ÒmvwnZ¨ , Kve¨ MÖš’ , bvUK , cÎ cwÎKv , QÙbvg , Dcvwa cÖf…wZ Ó

evsjv‡`k e¨vsK

1| ÔAwgÎvÿiÕ Q‡›`i ˆewkó¨ n‡jv = AšÍ¨wgj _v‡K bv|

2| Avevi Avwme wd‡i avb wmuwowUi Zx‡i Ó = Rxebvb›` `vk|(1899-1954 ,Dcb¨vm gvj¨evb-1973, mZx_©-74, Kj¨vYx-99)
3| Avgvi fvB‡qi i‡³ ivOv‡bv GKz‡k †deªyqvix = Avt Mvd&dvi †PŠayix|
4| Avnmvb nvexe Õ Gi Kve¨ MÖš’ = Avkvi emwZ, Qvqv nwiY, mviv `ycyi, `yB nv‡Z `yB Avw`g cv_i|
5| VvKzigvi Szwj Õ wK RvZxq msKjb = i~cK_v |
6| AvZœNvZx ev½vjx Õ Kvi iwPZ MÖš’ = bxi`P›`ª †PŠayix|
7| Av‡evj - Zv‡evj Ó Kvi †jLv = myKzgvi ivq|
8| Ck¦i P›`ª we`¨vmvM‡ii cvwievwiK c`we = e‡›`vcva¨vq|(1820-18910)
9| KvRx bRiæj iwPZ = †`vjb Pvucv|(Kve¨MÖš-’ 1923/1330)
10| †Kvb Kwe Q‡›`i Rv`yKi bv‡g cwiwPZ = m‡Z¨›`ªbv_ `Ë|
11| KziAvb kix‡di cÖ_g m~ivi bvg = m~iv dv‡Znv|
12| Kei Õ KweZvwU †Kvb Kve¨ MÖ‡š’i = ivLvjx|
13| KvRx bRiæj Bmjvg iwPZ Ôe¨_vi `vbÕ(1922) †Kvb †kÖYxi iPbv = Mí|
14| Ô‡Lvqve bvgv Õ Dcb¨v‡mi iPwqZv †K = AvLZviæ¾vgvb Bwjqvm |
15| Mvwn mv‡g¨i Mvb , aiYxi nv‡Z w`j hviv Avwb dm‡ji digvb = mvg¨ev`x-1925 (KvRx bRiæj Bmjvg)
16| PvPv Kvwnbx Õ †jLK = ‰mq` gyRZev Avjx|
17| PZzi½ = iex›`ªbv‡_i Dcb¨vm |
18| PZzi½ cwÎKvi m¤úv`K †K = ûgvqyb Kwei|
19| Rxeb †_‡K †bqv, ÷c †R‡bvmvBW , †jU †`qvi we jvBU Õ Kvi †jLv = Rwni ivqnvb (‡gvnv¤§` Rwniæjø¨vn)
20| Rvdi BKev‡ji cÖ_g cÖKvwkZ mv‡qÝ wdKkb = K‡cvUªwbK myL `ytL|
21| Zcy‡K Avevi wd‡i cv‡ev , G K_v fz‡jI fvwewb †Kvb w`b = GKz‡ki Mí|
22| †Zvgv‡K cvevi Rb¨ †n ¯^vaxbZv = kvgmyi ivngvb|
23| `nb Kvj Dcb¨vmwU = nwi ksKi Rj`vm|
24| `yw`‡b©i hvÎx Õ MÖ‡š’i iPwqZv = KvRx bRiæj Bmjvg|
25| Ôb`x I bvixÕ - iPwqZv †K = ûgvqyb Kwei|
26| c‡_i `vex-1926 (Dcb¨vm) = kirP›`ª P‡Uªvcva¨vq| (cjøx mgvR-1916 , bvixi g~j¨ -Abxjv †`ex)
27| cÙv b`xi gvwS Õ Kvi †jLv = gvwbK e‡›`vcva¨vq|
28| c`vejxi iwPqZv = iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi|
29| †dvU© DBwjqvg K‡j‡Ri evsjv wefv‡Mi cÖavb Aa¨vcK = DBwjqvg †Kwi| (K‡jRwU Pvjy wQj 1854 ch©šÍ)
30| ga¨hy‡Mi evsjv mvwn‡Z¨i †kÖô Kwe †K = gyKz›` ivg|
31| gnvk¥kvb Õ Kve¨ wU Kvi †jLv = Kvq‡Kvev`| (Kv‡Rg Avj †Kv‡ikx)
32| evsjv fvlvq hwZ wP‡üi cÖPjb K‡ib = Ck¦i P›`ª we`¨vmvMi| (wewewm Rwi‡c-8g)
33| we‡`ªvnx Ó KweZvwU †Kvb Kve¨ MÖ‡š’i = AwMœexYv|
34| ebdzjÕ Kvi QÙbvg = ejvBPvu` gy‡Lvcva¨vq |
35| ee©j ewj hvnv‡`i Mvwj cwoj ÿz`ªgbv , K…c-gÛzK, AmshgxÕi AvL¨v w`qv‡Q hv‡i , -Gi c‡ii jvBb †KvbwU = Zvwi Z‡i
fvB Mvb i‡P hvB , e›`bv Kwi Zv‡i| (Rxeb-e›`bv- KvRx bRiæj Bmjvg)
36| evsjv Kv‡e¨ AwgÎvÿi Q‡›`Õ cÖeZ©b K‡ib †K = gvB‡Kj ga~m~`b `Ë (1824-73) (ag©všÍi 1843, `ËKy‡jv™¢e Kwe)
37| eªReywj Õ ej‡Z wK †evSvq = GKiKg K…wÎg Kwefvlv|
38| ey× †`e emy m¤úvw`Z weL¨vZ cwÎKvi bvg = KweZv Õ 1945 mv‡j|
39| hvnv w`jvg Zvnv DRvi Kwiqv B w`jvg, GLb wdwiqv ZvKvB‡Z †M‡j `ytL nB‡e = ‰ngšÍx|
40| iex›`ªbv_ VvKz‡ii M‡íi bvwqKv = mgvwß-g„b¥qx, †`bv-cvIbv-wbiæcgv, †cv÷gv÷vi-iZb, ga¨ewZ©bx-nimy›`ix I ‰kjdjv|
41| iex›`ªbv_ VvKyi †Kvb mv‡j †bv‡ej cvb =1913 mv‡j|
42| iex›`ªbv_ iwPZ = ivRv, Kíbv, WvKNi, wPiKzgvi mfv|
43| iex›`ªbv_ †bv‡ej †c‡qwQ‡jb = MxZvÄwj-1911|

