following table shows the value of x in the factor 10x corresponding to each prefix in the SI
system of units.
______________________________________________
Prefix Name x Prefix Name x
______________________________________________
Y yotta +24 d deci -1
Z zetta +21 c centi -2
E exa +18 m milli -3
P peta +15 μ micro -6
T tera +12 n nano -9
G giga +9 p pico -12
M mega +6 f femto -15
k,K kilo +3 a atto -18
h,H hecto +2 z zepto -21
da deka +1 y yocto -24
________________________________________________
Some of the unit selections in the calculator include some of these prefixes (e.g., in Length we
find km, cm, and mm).

Page 3-4
 (3) Exercises: Perform the following conversions:

1. 15_yd to m, 23.4_ft to in, 123.45_lyr to Mpc, 4.56_mi to km

2. 10_ft3 to galUK, 1.2_gal to m3
3. 12.3_knot to mph, 85_mph to kph, 1.2_c to mph
4. 10_kg to lb, 1.3_slug to kg, 1_lb to grain
5. 6.5_dyn to N, 1_kip to lb, 2.3_pdl to lbf
6. 12.3_J to erg, 3.5_ft×lb to eV, 345.5_BTU to Kcal
7. 23.4_hp to W, 234.67_W to hp
8. 45.6_torr to atm, 45.78_Pa to mmHg, 34.5_bar to psi
9. 100oC to oR, 300oF to K, 345.56oF to oC
10. 234_P to St, 34.5_St to P

Physical constants in the calculator

The following constants are available in the calculator:

Page 3-5
Using the UNITS function, perform the following exercises (if the constant is available):

(4) Find the value of the following physical constants in units of the International System
(S.I.):

• Avogadro’s number (NA)

• Boatman’s constant (k)
• Universal gas constant (R)
• Stefan-Boltzmann constant (σ)
• Speed of light (c)
• Acceleration of gravity (g)
• Electronic charge (q)
• Electronic mass (Me)
• Bohr radius for the hydrogen atom (a0)

(5) Copy the value of the following physical constants to the screen in units of the English
(or British, or Imperial) System:

• Electrical permittivity of vacuum (ε0)

• Universal gravitation constant (Gc)
• Planck’s constant (h)
• Electron mass (Me)
• Proton mass (Mp)
• Magnetic flux quantum (φ)
• Coulomb constant (Cc)

(6) Constants from the physical constant library can be incorporated in calculations.

Defining functions
To define a simple function we can use function Define, available through the catalog. Here’s
an example:

[CATALOG][ALPHA][ALPHA][D], find Define, press [ENTER]

Type [ALPHA] F [( ] [X] [)] [=] [X][^][2][+][1] [ENTER]

The result is: Define f(x) = x2+1 Done

Function f is now a variable in the current directory. For example, if you’re in folder MAIN,
there will be a variable called f, of type FUNC. You can check the existence of such variable
by using the VAR-LINK screen. Select the variable, and press [2nd][F6], to see the content of
the variable as x2+1.

To evaluate the function, type, for example, f(2), i.e., [ALPHA][F][(][2][)][ENTER]. The result
is 5.

(7) Define the following functions and evaluate them at the points shown:

1. Define f(t) = exp(1-t2), evaluate f(2.3), f(-1.2), f(3.5)

2. Define g(x,y) = (x2+x*y), evaluate g(2.3,-1.2), g(3.5,4.5)
3. Define r(l,s) = sin(l)*cos(s), evaluate r(30o,15o), r(π/2r,π/3r)

Page 3-6
Defining functions with multiple expressions
For this case, we’ll have to type a program. This requires us to use the [APPS] function, and
search for the program editor, e.g.,

The left-hand side picture shows the APPS desktop turned on ([MODE][F3], select APPS
Desktop, and turn it ON), while the right-hand side picture shows the APPS desktop turned off.

