Present Perfect Tense

&

Past Perfect Tense

 What is Perfect?

In Latin, "perfect" means completed.

An example of the perfect tense is: “I have read the book.”
The action is complete in regards to present.
An example of the imperfect tense is: “I was reading the book when the phone rang.”
The action here is incomplete. That does not mean that the speaker did not finish the
book. It just means that at the time the speaker is describing, the action was not
completed.
PRESENT PERFECT TENSE
briefly
 Definition of the present perfect tense
The present perfect is used to indicate a link between the present and the
past. The time of the action is before now but not specified, and we are
often more interested in the result than in the action itself.

“sudah”
The present perfect is used to describe
An action or situation that started in the past and
continues in the present. An action performed during a period that
has not yet finished. 
I have lived in Bristol since 1984 (= and I still do.)
She has been to the cinema twice this week.
(= and the week isn't over yet.)
A repeated action in an unspecified period between
the past and now. 

We have visited Portugal several times.

An action that was completed in the very
recent past, expressed by 'just'. 
An action when the time is not important. 
I have just finished my work.
He has read 'War and Peace’.
(= the result of his reading is important)
 Structure:
Affirmative Negative
I have walked I haven't walked
You have walked You haven't walked.
He, she, it has walked He, she, hasn't walked
We have walked We haven't walked
You have walked You haven't walked
They have walked They haven't walked
Subject + has/have + Verb 3
Interrogative
Have I walked?
Have you walked?
Has he, she, it walked?
Have we walked?
Have you walked?
Have they walked?
PAST PERFECT TENSE
briefly
 Functions of the past perfect
The past perfect refers to a time earlier than before now. It is used to
make it clear that one event happened before another in the past. It does
not matter which event is mentioned first - the tense makes it clear which
one happened first.
 STRUCTURE Subject + HAD + Verb 3
In these examples, Event A is the event that happened first and Event B
is the second or more recent event:
Event A Event B
John had gone out when I arrived in the office.
Event A Event B
I had saved my document before the computer crashed.
Event B Event A
When they arrived we had already started cooking.
Event B Event A
He was very tired because he hadn't slept well.
Let’s practice!
 Answer these!

Mas Herman Egi

+ Have you had your breakfast?
+ What movies have you watched?
+ Make one sentence with: “lost”
+ Have you got your lunch?
+ What places that you have
visited?
+ Make one sentence with:
“found”
 Vocabularies

Mas Herman Egi

abbreviation singkatan compact padat
flattered tersanjung oppressive menindas
flabbergasted sangat heran overwhelmed kewalahan
scam penipuan stingy pelit
surreal seperti cencor
mimpi privilege hak istimewa
cencor
preach kotbah noise suara bising
condemn mengutuk guilty bersalah
lavish mewah savage kejam
meticulous sangat detail vice versa dan sebaliknya
Use vs Wear Lend vs Borrow