Assignment -1

Set-1
Q1. Consider a system with 80% hit ratio, 50 nano-seconds time to search the associative registers,
750 nano-seconds time to access memory.
Find the time to access a page
a. When the page number is in associative memory.
b. When the time to access a page when not in associative memory.
c. Find the effective memory access time.

Q2. Virtual memory system has 6k words of address space and 3k words of memory space. Page
references are made by CPU in following sequence:
3, 2, 0, 3, 4, 1, 2, 2, 0
Find out the pages that are available at the end if the replacement algorithm used is
(a) LRU (b) FIFO Assume the page and block size of 1k words.

Q3. Discuss the following terms:

1. Microcode
2. Micro-program
3. Microinstruction

Q4. Briefly discuss the role of micro-program sequencer.

Set-2
Q1. The access time of a cache memory is 120 ns and that of main memory 900 ns. It is estimated
that 80% of the memory requests are for read and remaining 20% for write. The hit ratio for read
access only is 0.9. A write-through procedure is used.
(i) What is the average access time of the system considering only memory real cycles?
(ii) What is the hit ratio taking in to consideration the write cycle?
(iii) What is the average access time of the system for both read and write requests.

Q2. Explain the following:

a) Address Space
b) Memory space
c) Paging
d) Associative memory
e) Programmed I/O

Q3. Describe the advantages of interrupt initiated i/o over programmed i/o with suitable diagrams.

Q4. Associative memory take as what scenario in memory?

Set-3
Q1. In a two-level memory hierarchy, if the cache has an access time of ns and main memory has
an access time of 60ns, what is the hit rate in cache required to give an average access time of
10ns?

Q2. Illustrate the concept of following:

a)Locality of reference
b) Mapping
c) Control memory
d) Write through cache
e) Write back cache

Q3. Does a basic computer handle an interrupt? Explain what happens during the interrupt with
the help of an example.

Q4. In microinstruction what format you check?