RESULT FROM THE EXPERIMENT

Temperature Time Volume Volume of Volume Mole of Mole of Concentration

of Quenching of HCl HCl NaOH of NaOH
Titration HCl Reacted Reacted Unreacted Unreacted
NaOH Unreacted with with in Sample with Et(Ac),
(mL) with NaOH NaOH in (mol) CA
NaOH in in Sample (mol/L)
Sample Sample (mol)
(mL) (mL)
1 12.1 4.84 5.16 0.00129 0.00129 0.0258
5 12.2 4.88 5.12 0.00128 0.00128 0.0256
10 12.4 4.96 5.04 0.00126 0.00126 0.0252
30
15 12.5 5.00 5.00 0.00125 0.00125 0.0250
20 12.7 5.08 4.92 0.00123 0.00123 0.0246
25 12.9 5.16 4.84 0.00121 0.00121 0.0242
1 13.2 5.28 4.72 0.00118 0.00118 0.0236
5 13.3 5.32 4.68 0.00117 0.00117 0.0234
10 13.5 5.40 4.60 0.00115 0.00115 0.0230
40
15 13.6 5.44 4.56 0.00114 0.00114 0.0228
20 13.8 5.52 4.48 0.00112 0.00112 0.0224
25 14.0 5.60 4.40 0.00110 0.00110 0.0220
1 14.1 5.64 4.36 0.00109 0.00109 0.0218
5 14.3 5.72 4.28 0.00107 0.00107 0.0214
10 14.3 5.72 4.28 0.00107 0.00107 0.0214
50
15 14.5 5.80 4.20 0.00105 0.00105 0.0210
20 14.8 5.92 4.08 0.00102 0.00102 0.0204
25 14.9 5.96 4.04 0.00101 0.00101 0.0202
Table 1: At temperature 30℃

Time Volume of NaOH CA 1/CA

(min) used for titration (mol/L) (L/mol)
(ml)
1 12.1 0.0258 38.7600
5 12.2 0.0256 39.0625
10 12.4 0.0252 39.6825
15 12.5 0.0250 40.0000
20 12.7 0.0246 40.6504
25 12.9 0.0242 41.3223

Graph of 1/CA vs Time

41.5000
y = 0.1054x + 38.577
41.0000 R² = 0.9895
40.5000
1/CA

40.0000

39.5000

39.0000

38.5000
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
Time (minute)
Table 2 : At temperature 40℃
Time Volume of NaOH CA 1/CA
(min) used for titration (mol/L) (L/mol)
(ml)

1 13.2 0.0236 42.3729

5 13.3 0.0234 42.7350
10 13.5 0.0230 43.4783
15 13.6 0.0228 43.8596
20 13.8 0.0224 44.6429
25 14.0 0.0220 45.4545

Graph of 1/CA vs Time

46.0000
45.5000 y = 0.1268x + 42.151
45.0000 R² = 0.9892

44.5000
1/CA

44.0000
43.5000
43.0000
42.5000
42.0000
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
Time (minute)
Table 3 : At temperature 50℃
Time Volume of NaOH CA 1/CA
(min) used for titration (mol/L) (L/mol)
(ml)

1 14.1 0.0218 45.8716

5 14.3 0.0214 46.7290
10 14.4 0.0212 47.1698
15 14.5 0.0210 47.6190
20 14.8 0.0204 49.0196
25 14.9 0.0202 49.5050

Graph of 1/CA vs Time

50.0000
49.5000 y = 0.1527x + 45.645
R² = 0.9498
49.0000
48.5000
48.0000
1/CA

47.5000
47.0000
46.5000
46.0000
45.5000
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
Time (minute)
SAMPLE OF CALCULATION
To calculate CA at 30˚C and 1 min

1. 𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑢𝑛𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑒𝑑 𝑞𝑢𝑒𝑛𝑐ℎ𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝐻𝐶𝑙,

𝐶𝑁𝑎𝑂𝐻
𝑉1 = × 𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑡𝑖𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑑 𝑁𝑎𝑂𝐻
𝐶𝐻𝐶𝑙
𝑚𝑜𝑙
0.1 𝐿
𝑉1 = × 12.1 𝑚𝐿 = 4.84 𝑚𝐿
𝑚𝑜𝑙
0.25
𝐿
2. 𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝐻𝐶𝑙 𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑒𝑑 𝑤𝑖𝑡ℎ 𝑁𝑎𝑂𝐻 𝑖𝑛 𝑠𝑎𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑒,

𝑉2 = 𝑉𝐻𝐶𝑙 − 𝑉1
𝑉2 = 10 𝑚𝐿 − 4.84 𝑚𝐿 = 5.16 𝑚𝐿

3. 𝑀𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝐻𝐶𝑙 𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑒𝑑 𝑤𝑖𝑡ℎ 𝑁𝑎𝑂𝐻 𝑖𝑛 𝑠𝑎𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑒, 𝑛1 = 𝐶𝐻𝐶𝑙 × 𝑉2

