H AAHOEIA TIA TOYZ TZAMHAES «Exeivo Tdvtws To orroio ogeiAou hal at EAAnViKal KuBepviiozic va yvwpifouv, gival 6t1 To Géya (TG Bopeiov Hrreipou) ugiotatal. Kat ekeivov To orroiov arrayopeterai ei¢ Tov aiwva, eival 31 olovéArToTe Adyov n aTTdpyncig TOU 1epod arrfparos..... Kas’ da0v apopd thy Bépsio ‘Hmreipo... n SIeKSIKNOIG Eival 1epd Ka arrapdyparrrog» [Fevopyiog Narravdpéou (O emAeyauevoc «Fépo¢ mg AnpoKpariagy). Ard opiAia Tou oTmv BouAR Tuw EAARVwv otic 12/6/1960] 1. Leviké trepi Toapoupide Kai Todundwy a.Tov teAeuTaio Kaip6 yiveral Kai TAI oUtfINON yia Tous "Todundes". H Exrmerdpicr/AABaviKh TpoTTaydvoa, avaKivel éva Zita To oTTolo eival avUTTapKTOV Kal TipoKaAei On Ty avnouxia TOMGV EAAjvw, iSiws OTIC TrepIOXés Tou GUVOPEGOUV UE mv AkBavia, SnAabi otous Nowous mg AuriKfi¢ Makedoviac Kal ing Hrteipou, pe eTrikevrpov Ty TEpIOxHV Ts SeoTPPwTiag, Thy oTTOlav ETropBaALIOWY oF ExirTETapo1, xapakTnpiovrdc TY WC «Toayoupia» B. Ovopatodocia 41. Toauoupié Me to 6voya auTé, XapaKmpifovray n Tepioxf ToU oupmintel yeviKa pe Tv Ocompuria, ory Bopeiodurikr EAAGSa. Ogov agyopd oto évoya, KaTd mv TmeavwrEpN exdoxt}, MPopxeral a6 Trapa~pEopE Tou apxaiou ovdparoc «OvapIC» Tou TroTayoU KaAayd, Trou Siaoxiger To KEvTpO THC yEwypagIK'G TEpIOXNC. Me Thy TpOSO TOU xpévou, To Svopa«Obapig» (KaAapdc), ue Tapa@Bopa Tou, éyive: QvayIc, Oudyic, To(i)duns, SNA. 0 kdroKos Trou BpioKeTal Kovrd GtoviTepi tov van Trorays, mv Ouapupia/@uayoupia, tv Ta(i)apoupia. ‘Ero, n Aéfq «Ouapoupiay katéAnge va Mpopéperal atv EAAnviKA, «Toapoupid» Kal omy AkBavikt «Toapepia» (Cameria) FewypagiKisc, «Toapyoupié» (Cameria) eivai to averionyo dvoya piag euptrepns TEPIOXHG TOU YewypayIKOY diauEpicHaTos Tyg Hmeipou, MoU oUpMTinTE He Thy KaTa THY Qpxaidrnta_xwpa Tyg Hrreipou, Oeorrpwria, KaroIKNévn aT} TO EAANVIK6 @UAAO Tw Seompwrdiv. Exel oxrhya axiBddag pe SuTIKd TpoGavaTONGUS. OpioBereital avaToAIKd aT} Boppd mpog Noo amt Toug opeivouc OyKoug MaxpuKayTrou, Toapavré (Moupykdvas), Kacidiépn Kai Koupéviwy, nig mpooBdceis tou 6pous Toyapou (OAUTOIKA) Kal Ta épn TOU Zoudiou, tng Napapubids Kal twv OeotrpwTiKiv (ZéAoyyO). Aumikd BpéxeTal arr To lévio TEAGYOG, ATT To véTIO dkpo Tou AéAta Tou TroTayOU Axépovia To Noto (EAAG6a) Kai Yéxpl THY Ajyvo8GAGooa «Bouspwro» (Butrint) omy TEpIOXA Ayiwy Eapavra (Sarandé), oTov Boppd (AABavia), amévavmi arré Thy Képkupa 2I-Todundec fh Tordundec al.