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44| iex›`ª bv_ VvKzi evsjv KZ mv‡j Rb¥ MÖnY K‡ib = 25 †k ˆekvL,1268 e½v‡ã|
45| †n e½ fvÐv‡i Ze wewea iZb = gvB‡Kj gaym~`b `Ë|(QÙbvg- G †bwUf , Rb¥-‡Kkecyi-mvMi`vuwo , g„Zz¨-Avwjcyi nvmcvZv‡j)|
46| i³ Kiex Õ wK RvZxq MÖš’ = bvUK|
47| ivRe›`xi Revb e›`x Ó-1923 Kvi †jLv = KvRx bRiæj Bmjvg|
48| iex›`ªbv_ VvKz‡ii Kve¨ MÖš’ = †mvbvi Zix, wPÎv, ejvKv, gvbmx|
49| iex›`ªbv_ VvKz‡ii Dcb¨vm = †k‡li KweZv , †Pv‡Li evwj, †Mviv, eD VvKzivbxi nvU|
50| †kK&m ¯úxq‡ii Ó †Uwgs Ae w` kÖy Õi e½vbyev` K‡i‡Qb = gybxi †PŠayix (gyLiv igYx ekxKiY)
51| kvgmyi ivngv‡bi M`¨MÖš’ = ¯§„wZi kni|
52| kirP›`ª P‡Uªvcva¨vq KZ©„K iwPZ = PwiÎnxb, eow`w`, `Ëv, kÖxKvšÍ| (cÖ_g Mí-gw›`i1903, Dcb¨vm-eow`w`-1907)
53| knx`yjv Kvqmv‡ii weL¨vZ MÖš’ = mskßK|
54| kkx I Kzgy` evsjv mvwn‡Z¨I †Kvb weL¨vZ Dcb¨v‡mi PwiÎ| = cyZzj bv‡Pi BwZK_v
55| †mvRb evw`qvi NvU Ó Gi iPwqZv †K = RmxgD`&`xb |
56| †mvbvjx Kvweb - Kve¨ MÖ‡š’i iPwqZv = Avj gvngy`|
57| mvZ mvM‡ii gvwS Õ Kve¨ MÖ‡š’I iPwqZv = diiyL Avng`|
58| myKvšÍ fUªvPvh© g„Zz¨ eiY K‡ib = 21 eQi eq‡m|
59| Ôm‡bUÕ G KqwU csw³ _v‡K = 14wU
60 | nvwm I e¨‡½i bRiæj Kve¨ = cy‡ei nvIqv|
61| nvRvi eQi a‡i = Rwni ivqnvb|

‡mvbvjx e¨vsK wjt

01| Avgvi mšÍvb †hb _v‡K `y‡a fv‡Z Ó - G cÖv_©bv Kvi = Ck¦i cvUbxi (fviZP›`ª ivq ¸YvKi - Abœ`vg½j)
02| †Kvb iPbvi Rb¨ bRiæ‡ji †Rj nq = Avb›`gqxi AvMg‡b|
03| KvRx bRiæj Bmjvg m¤úvw`Z cwÎKv = jv½j |
04| Kei KweZvwU †K wj‡L‡Qb = gybxi †PŠayix|
05| KgjvKv‡šÍi `ßiÕ-1875 †Kvb †kÖYxi iPbv = cÖeÜ| (Bs‡iR mvwnwZ¨K-wW KzbBwmi Ôconfession of on english opium eater
AbyKi‡Y)
06| †KvbwU gvB‡Kj gaym~`b `Ë iwPZ cÎKve¨ = exiv½vbv-1862 (cÖ_g we‡`ªvnx Kwe)|
07| †Kvb cwÐZ Ph©vc‡`i c`¸wj XxKvi gva¨‡g e¨vL¨v K‡ib = gywb`Ë| (evsjv Abyev`K- mybxwZKzgvi)
08| KvRx bRiæj Bmjvg iwPZ bvU¨MÖš’ = wSwjwgwj-1930/1337|
09| †KvbwU ga¨hy‡Mi Kv‡e¨i cÖavb ÎæwU aviv = g½j Kve¨|
10| Ph©vc‡`i cvÐzwjwc †K Avwe¯‹vi(1907) K‡ib = gnvg‡nvcva¨vq nicÖmv` kv¯¿x | (gvÎve„Ë, Mvb, cvj, mnwRqv †eŠ×,
ag©PP©v)
11| Ph©vc‡`i Kwei msL¨v KZRb = 23 Rb|(mev©waK Kvý cv -13, Avw`Kwe-jyBcv-2 , evOvwjKwe- fzmyKz cv -8)
12| PÐx`vk †Kvb hy‡Mi Kwe = ga¨hyM|
13| Rwni ivqnv‡bi iPbv = Av‡iK dvêyb|
14| W. gynv¤§` knx`yj¨vni g‡Z evsjv fvlvi DrcwË †Kvb cÖvK„Z ¯Íi ‡_‡K = †MŠoxq cÖvK…Z |
15| XvKv ‡_‡K cÖKvwkZ cÖ_g MÖ‡š’i bvg = bxj `c©b|
16| bxj-`c©bÕ bvUK †Kv_v †_‡K cÖ_g cÖKvwkZ nq = XvKv †_‡K|
17| cÖ_g evsjv cwÎKv †KvbwU =w`M-`k©b|
18| cv‡Äix Õ KweZvwU †K wj‡L‡Qb = diiæL Avng`|
19| cÂZš¿ Õ MÖš’ wU Kvi iPbv = ˆmq` gyRZev Avjx|
20| cÙveZx Kv‡e¨i †jLK †K = AvjvIj|
21| emšÍ Kzgvix Ó bvUK iPbv K‡i‡Qb †K = gxi gkviid †nv‡mb|(QÙbvg- †MŠoZU evmx gkv, D`vmxb cw_K, MvRx wgqv)
22| †eMg †iv‡Kqv iPbv = cÙivM, gwZPzi, myjZvbvi ¯^cœ|
23| Ôwejvmx Õ MíwU †K wj‡L‡Qb = kirP›`ª |
24| welv` wm›`y Ó Dcb¨v‡mi iPwqZv †K = gxi gkviid †nv‡mb (1847-1911)|
25| exi ej Õ Kvi QÙbv‡g †K wjL‡Zb = cÖg_ †PŠayix |
26| evsjv fvlvi m‡b‡Ui cÖeZ©K †K = gaym~`b `Ë| (cÖ_g Kve¨MÖš’ `¨ K¨vcwUf j¨vwW -1849)
27| evsjv Dcb¨vm mvwnZ¨ avivi cÖwZôvZv cyiæl =ew¼gP›`ª P‡Uªvcva¨vq| (QÙbvg- KgjvKvšÍ, †ckv- †WcywU g¨vwR‡óªU)|

