Basics of English Grammar

Sentence Structure: Subject + Auxiliary + Verb

Subjects: I, We, You, He, She, They, It, That, Giri

Auxiliary: do, does, did, is, am, are, was, were, has, have, had, will, shall, would, should

Verb: All actions. Verb1 = Present Tense, Verb2= Past Tense, Verb3= Past Perfect

Present Tense
അവൻ എഴുതു ു Simple Present
This tense denotes a permanent truth, habitual action, imperative & exclamatory
He writes, They write do, does + verb
അവൻ എഴുതുകയാ Present Continuous
To show an action going on at the moment
He is writing, They are writing is, am, are + verb + ing
അവൻ എഴുതിയി ് Present Perfect
To express an action that has just finished
To express a past action the results of which are still felt or observed
He has written, They have written
has, have + verb3
I have worked in this office for 2 years
അവൻ എഴുതിെ ാ ിരി ുകയാ Present Perfect Continuous
To show an action which began in the past and is still continuing
He has been writing, They have been writing has, have + been + verb + ing

Past Tense
അവൻ എഴുതി Simple Past
To denote an action that occurred in the past
He wrote, They wrote did + verb2
അവൻ എഴുതുകയായിരു ു Past Continuous
To show the continuity of a past action
To denote an action that was continuing when another action took place
He was writing, They were writing
was, were + verb + ing
It was raining so the match stopped
അവൻ എഴുതീയി ായിരു ു Past Perfect
It is used to indicate the earlier of two actions. The later action is indicated by the simple part
He had written, They had written
had + verb3
The train had left by the time I reached the station
അവൻ എഴുതിെ ാ ിരി ുകയായിരു ു Past Perfect Continuous
Shows an action which started sometime in the past and continued without break till a latter point of time in the
past when something happened
He had been writing, They had been writing
had + been + verb + ing
I had been reading for hours before he came

Future Tense
അവൻ എഴുതും Simple Future
He will write, They will write will + verb
അവൻ എഴുതുകയായിരി ും Future Continuous
He will be writing, They will be writing will + be + verb + ing
അവൻ എഴുതിയി ാകും Future Perfect
He will have written, They will have written will + have + verb3
അവൻ എഴുതിെ ാ ിരി ുകയായിരി ും Future Perfect Continuous
He will have been writing, They will have been writing will + have + been + verb + ing