«Todundecn (Cami) fav apyikd yewypagixds TrpooBiopICUds SAWY TWY KaTOIKWY tng Ceorpwtiag, Kat GuyKEKpIuéva Tw TEpIOXwY TrEpi TAY QuaLOUPIav/ToapoUpId. ETTEIdH o1 EdAnves Xpiotiavol KdToiko! TpoTIyoUGay Tov 6po «EAAnvac» f «Xpiatiavécm, oTad1aKG o} Agfeig «Toayoupid» Kai «Todunc», karéAngav va TrepiAGyBévouv Udvo Tous MousouAuavous, Trou énoay omy GeoTipwria ard tov 17ov HEX! Ta LEsa TOU 200U aKdVOS, o1 OTFO‘o! Hoav eriong ywworoi we «ToupKahBavol» Emmy euplrepn aur TEpIOXA avrKE Kal _n OYdda Twv xwpIdVY Tou EouAioU (EOUAI, ABapikos, EayoviBa, Kida), 6rrou KaroIKoUGAy adovAWTO! apBaviTéguvol ‘EAAnves UéXp! TMV kaTaoTpOMH Tou 1802, pia aTOdEIgn S71 O1 TEpIGGéTEPO! aPBaviTogwvoI Eixav aKpaIovh edAnviK} ouveldnan, Aev éheiye, aowpadisc, Kar eykaTdoTaon, KaTG Kalpous, eflohapIOBEvwVEKITTETapWY (ToupkaBavidv) ayddwv, AdyW Kal TG OXETIKFIG EUMopiag Tou EBd@ouG. Odd! auTo! arreréheoay exei mv avtioroixn SpnoKeuTiK) elovémTa Tw MougouAUdvu Todundwy, Evavtl mg TAsIovérnTas Tw Xpiotiavioy Todundwv. MapaAAnaa de, AdyW yerrvidaEws KalGUVOIGAAGYINY YE TOUS EKiTETGpoUs («AABavoUG»), ETIKPGTHOE Ka! TO TOTIKS YAWOOIKO kIMETapIKo 1iwya. FUpw oto 1430 (KardAnyn Iwavvivwy aré Tous ToUpkous), TOAAo XpioTiavo! T¢ TepIoxn¢ efiohapiZovran, uTToKUTTOVTAG GE didgopa SeAEdopaTa, UAIKG Ka! SioKNTIKE (STW 01 KaAOUHEvoI mrelta ZraXHSeEs) GAAG TIPO TravTWWW OTHY ao@UKTK| THleEoN KUPIWG YETd THY aroruxia Tou Kivuatog tou Emioxérou Tpixkng (TpiKéAW) Alovuciou @iAcGd@oU fh TIEPIPPOVNTIKLIG ATT TOUS EXBPOUG TOU «EKUAOGOGOUD (11-12/FeTTT. 1611). Npoomd8eiec yia thy avaKorr Tou peydAou auToU pedpatoc Tou eficAauIGLOU EKTOS Twv GAAwy (0 ApuivourréAEws Zopiavéc 1672-1770 — 0 MooxorroAitns NeKTépioc Téprtoc), Exave kal o E6vowdprupac Aylog Koopdc 0 AtTwAéc,'o orroiog Kal vaptépnoe To oToKaAiKévrao! (Kolkondas), uetagy @iépl (Fier) Kai Avrimrdtpeiac (Berat) tng Bopeiou Hrreipou, orig 24-8-1779. O1 MpooTrdBeles yia MPOGNAUTIGNS EvTd@nKaV Thy TEpIoSo 1740-80, dtaV TrOAAO! Twv EMnvwv