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28| evsjvq wU.Gm. Gwjq‡Ui KweZvi cÖ_g Abyev`K = iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi|
29| evsjv fvlvi cÖ_g mvgwqKx n‡jv = w`M`k©b|
30| evsjv mvwn‡Z¨ Kv‡K ÔQ‡›`i hv`yKiÕ ejv n‡q‡Q = m‡Z›`ªbv_ `Ë|
31| evsjv mvwn‡Z¨ hyM mwÜÿ‡Yi Kwe †K = Ck¦i P›`ª ¸ß|
32| evsjv‡`‡ki iYm½x‡Zi iPwqZv †K = KvRx bRiæj Bmjvg|
33| fvbywmsn Kvi QÙbvg = iex›`ªbv_|
34| gwZPzi,cÙivM, Ae‡ivaevwmbx Ó cÖf„wZ MÖ‡š’I iPwqZv = †eMg †iv‡Kqv mvLvIqvZ †nv‡mb|
35| †gNbv`ea Kve¨ Õ KZ mv‡j cÖKvwkZ nq =1861|
36| gybxi †PŠayix iwPZ ÔKeiÕ †Kvb ai‡bi iPbv = bvUK|
37| g½j Kv‡e¨ KqwU Ask _v‡K = 5wU|
38| iex›`ªbv_ †bv‡ej cvb KZ mv‡j =1913 mv‡j|
39| iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi Zvi †Kvb iPbvwU †bZvwR myfvl P›`ª emy‡K DrmM© K‡i‡Qb = Zv‡mi †`k|
40| iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi iwPZ Ò Avgvi †mvbvi evsjv Ó KweZvi KZ jvBb evsjv‡`‡ki RvZxq m½xZ iæ‡c †bqv n‡q‡Q = 10 jvBb|
41| Ô‡ivwnYx Õ PwiÎwU †Kvb Dcb¨v‡mi = K„òKv‡šÍi DBjª|
42| †k‡li KweZv Ó Dcb¨vm n‡j Ô †kl †jLv Õ wK = Kve¨
43| wkLv Ó cwÎKvwU †Kvb msMV‡bi mv‡_ hy³ wQj = gymwjg mvwnZ¨ mgvR (1972-Aveyj †nv‡mb)
44| kÖx K…òKxZ©b Kvex Õ †K iPbv K‡ib = eo– PÐx`vm|
45| Ò¯^vaxbZv nxbZvq †K evuwP‡Z Pvq = PiYwU Kvi iPbv = i½jvj e‡›`¨vcva¨vq|

AMÖYx e¨vsK wj t
1| Avgv‡`i RvZxq m½xZ Ò Avgvi †mvbvi evsjv Ó G Mv‡bi myi iex›`ªbv_ †Kvb ai‡bi Mv‡bi myi †_‡K wb‡q‡Qb = evDj Mv‡bi |
2| AvBb-B AvKeix Ó Kvi †jLv MÖš’ = Aveyj dRj|
3| †Kvb Kwe GKK fv‡e wZbwU †`‡ki (fviZ, kªxj¼v I evsjv‡`k ) RvZxq m½xZ iPbv K‡i‡Qb = iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi|
4| †Kvb evOvwj bvU¨Kvi evsjv bvU‡Ki cw_K…r = gvB‡Kj ga~my`b `Ë|
5| Pviæ I Agj ÓPwiÎØq iex›`ªbv‡_i †Kvb †QvU M‡íi PwiÎ = bóbxo|
6| mÂwqZv Ó †Kvb Kwei Kve¨ msKjb = iex›`ªbv_ VvKz‡ii|
- = kvgmyi ivngvb|
7| Zzwg Avm‡e e‡j †n ¯^vaxbZv Ó Kvi iPbv
8| `¨v wjev‡ikb Ae evsjv‡`k Ó MÖ‡š’i iPwqZv ‡K = †gRi †Rbv‡ij myLIqvšÍ wms|
9| †`Iqvbv gw`bv Ó †Kvb Kv‡e¨i AšÍM©Z = gqgbwmsn MxwZKv ( gbmyi eqvwZ)|
10| bw›`Z bi‡K Kvi Dcb¨vm = ûgvqyb Avn‡g`|
-

11| c‡_i `vex = ivR‰bwZK Dcb¨vm 1926 (kirP›`ª wbwl× n‡qwQj) (Xvwe †_‡K wWwjU 1936 I KjKvZv †_‡K RvMËvwiYx
- -

1923)
12| ev½vjxi BwZnvm Ó eBwUi †jLK = bxnvi iÄb ivq|
13| evsjv fvlvi cÖvPxbZg wb`k©b = Ph©vc`
14| evsjv M‡`¨i RbK = Ck¦i P›`ª we`¨vmvMi| (26/9/1820 29/7/91) -
15| e¨envi Kvixi msL¨v wePv‡i c„w_ex‡Z evsjv fvlvi ¯’vb KZZg = mßg|
16| †gv‡`i Mie , †gv‡`i Avkv Avgwi evsjv fvlv Gi †jLK - = AZzj cÖmv` †mb|
- Kvi AvuKv = Rqbyj Av‡ew`b|
17| g¨v‡Wvbv 43 Ó wPÎwU
18| gbcyiv 70 wK = wPÎ wkí (Rqbyj Av‡e`xb)|
-