𝑚𝑜𝑙 1𝐿
𝑛1 = 0.25 × 5.16 𝑚𝐿 × = 1.29 × 10−3 𝑚𝑜𝑙
𝐿 1000 𝑚𝐿
4. 𝑀𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑢𝑛𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑒𝑑 𝑁𝑎𝑂𝐻 𝑖𝑛 𝑠𝑎𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑒, 𝑛2 = 𝑛1

𝑛2 = 1.29 × 10−3 𝑚𝑜𝑙

𝑛
5. 𝐶𝑜𝑛𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑜𝑓 𝑢𝑛𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑒𝑑 𝑁𝑎𝑂𝐻, 𝐶𝑁𝑎𝑂𝐻 = 𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 2𝑠𝑎𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑒

1.29 × 10−3 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝑚𝑜𝑙

𝐶𝑁𝑎𝑂𝐻 = = 0.0258
0.05 𝐿 𝐿
1 1
= = 38.760
𝐶𝐴 0.0258

6. 𝑆𝑡𝑒𝑎𝑑𝑦 𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑡𝑒 𝑓𝑟𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑠𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑜𝑓 𝑁𝑎𝑂𝐻

𝐶𝐴 = 𝐶𝐴𝑜 − 𝐶𝐴

𝐶𝐴 = 𝐶𝐴𝑜 (1 − 𝑋𝐴 )

𝐶𝐴
𝑋𝐴 = 1 −
𝐶𝐴𝑜

𝑚𝑜𝑙
0.0258 𝐿
=1−
𝑚𝑜𝑙
0.1
𝐿

= 0.742
Temperature Time Conversion of NaOH, XA
(°C) (minute)

30 1 0.7420
5 0.7440
10 0.7480
15 0.7500
20 0.7540
25 0.7580
40 1 0.7640
5 0.7660
10 0.7700
15 0.7720
20 0.7760
25 0.7800
50 1 0.7820
5 0.7860
10 0.7860
15 0.7900
20 0.7960
25 0.7980
Further calculations has been done to obtain value of rate constant of the reaction and the activation
energy.

7. Concentration of NaOH reacted with Et(Ac)

𝐶𝑁𝑎𝑂𝐻,𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑒𝑑 = 𝐶𝐴𝑜 − 𝐶𝐴
𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝑚𝑜𝑙
= 0.1 − 0.0258
𝐿 𝐿

8. Concentration of NaOH reacted with Et(Ac)

𝐶𝑁𝑎𝑂𝐻,𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑒𝑑 = 𝐶𝐴𝑜 − 𝐶𝐴
𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝑚𝑜𝑙
= 0.1 − 0.0258
𝐿 𝐿

9. Mole of Et(Ac) reacted with NaOH

𝑛𝐸𝑡(𝐴𝑐),𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑒𝑑 = 𝑛𝑁𝑎𝑂𝐻,𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑒𝑑
= 0.00371 𝑚𝑜𝑙

10. Concentration of Et(Ac) reacted with NaOH in sample

𝑛𝐻𝐶𝑙,𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑒𝑑
𝐶𝐸𝑡(𝐴𝑐),𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑒𝑑 =
𝑉𝑠𝑎𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑒 𝑐𝑜𝑙𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑒𝑑

0.00371 𝑚𝑜𝑙
= 0.05 𝐿

𝑚𝑜𝑙
= 0.0742
𝐿

11. Concentration of Et(Ac) unreacted with NaOH, CB

𝐶𝐵 = 𝐶𝐵𝑜 − 𝐶𝐵
𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝑚𝑜𝑙
= 0.1 − 0.0742
𝐿 𝐿
𝑚𝑜𝑙
= 0.0258
𝐿
By plotting graph of 1/CA vs time and from the gradient of the graph, we can obtained the rate constant of
the reactions and the rate constant of the reaction for every temperature can be determine. The design
equation of batch reactor which is:
𝑑𝐶𝐴
= 𝑘𝐶𝐴 𝐶𝐵
𝑑𝑡
The equation can be reduced as below:
𝑑𝐶𝐴
= 𝑘𝐶𝐴 2
𝑑𝑡

By integrating dCA and dt, the equation becomes

1 1
− = 𝑘𝑡
𝐶𝐴 𝐶𝐴 𝑜
1 1
= 𝑘𝑡 +
𝐶𝐴 𝐶𝐴 𝑜

By applying Arrhenius equation as well as plotting the graph of ln k vs 1/T, the activation energy for the
reaction between NaOH and Et(Ac) can be determined.
−𝐸
𝑘 = 𝐴𝑒 𝑅𝑇
−𝐸
ln 𝑘 = ln 𝐴 + ln 𝑒 𝑅𝑇
𝐸 1
𝑙𝑛𝑘 = − ( ) + ln 𝐴
𝑅 𝑇

At 30°C of 1 minute, the gradient is equivalent to

𝐸
− = −1815.1
𝑅

𝐸
− = −1815.
8.314
𝐸 = 15090.74 J/mol