efiohapioBnkav yia va ny apTdgouv tig Treplougies Tous EKiTETdpOVAABavoi «kOpior» (urréndec/bey) Me tov rpdtro_auré, Snwioupyij@nke n_wiKoA YoucouAyavikh yElovéTntTa_tm¢ Toauoupié¢ omy OcoTowria, ue Kabapd OOwpaviKi QUAETIKR GuvEldNOn, O1 Todynd_eg poucouApdvor tc Oeorpwriag HTav aToyovo! Twv avwrépw efwpordiv. O1 weyaAo! Eknretépor Krqyaties Kar o1 EmaxsSe¢ (—prTrTol, yloBo~spo!) Trou eixav EykataoTa@ei omnv CeoTrpwria amd To 1700, efavayKdZovtai va eficAauIoBouv, yia va Siarnpricouv Ta Tiudpid Tous, agIwBEvTES TOU TitAOU «uTFENdEG», KANDOVONIKUG. ToUTOUS aTTO WUXOAOYIKO EEaVaYKGCHO LIUAENKav Kal o1 PTUWXoI KOAIyO!. H aAAayn BpnoKepatos Synge TOAU ypryopa Kal OTHV UETACTPO@A tH¢ EBVIKTIC Guveibcews, Eyivav OSwyavoAdyKoll«ToupKaABavoi» Kal pavarikol ioKtes Tw Pupniov. ToUTo waprupE! ot! n Op8dSo§N Mim aroreAe! Eva 1oXUPSTATO GTOIXEIo TNS EBVIKAS JAC TauTomtos, ‘Erol otyd-oiyd, amréBahav Kd8€ Ti To EAANVIK6V Kal n ovopacia «Todung»Katavinoe GuvwvuEN TOU Trovnpod, TOU avelAKpIvoUs, Tou diicTou. ApXicav va uTTOBAETOUV To XPIOTIGVIKO GTOIXe!0, Va GXOvraI ToUTO Kal va CnTOUV Thy EEOvTWaH} TOU. Extote © Opoc «Todyndec efeidiKeVOnKE Ge «XpIoTIavods Todundegy Kal «Movooududvoug Todyndeg», ue emixpatéotepn, UdAloTa, KaTd ThY TdOSO Tou xpdvou, Kal ty mAh opohoyia «Todunc», oToug MougouAudvous Todyndes. Enel o1 MougovAydvoi autoi, agi Kal Me EddxloTous Aydbec Kai Mméndec exe OOwpavotc, Taurio®nkay oxed6v YE Tous o[oBprcKoUG Tous KaTaKTNTé<, YI! GUTS oVvo[dcOnKaV Toupkorodundec, omg avriaroixa Kal o1 yeitovés TOUS eixav OvoHaaBE! «ToupKaABavoin, B/. H yAWooa Twv Todundwv Thv TpwIn Tepiob0 EXP! Tov 190 aiva, n oUVrpITTTIK TAeloveTnTa Tw Eichauiouevwv kaToikwy mS OeoTpwTiag ACUTE [Ovo ThV EAANVIKA yAwoou.O1 sbiohapioBEvres auTo! XpioTiavoi, diatrpnoay my EAAviKA YAWooa Kal CULTABoUGaY TOUS Xplotiavous kaToiKous, UE TOUS oTToIoUs GUVdEovTaV Kal LE SEOUG QUAETIKN}S GUYyEVElAG Me hv TGp050 Tou xpdvou o1 oXéTEIG TOUS LE TOUS EKITETaPOUC/AABaVoUs jiTENdEC (yaioxriHovec) Trou eixav dn eficAauIOBE;, Tous avayKacav va YdOouV Kal mv EkiTETdpikn/AABavikh yAWood, TV oTToIay Kai VIOBEMTAV, BNUloUPYuVTAS TaUTOXpove JIG Trapa6okn voorportia Trovnpidc, cuKo@avTiKis diaBEcEWS