19| †h me e‡½u‡Z Rwb¥ wns‡m e½evYx , †m m‡e Kvnvi Rb¥ wbY©q b Rvwb Ó =Ave`yj nvwKg|
20| †jvK mvwnZ¨ Kv‡K e‡j = †jv‡Ki gy‡L gy‡L cÖPwjZ Kvwnbx, Mvb, Qov BZ¨vw`|
21| †k‡li KweZv (1929) mvwn‡Z¨i †Kvb †kÖYx fz³| = Dcb¨vm (AwgZ , jveY¨ , †KZKx , †kvfb jvj)
22| mv‡is †eŠ Ó Dcb¨v‡mi PwiÎ †KvbwU = bweZzb I K`g mv‡is |
23| mskßK fv®‹h© wU Aew¯’Z = Rvnv½xi wek¦we`¨vjq nvwg`y¾¡vgvb Lvb|
-

24| †m‡Þ¤^i Ab h‡kvi †ivo = KweZvi iPwqZv †K = G¨v‡jb wM‡bmevM©|

-
25| nhiZ gynv¤§` (m) Gi Rxebx MÖš’ = giæ fv¯‹i (1957) Gi iPwqZv
- KvRx bRiæj Bmjvg|
26| ûgvqyb Avn‡g‡`i †Kvb Dcb¨vmwU gyw ³hy× wb‡q †jLv = †Rvr¯œv I Rbbxi Mí|
27| n¨vwi cUvi wK = mv¤úªwZKKv‡j me©vwaK weµxZ GKwU wkï‡Zvl eB|
28 Hybrid | k‡ãi evsjv cwifvlv = m¼i|
29| A Long Walk to freedom’ eBwUi †jLK= †bjmb g¨v‡Ûjv

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30| g¨vw·g †MvwK©(alexi maximovich peshkov) †K wQ‡jb = iæk mvwnwZ¨K| (The lower depths, the mother, children
of the sun, summerfolk)
31| `war and peace’ MÖ‡š’i cÖ‡YZv = wjI Uj÷q|
32| The Audacity of Hope (2006)‘ MÖ‡š’i iPwqZv †K = evivK Ievgvi †jLv wØZxq eB|
33 . Democracy is a government of the people , by the people, for the people’ – Dw³wU Kvi = Aveªvnvg wjsKb|

iƒcvjx e¨vsK

01| AÜ n‡j wK cÖjq eÜ _v‡K cOw³i ¯ªóv = myax›`ªbv_ `Ë (DUcvwL KweZvi)

02| Avgv‡`i †`‡k n‡e †mB †Q‡j K‡e / K_vq bv eo n‡q Kv‡R eo n‡e = Kzmyg Kzgvix `vk (Av`k© †Q‡j)
03|GLb †hŠeb hvi hy‡× hvevi Zvi †kÖô mgqÓ -GB ¯§iYxq cOw³ Kvi = †njvj nvwdR|
04| Kwe P›`ªveZx †Kvb A‡ji = wK‡kvi MÄ|
05| Kv`w¤^bx gwiqv cÖgvY Kwij †h †m g‡i bvB Ó -†Kvb M‡íi = RxweZ I g„Z iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi|
06| †Kvb `yÕRb †jLK evsjv‡`k iv‡óªi evB‡i g„Zz¨eiY K‡ib = i‡Yk `vk ¸ß¨, ûgvqyb Avn‡g`|
07| †Kvb Kve¨ MÖš’wU kvgmyi ingv‡bi †jLv = wbR evmf~‡g, †iŠ`ª K‡ivwU‡Z, weaŸ¯Í bxwjgv , wbiv‡jv‡K w`e¨i_ , evsjv‡`k
¯^cœ †`‡L, cÖwZw`b Ninxb N‡i , D™¢U D‡Ui wc‡U P‡j‡Q ¯^‡`k(1982)|

08| †Kvb Rb ga¨hy‡Mi Kwe = AvjvIj, gvMb VvKzi, Ávb`vm|

09| †KvbwU evsjv‡`‡ki gyw³hy×wfwËK cÖ_g Dcb¨vm = GKwU Kv‡jv †g‡qi K_v (Zvivk¼i e‡›`¨vcva¨vq)|
10| †KvbwU DBwjqvg †kÖ·wcqv‡ii MÖ‡š’i Abyev` = åvwšÍwejvm (Ck¦i P›`ª we`¨vmvMi) comedy of errors Gi e½vbyev`|
11| †KvbwU iex›`ªbv‡_i Dcb¨vm = PZzi½, †Pv‡Li evwj, †Mviv,N‡i-evB‡i, Pvi Aa¨vq, †k‡li KweZv, †bŠKvWzwe, `yB‡evb|
12| †Kvb Kwe‡K ¯^fve Kwe bv‡g AwfwnZ Kiv nq = †Mvwe›`ª P›`ª `vk|
13| †KvbwU nvmvb AvwRRyj nK - Gi Dcb¨vm = Av¸b cvwL , e„Ëvqb, wkDjx, mvweÎx DcvL¨vb|
14| cÙv,‡gNbv,hgybv Ó eBwUi †jLK = AveyRvdi kvgmywÏb |
15| dyj dzUzK Avi bv dzUzK AvR emšÍÓ GB ¯§iYxq PiYwU wj‡L‡Qb = myfvl gy‡Lvcva¨vq|
16| ew¼gP›`ª P‡Uªvcva¨v‡qi Dcb¨vm = ivRwmsn-1882, mxZvivg-87, iRbx-77|
17| emšÍ Kzgvix Ó-1873 bvUKwU iPbv K‡ib = gxi †gvkviid †nv‡mb (Rwg`vi `c©Y-1873 , †eûjvMxZvwfbq-89,Uvbv Awfbq-97)
18| evsjv fvlvi cÖ_g e¨vKiYwe` = g‡bv Gj wW Avm&my¤úvmvug|
19| gvB‡Kj ga~my`b `‡Ëi Kve¨MÖš’ = exiv½vbv , eªRv½vbv †n±iea|
20|iex›`ªbv_ Zvui †Kvb iPbv KvRx bRiæj Bmjvg †K DrmM© K‡ib = emšÍ|
21| iex›`ªbv‡_i †jLv †QvU Mí = j¨ve‡iUwi, AcwiwPZv, gymjgvbxi Mí|
22| kirP›`ª P‡Uªvcva¨vq(kxKvšÍ kvg©v) m„ó bvix PwiÎ = Afqv Abœ`v , ivRjÿx(AvZ¥Rxebx g~jK Dcb¨vm kÖxKvšÍ)
23| mevi Dc‡i gvbyl mZ¨ Zvnvi Dc‡i bvB Ó = PÐx`vm|
24| mZ¨wRr iv‡qi wcZvg‡ni bvg = D‡c›`ªwK‡kvi ivq †PŠayix|
25| mv‡is ‡eŠ Ó eBwUi †jLK = knx`yjøvn Kvqmvi|
26|mvweÎx DcvL¨vb Ó Dcb¨v‡mi iPwqZv = nvmvb AvwRRyj nK|
27| 1899 mv‡j Rb¥MÖnY K‡i‡Qb †Kvb `yÕRb Kwe = KvRx bRiæj Bmjvg 24‡g I Rxebvb›` `vk 17 †deªæqvix, 22/10/54|