Either way, you’re next asked to select Current, Open, or New. Select New. Then, select
Function (instead of Program). Keep the Folder as Main, and type as variable name f1, i.e.,
[ALPHA][ALPHA][F][1]. Press [RETURN]. The result is shown in the following screen:

Let function f1 represent the function given by:

⎧ x, x ≤ 1
f ( x) = ⎨ 2
⎩x , x >1

Page 3-7
This function can be programmed as follows:

Details on entering this program: Use the arrow keys to move about the screen. Start by
typing an x in f(). Then, in the empty line after Func, type If x 1 Then, as follows:

[CATALOG][ALPHA][ALPHA][I], find If, press [ENTER]

[X] [ ♦ ][0] (i.e., ≤) [1] [ALPHA][(-)]
[CATALOG][ALPHA][ALPHA][T], find Then, press [ENTER]
Press [ENTER] again to produce a new line in the program
Type: three spaces,[2nd][×] (i.e., square root) [X][ ) ] [ENTER]
[CATALOG][ALPHA][ALPHA][E], find Else, [ENTER][ENTER]
Type: three spaces, [x][^][2][ENTER]
find EndIf, [ENTER]

The function is ready to be evaluated. NOTE: Do not press [ENTER] here. Simply go to the
HOME screen, i.e., press [HOME]. Check the following values: f1(-1): Error: Non-real result,
f1(0) = 0, f1(1/2) = √2/2, f1(1) = 1, f1(2) = 4.

Function f, as defined above, is the current function in the program editor. If you want to
modify it, simply open the program editor ([APPS], find Program Editor), and select Current.
The screen shown above will be recovered.

(8) Define the following functions and evaluate them at the points shown:

⎧⎪ x 2 + 1, x ≤ 2
1. f ( x ) = ⎨ , evaluate f(-2), f(0), f(2), f(4)
⎪⎩( x 2 − 1) 2 , x > 2

⎧ x 2 + 1 + 3, x≤2
⎪
⎪ ln( x), 2 < x≤4
⎪ 2
2. f ( x ) = ⎨( x − 5) 2 + 3x, 4 < x ≤ 6 , evaluate f(0), f(1), f(2), f(3), f(4), f(5), f(6), f(7)
⎪ 5 x 2 + 1, x>6
⎪
⎪⎩

NOTE: If the function has more than two expressions, as in example 2, above, you will need
to use an If .. ElseIf .. Else .. EndIf structure, i.e., something like the following result:

Page 3-8
 :f2(x)
:Func
:If x≤2 Then
: √(x^2+1)+3
:ElseIf x≤4 Then
: LN(x)
:ElseIf x≤6 Then
: (x^2-5)^2+3*x
:Else
: 5*√(x^2+1)
:EndIf
:EndFunc

To evaluate, for example, f2(5), i.e., with x = 5, the program first checks if x≤2. It is not,
thus, the If statement is false, and control of the program moves to the first ElseIf
statement. The calculator next checks if x≤4. Once again this statement is false, so the
first ElseIf statement is skipped. The second ElseIf statement, namely, x≤6, is true. So,
control is sent to the statement (x^2-5)^2+3*x, which is calculated. Control then moves
to the EndIf statement, and to the EndFunc (End Function).

Producing a table of the function

Suppose that we want to produce a table of function f1(x) for x = 0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, etc. We
proceed as follows:

1. Press [ ♦ ][F1]
2. Type [ALPHA][F][1][ ( ][X][ ) ][ENTER]
3. Press [HOME]
4. Press [ ♦ ][F5]
5. Press [F2], selecting: tblStart: 0, Δtbl = 0.5, press [ENTER]

This produces the following table:

Using the up and down, left and right, arrow keys, you can travel through the table.

Press [HOME] to return to calculator mode.

Page 3-9
Plotting the function
Press [ ♦ ][F2] to define the window in which the plot will be produced. Select the
following values: xmin = 0., xmax = 4., xscl = 1., ymin = 0., ymax = 16, yscl = 1., xres = 2.
Press [HOME]. Then press [ ♦ ][F3] to produce the graph:

We’ll get back to graphics in a subsequent exercise. In the mean time, you’re invited to
explore the various menus available in the graphics screen. For example, [F3] Trace,
shows the coordinates of the curve. Use the right and left arrow keys to move through the
curve:

The [F5] Math menu shows some characteristics of the graph typically used in calculus,
e.g., minimum and maximum value, derivatives, integrals, etc.

Page 3-10