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Wausau Window and Wall Systems
is an architectural business unit of
Apogee Enterprises Setting the standard for performance,
craftsmanship and ease of installation,
(Stock symbol APOG on the NASDAQ exchange)
Wausau's engineering and design
professionals ensure each building gets
the window system that is right for its
needs – from pre-engineered, durable
windows to customized, blast-
mitigating curtainwall, from historically
accurate replacements to sustainable-
designed, sun control systems.
Wausau Window and Wall Systems is a Registered Provider with The American Institute of Architects
Continuing Education Systems. Credit earned on completion of this program will be reported to CES
Records for AIA members. Certificates of Completion for non-AIA members available on request.
Learning Objectives
1. Recognize and differentiate between different types of aluminum curtainwall.
2. Understand design parameters for curtainwall anchorage to the building, to ensure
ease of installation, movement accommodation, and structural integrity.
3. Optimize energy efficiency and thermal performance of curtainwall.
4. Learn how to mitigate blast hazards through curtainwall design.
5. Design for seismic movements and induced inertial loads.
6. Learn how curtainwall impacts building LEED® certification.
Section One
Curtainwall Types
Curtainwall Types
In strictest architectural parlance, a
“curtainwall” is any non-load-bearing
exterior wall that hangs (like a curtain)
from the face of floor slabs, regardless of
construction or cladding material.
However, in common usage, the term
curtainwall usually refers to aluminum-
framed systems carrying glass, panels,
louvers, or occasionally, granite or marble.
Typical Performance:
Air less than 0.06 cfm per sqft at 1.57 psf
6 to 8 psf Water Test Pressure
Stick Wall
“Stick” curtainwall systems are shipped
in pieces for field-fabrication and/or
assembly. These systems can be
furnished by the manufacturer as “stock
lengths” to be cut, machined, assembled,
and sealed in the field, or “knocked
down” parts pre-machined in the factory,
for field-assembly and -sealing only.
Typical Performance:
Air less than 0.06 cfm per sqft at 6.24 psf
8 to 10 psf Water Test Pressure
I-Beam Walls Once very popular, “I-Beam” walls have
seen market penetration decrease.
Typical Performance:
Air less than 0.06 cfm per sqft at 6.24 psf
8 to 10 psf Water Test Pressure
Pressure Walls Many stick curtainwalls are called
“pressure walls,” because exterior
extruded aluminum plates are screw-
applied to compress glass between
interior and exterior bedding gaskets. A
snap-on cover or “beauty cap” is then
used to conceal pressure plate fasteners.
Typical Performance:
Factory-assembled and factory–
Air less than 0.06 cfm per sqft at 6.24 psf
glazed under controlled conditions.
12 to 15 psf Water Test Pressure
Units are hung from the floor above
on pre-set anchors.
Unitized Walls (continued)
Structural Design
Building Movements
Anchorage
Dead Load Anchors
Energy Efficiency
Thermal Performance
U-Factor
There are three basic thermal performance
parameters for wall systems. Expectations
for curtainwall performance are listed on
each of the following slides.
Other Performance
Parameters
Other Performance Parameters
Acoustics
In addition to basic air, water, structural,
and thermal performance, certain sites and
occupancies require other characteristics.
Sustainable Design
Sustainable Design
Summary
A Final Word… Selection and design criteria almost always
include:
Code Compliance
Structural Integrity
Weather-ability
Energy Efficiency
Condensation Resistance
Balanced Design Building Movements
Ventilation and Cleaning Access
Curtainwall selection Sustainable Design
and design should be Durability
based on all Cost
applicable criteria, not Aesthetics
on any specific single …and on some projects, also:
number rating system.
Emergency Egress
Hurricane Impact
Psychiatric Detention
Blast Hazard Mitigation
Noise Control
Seismic Movements
Smoke Evacuation
Nationally recognized for its innovative expertise, Wausau Window and Wall
Systems is an industry leader in engineering window and curtainwall systems
for commercial and institutional construction applications. For more than 50
years, Wausau has worked closely with architects, building owners and
contractors to realize their vision for aesthetic beauty, sustainability and lasting
value, while striving to maintain the highest level of customer service,
communication and overall satisfaction.