Kai UOXENpiac. O1 OBwyavo-Toupkoradyndes autoi, ye my Luver|kn rwv AGnvwv (1913) Mpootaredovral cay (BpnaxeUTIKA) HOUCOUALAVIKH HEIovéTnTa, Eve KaTéoTnGAY ‘EAANVES ‘Me evrohf tou OrkoupeviKod Marplapxeiou, 0 KripuKAG Kal E8VoGpTUpAG KoaLG 0 AiTWASC Sexlvnoe mepiobeles eviox¥oews Tou xpioriaviKOU aTOIXE(oU, xdpIC ATIC OTTOleC ATTOMEUXANKE TIAAONG eflTAAHICHOS. [1 aUTd, To 1779 KaTnyopANKE Kai WapTUpNeE. 2UTTAKOO!, apOU Tov beBpoudpio Tou 1913 EAEUBEPWENKE N HTEIpOG ams Tov OBwpaviKd Guy6. MExpI TéTe, Fray OBwyavoi uTT}KOO!, Ths OBwyaviKls AuToKpaTopias. Efyav Sika toug oxoAia yia ty exyd@non T¢ yAWooNS TOUS Kal TeUevn, OTA oTToiA didaoKav o1 XorZdBec, Trou eTAnpwWvovTO AITO To EAANVIKO Anydato Kard toug BaAkavixoug TroAéuoug 1912-1913 mporraydvéa mo Avorplac GTpaToAdynE TOAAOUG TIpaKTOpES [WETAEY Twv TodyNdWy, Tous oTPOIOUG eKivnoE KaTd TOU EAAnvIoHOU. Arr 101924 01 Tadyndec dpxicav va TpocaPLOCoUV Thy OBwYaViKr cUveldnor TOUS TIPO THY EKITTETAPIKN TOU VEooUOTATOU KPGTOUG ths AABaviaG, oTFSTE Yia TIpuTN wd avakivi@nke Zhrnya AABaviKiic uslovdtnTac. yi. TAn@uowiaxr KaTaypagr Twv Todundwy Me Bacon hv aroypagh Tou 1928, to TuRUa tng Hrreipou evré¢ tng EAAGBog elxe GuVOAKd TAn@uGHO 312,634, ard Tous orroioUs 14.008cABav6pwvo!r MougouApévor (8.593 dvbpec Kai 5.415 yuvaikes). O1 MougouAudvo! Zoucav pe Tous Xplatiavous ydAAov eipnvixd, Ze vnyovio Trou Eixav uTPOBGAe! MougouAydvo! tng OeoTrpwriag oTnV EAANVIKA KuBépvnon ty 18 OeBpouapiou 1926 ovicav: «MiGavids eiuaote aABaveguvo! Kal MoucoUALAvoI To Bprickeupa, GAA ATT To EuTUXés ET0¢ Tw EVOOEWV YEYoVoTWY TOU 1912-13 ElyiaaTe ETions TOAiTES ING EAAGBOGn. Kal o1 5UO kolvémres uTéoTnGAV YEyGAN OIKOVOLIKr) Chula To 1924, drav emIBAONKe aTraAAOTpiWGN Tw heydhwy KAFpwv Kal TIPGpiwV yid EyKaTdoTAGN HEHOVULEVWV GKANPUW TrPOG@EYWY ars Th Mikpd Agia. To Hétpo UTTAPEE oIKOVOUIK KATAGTPOGIKS EE ioOU Kal yia XpIoTIavoUS Kal yid Moucouhpyavous. ATré Tou TehEuTaious, 6uWw<, agaIpEBnKe TOAU TepIoGSTepn yn, ETEIOH loTOpIKd Elxav OTHY KATOXH TOUS LEYAAUTEPOUG Kall TIO EPOPOUS YEWPYIKOLG KAFPOUC. Me Bdon mv teAeuTaia mporroAepiK aTroypagri Th¢ 16 OKTwBpiou 1940, omy EAAdéa KaToIkoUoav —16.890EKiTrerapspWVOVAABavéguvel