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RbZv e¨vsK wjt

01| Amgvß AvZœRxebx Ó MÖ‡š’i †jLK = †kL gywReyi ingvb|

02| Av‡gwiKvb JcbvwmK †nwmsI‡qi Ôw` Iì g¨vb A¨vÛ w` wm Õ MÖ‡š’I e½vbyev` K‡i‡Qb = d‡Zn †jvnvbx|
03| AvaywbK evsjv KweZvi Ô‡fv‡ii cvwLÕ = wenvixjvj PµveZx© (iex›`ªbv_ w`‡qwQ‡jb)
04| GKvˇii w`b¸wjÕ MÖš’ iPbv K‡ib = Rvnvbviv Bgvg|
05| †KvbwU cÖe‡Üi evB = KvjvšÍi (iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi)
06| ÔKv‡ji KjmÕ Kve¨ MÖ‡š’i Kwe = Avj-gvngy`|
07| ÔQvqv nwiY Õ Kvi MÖš’ = Avnmvb nvexe (1917-1985) cÖ_g Kve¨ MÖš’ ivwÎ †kl 1957
08| W. gynv¤§` knx`yjøvn iwPZ MÖš’ = evsjv fvlvi BwZe„Ë (1965)
09| cÖ_vMZ evsjv Q›` Kq cÖKvi = wZb cÖKvi (¯^ie„Ë Q›`, gvÎve„Ë Q›`, Aÿie„Ë Q›`)
10| ˆeKz‡Úi DBj Õ-1920 MÖ‡š’i iPwqZv = kirP›`ª P‡Uªvcva¨vq(1876-1938) QÙbvg 7wU- Awbjv‡`ex, Abyiƒcv †`ex |
11| Ôgw›`i I gmwR` Õ cÖeÜwU wj‡L‡Qb = KvRx bRiæj Bmjvg |
12| wkím¤§Z evsjv M`¨ixwZi RbK wnmv‡e L¨vZ mvwnwZ¨K = Ck¦i P›`ª we`¨vmvMi|
13| mvwnZ¨ m¤ªvU wn‡m‡e Kv‡K AwfwnZ Kiv nq = ew¼gP›`ª P‡Uªvcva¨vq(1838-1894), QÙbvg-KgjvKvšÍ |
14| ÷c‡R‡bvmvBW Õ Kvi †jLv = Rwni ivqnvb|

‡mvbvjx, iƒcvjx, RbZv, AMÖYx|

1| AwgÎvÿi Q‡›`i Avwe¯‹vi †K K‡ib = gaym~`b `Ë| (Bs‡iRx QÙbvg - timothy penpoem)
2| Avuav‡ii MÖvm n‡Z †K Uvwb‡Q Zv‡i|
3| AvqvZzjøvn iæûjøv †Lv‡gwb †Kvb †jLK‡K g„Zy¨`‡Ði ûKzg w`‡qwQ‡jb = mvjgvb iæk`x|
4| AvwR n‡Z kZel© c‡i/ †K Zzwg cwoQ ewm/ Avgvi KweZvLvwb ‡KŠZznjx f‡i|
5| B‡Ëdv‡Ki cÖwZôvZv m¤úv`‡Ki bvg gvwbK wgqv n‡jI cÖK„Z bvg = Zdv¾j †nv‡mb |
6| I‡qj_ Ae b¨vkbm Gi iPwqZv - = A¨vWvg w¯§_|
7| Kei Õ bvUKwUi bvU¨Kvi = gybxi †PŠayix|
8| KvRx bRiæ‡ji cÖ_g (c‡Îvcb¨vm) Dcb¨vm = evuabnviv-1927 (18wU |cÎ, PwiÎ-iv‡eqv, biæj û`v) |
9| KvRx bRiæ‡ji cÖ_g MÖš’ †KvbwU = evD‡Ð‡ji AvZœKvwnbx|( cÖKvk-mIMvZ cwÎKvq-1919/1326)
10| KvRx bRiæj Bmjvg †Kvb cwÎKvi m¤úv`K wQ‡jb = a~g‡KZz (1922)|
11| †KvbwU cÖ_g cÖK…Z evsjv Dcb¨vm = `y‡M©kbw›`bx|
12| †Kvb Kwe‡K Q‡›`i Rv`yKi ejv nq = m‡Z¨›`ªbv_ `Ë|
13| ÔwK¬I‡cUªv Õ Qwei bvg f~wgKvq †K Awfbq K‡ib = GwjRv‡e_ †UBji|
14| µxZ`v‡mi nvwm Õ Dcb¨v‡mi iPwqZv = kIKZ Imgvb |
15| †Nvovq Pwoqv g`© nuvwUqv Pwjj|
16| Ô‡NivIÕ kãwU †Kvb ivRbxwZwe` cÖ_g e¨envi K‡ib = gvIjvbv fvmvbx|
17| RxebgyLx mgvRm‡PZb K_vmvwnwZ¨K Rwni ivqnvb - Gi Avmj bvg = †gvnv¤§` Rwniæjøvn|
18| Rxebvb›` `v‡mi cÖ_g Kve¨ MÖš’ †KvbwU = Siv cvjK|
19| w_‡qUvi bvU¨MÖæ‡ci Ab¨Zg cÖwZôvZv = Avãyjøvn Avj gvgyb |
20| w`jxc Kzgv‡ii cÖK„Z bvg = BDmyd Lvb|
21| `yB weNv Rwg Õ KweZvwU iPbv K‡iwQ‡jb = Kwe iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi|
22| Ô`yM©g wMwi KvšÍvi giy `y¯Íi cvivcvi Õ MvbwUi iPwqZv = KvRx bRiæj Bmjvg|
23| `v`v fvBÕi Avmj bvg wK = †ivKby¾vgvb |
24|aŸwb‡Z‡Q KzûaŸwb Abv`¨šÍ i‡e|
25| a~mi cvÐzwjwc Kvi iPbv =Rxebvb›` `vk|(MímsKjb Ô`v‡ki Mí-1972)
26| bxj`c©Y Õ MÖ‡š’i †jLK = `xbeÜz wgÎ|
27| Ôbw›`Z bi‡K Õ Kvi †jLv Dcb¨vm = ûgvqyb Avn‡g`|
28| cvV‡Ki g„Zy¨Õ iPwqZv ebdz‡ji cÖK…Z bvg = ejvBPvu` gy‡Lvcva¨vq|
29| Ôc~e©-cwðg Õ Dcb¨v‡mi iPwqZv †K =mybxj M‡½vcva¨vq ???
30| cÂf~ZÕ Kvi †jLv = iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi|???
31| divwm wecøe‡K AbycÖvwYZ K‡ib †Kvb †jLKØq = iæ‡kv I fj‡Uqvi|

