hypothesis In science, a h

​ ypothesis​ is an idea or 

explanation that you then test through 
study and experimentation. 

variable An independent ​variable​ is defined as 

the v
​ ariable​ that is changed or controlled

independent variable  A ​dependent variable​ is what you 

measure in the experiment and what is 
affected during the experiment.

dependent variable A ​dependent variable​ is the ​variable 

being tested and measured in a 
scientific​ experiment. It is sometimes 
called the responding ​variable

controlled variable  The ​control variable​ (or ​scientific 

constant) in scientific experimentation is 
the experimental element which is 
constant and unchanged t

model (as pertaining to science) In ​science​, a m

​ odel is​ a representation 
of an idea, an object or even a process or 
a system that i​ s​ used to describe and 
explain phenomena 

theory A set of statements or principles devised 

to explain a group of facts or 
phenomena. Most ​theories​ that a​ re 
accepted by scientists have

law (as pertaining to science) A ​scientific law​ always applies under the 
same conditions, and implies that there 
is a causal relationship involving its 
elements