MougouAudvol. Exté¢ — Hmeipou, arreypdpnoay 612 oTov voud OecoaAoviknc, 337 atov MAwpivnc, 217 ctov Kepxupac Kal 196 tov Podérmns, Karroia crorxeia yia tv arroypagr aur Sev uTTGpXoUY, eTEIdA To umroupyeio Eowrepixusv dev mpOdaBe va errefepyaode! Aa Ta Sedouéva, AOyw tN ITaAIKAAS e1oBoAnc. Amd GAAe¢ mpoKatapxtixés KaTaypagés Tou AuyovoTou 1940, @aiveral én ol MousouApdvoi tng OeoTrpwriag Foav Alyétepo! aT 12.000 Kal avrimpoowrtEUaV 20% Tou GUVOAIKOU TANSUOHOU TOU VOLOU, TOU avepxérav ot 56.734. O1 UrTAONTO! Tadundeg mS Hrteipou diéuevav ora TpoavagEpopEva XwpId TwV VoL lwaVvvivwV Kal MpeBEtnc. Kara THY aTroypagy Tou 1951, 0 TrAn6vopc Tou VoHOU KaTéBnKe GE 47.299 (-16,6%). EUpwva ye mv arroypagh, LETd THY OpIOTIKA aTTOUEKPUVON TOU TepYaViKOU Erpatou aré thy ‘Hmrelpo Kai THY uaZikh Siaguyh Twv Todpndwy omy AABavia,omy EAAGoa Trapéueivav povo 487 aABavépwvor MougouApdvol. H pciwon eivai oUyKpITIKd IKpA, EGV UTTOAOYIGBouV Téd0 O1 aTUdAEleS ATT TOAEUIKES evépyeles (BY Maykéopiog Kal FupyoprroméAeyos), Telva Kal ol oTEpHaEic, o1 KaKEC ouvOrikes uyleiviis Kal n WeTavdoTeUoN, Hag Ue TH NAZIKA aTTOXWPNON Twv Todyndwv. O loxupicyds 611 arr6 my EAAGSa eKOuXOnkav 30-35,000 «Todpndwv» xarappéet amd Ta dedopEéva Twv arroypagidv Tou 1928 Kai Tou 1940, a@goU o apIeUss Tw aABaVvoguvwv omy EAAdda Sev urepéBn GuvOAKd TroTé Tic 17.000. Kararrinrel, evtions, edv e€erao8ei ce cuvduaap6 Ye THY GAN SrAwor} Tous 611 To 1944 «Bodopoviankay 4.000 Todundec» ard tous EhAnves. E€erd¢ovrac ra GuyKpImiKa oToIxeia Tou TANBUGHOL, eTGgs 1945 Kal 2011, o MAN®UBUSs TNG AABaviag aUERANKE TpEI Popes Kal, oGpowva YE Thy AieOvl TpdTreCa, To 2016 uTTOAYIZéraV Ge 2,876 exaToyUpIa. Edv To 1944 aTroxwpnoay Trepirou 10-15.000 Todndec, Sev propel To cUvoAD Tw Trepitrou 70.000 pw, Tou to Koya PDIU tou Ivrpizi EhaBe otic eKAOYES Tou 2017 Kal avTITpoGUTTEbE! 4% Tou TAN@UGHOU Tn¢ XwWpaG, va Eval aTPOyovO! TouG, yiati Tote o1 Todundec aUEK@NKav Kara 5- 8 gopés. ATTAG, AdyW Tw UIKTHV yapWwV Eval GBUVaTO va EAEYXBEI OE TrOIO apIOLS avépxovtai o1 Trpayparixoi arréyovor Twv Todundwv, Trou diépuyav to 1944. H avayvwpion TNS EAAGSoG aTrd EAANViKG E€va SikaaTApIA WwW TéTrOU yévynons opioLevwv 3