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32| weÁvb wkÿv‡K gvZ…fvlvi gva¨‡g RbwcÖq K‡i †Zvjvi Rb¨ ÔKwj½Õ cyi毋vi jvf K‡ib= Ave`yjøvn Avj gywZ|
33| Ôwe‡k¦i hv-wKQz gnvb m„wó wPi-Kj¨vYKi/ A‡a©K Zvi Kwiqv‡Q bvix , A‡a©K Zvi bi| = KvRx bRiæj Bmjvg|
34| ej exi wPi DbœZ gg wki Õ = KvRx bRiæj Bmjvg|
35| eûfvlvwe` cwÐZ ej‡Z Kvi bvg cÖ_‡g Av‡m = knx`yjøvn|
36| welv` wmÜzÕi iPwqZv = gxi gkviid †nv‡mb | (gnig-1885, D×vi-87, GwR`ea-91), cÖ_g MÖš’ ÔiZœveZx-1869 Dcb¨vm)
37| welv` wmÜz Õ MÖš’wU = GwU HwZnvwmK NUbvi Av‡eMwbf©i gg©¯úkx eY©bv | (gnvKve¨agx© Dcb¨vm)
38| evsjv‡`‡ki iYmw½Z Kvi iPbv = KvRx bRiæj Bmjvg|
39| †h ‡Zvgvi cyÎ b‡n Zv‡iv wcZv Av‡Q|
40| iex›`ªbv_ VvKz‡ii Dcb¨vm = †k‡li KweZv|
41| iex›`ªbv‡_i Rb¥ = 1861 mv‡ji 7 B †g|
43| ivgvqb Õ iPwqZvi bvg = evwj¥Kx|
44| iƒcmx evsjvi Kwe wn‡m‡e L¨vwZgvb = Rxebvb›` `vk|(iex›`ªbv_ e‡j‡Qb wPiiƒcgq KweZv, M‡elYv wK¬bUb we mxwj)
- -

45 | Ô wkKIqvn I RIqve B wkKIqvnÕ - †K iPbv K‡ib = gynv¤§` BKevj|

46 | wkívPvh© ej‡Z Kv‡K eySvq = Rqbyj Av‡e`xb |
47| ˆmq` gyRZev Avjx iwPZ = PvPv Kvwnbx|
48 | m~h©`xNj evwo Õ †Kvb ai‡bi iPbv = Dcb¨vm , Avey BmnvK|
49 | mvZ mvM‡ii gvwS Õ Kvi †jLv cÖ_g Kve¨ MÖš’ = diiæL Avng`|
50 | mvicøvm f¨vjy Ae †jevi Z‡Ë¡i cÖe ³v †K = Kvj© gvK©m|
51| Ôms¯‹…wZi iƒcvšÍiÕ MÖš’wUi iPwqZv †K = †Mvcvj nvj`vi|
52| myZivs Õ Qwei bvwqKv †K wQ‡jb = Keix|
53| mK‡ji Z‡i mK‡j Avgiv|
54| Ô‡n e½ fvÐv‡I Ze wewea iZb , Zv m‡e A‡eva Avwg A e‡njv KwiÕ = gvB‡Kj gaym~`b `Ë|(25/1/1824 29/6/73) --
55| nhiZ gynv¤§` (mv) Gi Rb¥ I g„Zz¨i ZvwiL = 12 iweDj AvIqvj|

evsjv‡`k K„wl e¨vsK wj I ivRkvnx DbœqY e¨vsK wj t

1| Agi KweZv KeiÓ Gi iPwqZv = Rmxg D`&`xb (ivLvjx)
2| Avwg Rvnvbœv‡gi Av¸‡b ewmqv nvwm cy‡®úi nvwm Ó †Kvb KweZvi = we‡`ªvnx|
3| Avgvi fvB‡qi i‡³ iv½v‡bv = Avãyj Mvd&dvi †PŠayix|
4| Avgvi mšÍvb †hb _v‡K `y‡a fv‡Z Õ cÖv_©bv K‡i‡Qb = Ck¦i cvUbx|
5| AvR iweevi bvUK wU iPbv K‡ib = ûgvqyb Avn‡g`|
6| Ck¦i _v‡Kb H MÖv‡g , f`ª cwjø‡Z Ó = cÙvb`xi gvwS gvwbK e‡½vc¨vavq|
-

