JUBILEE CHRISTIAN ACADEMY

JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT

BIOLOGY TRAINING

_____1. Which of the following is a false statement regarding deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)?
A) Each deoxyribonucleic acid molecule is composed of two long chains of nucleotides
arranged in a double helix.
B) Genes are composed of deoxyribonucleic acid.
C) DNA is composed of chemical building blocks called nucleotides.
D) DNA is a code for the sequence of amino acids in a protein.
E) DNA is an enzyme that puts together amino acids to make a protein.

_____2. In order to understand the chemical basis of inheritance, one must understand the
molecular structure of DNA. This is an example of the application of __________ to the
study of biology.
A) evolution
B) emergent properties
C) reductionism
D) the cell theory
E) feedback regulation

_____3. A type of protein critical to all cells is organic catalysts called

A) feedback activators.
B) feedback inhibitors.
C) enzymes.
D) metabolites.
E) nutrients.

_____4. Through time, the lineage that led to modern whales shows a change from four-limbed
land animals to aquatic animals with two limbs that function as flippers. This change is best
explained by
A) natural philosophy.
B) creationism.
C) the hierarchy of the biological organization of life.
D) natural selection.
E) feedback inhibition.

_____5. Through time, the lineage that led to modern whales shows a change from four-limbed
land animals to aquatic animals with two limbs that function as flippers. This change is best
explained by
A) natural philosophy.
B) creationism.
C) the hierarchy of the biological organization of life.
D) natural selection.
E) feedback inhibition.

______6. Polysaccharides, lipids, and proteins are similar in that they

A) are synthesized from monomers by the process of hydrolysis.
B) are synthesized from monomers by dehydration reactions.
C) are synthesized as a result of peptide bond formation between monomers.
D) are decomposed into their subunits by dehydration reactions.
E) all contain nitrogen in their monomer building blocks.

_____7. Which bonds are created during the formation of the primary structure of a protein?
A) peptide bonds
B) hydrogen bonds
C) disulfide bonds
D) phosphodiester bonds
E) A, B, and C

_____8. The α helix and the β pleated sheet are both common polypeptide forms found in which
level of protein structure?
A) primary
B) secondary
C) tertiary
D) quaternary
E) all of the above
_____9. Which of the following uses the amino acid sequences of polypeptides to predict a proteinʹs
three-dimensional structure?
A) X-ray crystallography
B) bioinformatics
C) analysis of amino acid sequence of small fragments
D) NMR spectroscopy
E) high-speed centrifugation

_____10. The function of each protein is a consequence of its specific shape. What is the term used for
a change in a proteinʹs three-dimensional shape or conformation due to disruption of
hydrogen bonds, disulfide bridges, or ionic bonds?
A) hydrolysis
B) stabilization
C) destabilization
D) renaturation
E) denaturation

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