7| D™¢U D‡Ui wc‡V Pj‡Q ¯^‡`k Gi iwPqZv - = kvgmyi ingvb|

8| ÔGKvˇii wPwV Õ †Kvb RvZxq iPbv = gyw ³‡hv×v‡`i cÎ msKjb |
9| GB ü`‡qi †P‡q eo †Kv‡bv gw›`i Kvev bvB - Õ GwU ‡Kvb
- KweZvi PiY = mvg¨ev`x 1925(bRiæj)
-
10| GBme w`b ivwÎi (1984) bvU‡Ki iwPqZv = ûgvqyb Avn‡g` |
11| GKz‡ki Mí Ó cÖeÜ wU Kvi †jLv = Rwni ivqnvb|
12| GKz‡k †deªæqvwi Ó cÖ_g msKj‡bi m¤úv`K = nvmvb nvwdRyi ingvb|
13| Kwe bRiæj Bmjvg ,iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi‡K DrmM© K‡i‡Qb = mwÂZv (Kve¨MÖš’) 1928 - |
14| Kei KweZvq †gvU KZ R‡bi g„Zz¨i eY©bv Kiv n‡q‡Q = 5 Rb |
15| Kei bvU‡Ki iwPqZv = gybxi †PŠayix|
16| †K›`ªxq knx` wgbv‡ii ¯’cwZ = nvwg`yi ingvb |
17| †Kvb kvmbvg‡j Ph©vc` iwPZ n‡qwQj = cvj Avg‡j| (knx`yjøvni g‡Z , 650 1200, mybxwZKzgvi 950 1200)
- -

18| †KvbwU iex›`ªbv_ VvKz‡ii Kve¨ MÖš’ bq = †k‡li KweZv (‡mvbvi Zix , ejvKv , wPÎv)
19| KvRx bRiæj Bmjv‡gi Dcb¨vm = g„Zz¨ÿzav 1930 (Amn‡hvM
-

| Av‡›`vj‡bi †cÖwÿ‡Z iwPZ mvgvwRK Dcb¨vm)

20 | KvRx bRiyj Bmjv‡gi cÖ_g cÖKvwkZ KweZv †KvbwU = gyw³ (1326 e½v‡ã gymwjg mvwnZ¨ cwÎKvq )|
21| Kvi msM„nxZ MxwZKv m¤úv`bv K‡i W. `x‡bk P›`ª †mb Ò gqgbwmsK MxwZKv bv‡g cÖKvk K‡ib| = P›` Kzgvi †`|
22| †Kvb evOvwj bvU¨Kvi evsjv bvU‡Ki cw_K…r = gvB‡Kj gaym~`b `Ë|(we‡q 1848, 55 , 1856)
23| †KvbwU bvUK = ewncxi|
24| †KvbwU iex›`ªbv‡_i iPbv = PZzi½|

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25| †Kv_vq ¯^M© , †Kv_vq biK = †kL dRjyj Kwig
26| Kwe¸iæ iex›`ªbv_ VvKz‡ii Kve¨MÖš’ = gvbmx, †mvbviZix, ejvKv , MxZvÄjx|
27| Kvke‡bi KY¨v Ó †Kvb RvZxq iPbv = Dcb¨vm|
28| Mvwn mv‡g¨i Mvb , aiYxi nv‡Z w`j hviv Avwb dm‡ji digvbÓ = Rxeb-e›`bv-mܨv Kve¨MÖš’ (1929)- Kwe bRiæj|
29| ‡Mvj K‡iv bv †Mvj K‡iv bv , †QvUb Nygvq Lv‡U = Kwe mywdqv Kvgvj|
30| ÔPvu‡`i Agvem¨v Õ MÖš’wUi †jLK = ˆmq` Iqvjx Djøvn|
31| ÔPvu` mI`vMi Õ evsjv †Kvb Kve¨avivi PwiÎ = gbmvg½j|
32| Puv‡`i Agvek¨v Õ MÖ‡š’i †jLK = ˆmq` IqvwjDjøvn|
33| PZz©`kc`x KweZvq KZwU cOw³ _v‡K = 14wU|
34| Rb¥B Avgvi AvRb¥ cvc Õ Dw³wU Kvi = `vD` nvq`vi |
35| RvZxq ¯§„wZ †mŠ‡ai ¯’cwZ †K = ˆmq` gCbyj †nv‡mb|
36| Rxebvb›` `v‡ki Kve¨MÖš’ = iƒcmx evsjv-1957 , Siv cvjK-1928, †ejv A‡ejv Kvj‡ejv-1961 |
37| RvZxq m½xZ wn‡m‡e MÖnY Kiv nq = 3 gvP© 1971|
38| Rmxg Dwχbi cÖ_g cÖKvwkZ Kve¨MÖš’ = ivLvjx|(QÙbvg-RmxiDÏxb †gvjøv)
39| Rxebvb›` `v‡ki cÖ_g Kve¨MÖš’ †KvbwU = Siv cjK-1928 | (cÖeÜ MÖš’ GKwU - KweZvi K_v-1956)
40| RvZxq Pjw”PÎ cyi¯‹vi 2013 Gi †kÖô Pjw”PÎ = g„wËKv gvqv (MvRx ivKv‡qZ)|
41| U‡jwg wK wQ‡jb = †R¨vwZwe`©|
42| W. gyn¤§` knx`yjøvni eo cwiPq = fvlvZË¡ we`|
43| †ZBk b¤^i ˆZjwPÎ Õ Kvi iPbv = AvjvDÏxb Avj AvRv`|
44| wZwgi nb‡bi Kwe Õ †K = Rxebvb›` `vk |(Avw`wbevm weµgcy‡ii mvIcvov MÖvg)
45| †Zvgv‡K cvIqvi Rb¨ †n ¯^vaxbZv Õ-Kvi iPbv = kvgmyi ivngvb|
46| `¨ ‡jwW Õ Pjw”PÎwU (jyK †emb) Kvi Rxeb wfwËK = As mvs mywP|
47| ab av‡b¨ cy‡®úfiv ,Avgv‡`i GB emyÜiv = w؇R›`ªjvj ivq|
48| bw›`Z bi‡K Ó Kvi Dcb¨vm = ûgvqyb Avn‡g`|
49| cÙvb`xi gvwS Ó wK ai‡Yi iPbv = Dcb¨vm 1936|
50| cvwYwb †K wQ‡jb = ˆeqvKiwYK|
51| cv‡Äix Õ KweZvwU Kvi iwPZ = diiæL Avn‡g`|
52| cÖ_g evOvwj wn‡m‡e †bv‡ej cvb = iex›`ªbv_|
53| †cÖgvsïi i ³ PvB Ó Kve¨ MÖ‡š’i cÖ‡YZv = wbg©‡j›`y ¸Y|
54| cÖ_g evsjv w_mivm ev mgv_©K k‡ãi Awfavb msKjb K‡i‡Qb = A‡kvK gy‡Lvcva¨vq|
55| cuyw_ mvwn‡Z¨i cÖvPxbZg †jLK = ‰mq` nvgRv|
56| ebdzj Ó Kvi Q›`bvg = ejvBPvu` gy‡Lvcva¨vq|
57| ewÎk wmsnvm‡bi iPwqZv †K = g„Zz¨Äq we`¨vj¯‹vi|
58| eoi wcixwZ evwj evua; ÿ‡Y nv‡Z `wo, ÿ‡YK Pvu` = PiY `ywU Kvi iPbv = fviZ P›`ª|
59| we‡bvw`bx †Kvb Dcb¨v‡mi bvwqKv = †Pv‡Li evwj ( gb¯ÍvwšÍK -iex›`ªbv_)|
60| welv` wm›`y Ó(1885) †K iPbv K‡ib = gxi gkviid †nv‡mb (1847-1911)(Kzwóqv-KzgviLvjx-MovBb`x-jvwnbxcvov MÖvg)
61| weÁvb wkÿv‡K gvZ…fvlvi gva¨‡g RbwcÖq K‡i †Zvjvi Rb¨ Kwj½ cyi残vi jvf K‡ib = Ave`yjøvn Avj gwZ|
62| evsjv‡`‡ki RvZxq msMx‡Zi iPwqZv = iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi|
63| †eMg cÖwÎKvi m¤úv`K = b~iRvnvb †eMg|
64| evsjv mvwn‡Z¨i ga¨hy‡Mi me‡P‡q D‡jøL‡hvM¨ gymjgvb Kwe †K = AvjvIj|
65| evsjv fvlvi cÖ_g ˆ`wbK cwÎKv = msev` cÖfvKi|
66| eªReywj ej‡Z eySvq GK cÖKvi K…wÎg Kwe fvlv |
67| evsjv mvwn‡Z¨i cÖ_g Dcb¨vm = c¨vwiPvu` wg‡Îi Avjv‡ji N‡ii `yjvj|
68| evsjv fvlvi cÖ_g msev` c‡Îi bvg = mgvPvi `c©Y|
69| evsjv mvwn‡Z¨ me¨mvPx †jLK = ˆmq` kvgmyj nK |
70| evsjv M‡`¨i RbK ejv nq Kv‡K = Bk¦i P›`ª we`¨vmvMi|
71| evsjv GKv‡Wwg cÖ`Ë iex›`ª cyi¯‹vi ,2016 †c‡q‡Qb = mbr Kzgvi mvnv I mvw` gn¤§`|
72| evsjvi wgëb ejv nq Kv‡K = †n‡g›`ª P‡Uªvcv_¨vq |
73| evsjv mvwn‡Z¨i Abe`¨ Dcb¨vm Ó Kcvj KzÛjvÓ-1866 iPwqZv †K = ew¼g P›`ª P‡Uªvcva¨vq|(PwiÎ-beKzgvi,gwZwewe,KcvjKzÐjv)
74| evsjv mvwn‡Z¨ AvaywbK ce© ïiy nq KZ kZ‡K = 18 kZ‡K|

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75| evsjv mvwn‡Z¨ gymjgvb PwiÎ Aej¤^‡b iwPZ cÖ_g bvUK = gxi †gvkviid †nv‡m‡bi emšÍ Kzgvix 1873|(mvwnZ¨ ¸iy- KvOvj nwibv_)
76| evOvjxi BwZnvm - eB wUi †jLK = bxnvi ib&Rb ivq|
77| exiej Kvi Q`¥bvg wQj = cÖ_g †PŠayix |
78| e¨vjvo (BALLAD) =‡jvKMxwZ|
79| fvlv gvby‡li gyL †_‡K Kj‡gi gy‡L Av‡m , D‡ëvUv Ki‡Z †M‡j gy‡L ïay Kvwj c‡o Ó = cÖg_ †PŠayix|
80| fvlv cÖKvk evOvjv e¨vKiY Ó - †K iPbv K‡ib = mybxwZ Kzgvi P‡Uªvcva¨vq|
81| gaym~`b `‡Ëi †gNbv`ea cÖK…Z c‡ÿ †Kvb i‡mi Kve¨ = exi im|
82| gynv¤§` (mt) (2015 ) Pjw”PÎ cwiPvjK = gvwR` gvwRw` (Bivb)|
83| gyRZev Avjxi Ó †`‡k we‡`‡k Ó eBwU‡Z †Kvb kn‡ii Kvwnbx cÖvavb¨ †c‡q‡Q = Kveyj|
84| gybxi †PŠayix iwPZ Ó KeiÓ bvU‡Ki cUf~wg wK = fvlv Av‡›`vjb|
85| gyw³hy‡×i BwZnvm : `wjjcÎ Õ †K m¤úv`bv K‡ib = nvmvb nvwdRyi ingvb|
86| gyw³hy×wfwËK Dcb¨vm = Av¸‡bi cikgwb |
87| gyw³hy×wfwËK cÖvgvY¨wPÎ Ó G †÷U BR eY©Ó -Gi wbg©vZv †K = Rwni ivqnvb|
88| gwm©qv mvwn‡Z¨i welqe¯‘ = †kvK|
89| ivRv ivg‡gvnb ivq cÖYxZ evsjv e¨vKi‡Yi bvg = †MŠoxq e¨vKiY |
90| iex›`ªbv‡_i bvUK = ivRv (1910)|
91| iex›`ªbv‡_i iPbv = PZzi½ ( †QvUMíag©x Dcb¨vm 1916)
92| iex›`ªbv‡_i †Kvb MÖš’wU bvUK = i³Keix |
93| iex›`ªbv_ VvKz‡ii iwPZ = †k‡li KweZv , †mvbvi Zix , ejvKv|
94|iY ms½xZ Ó evsjv KZ m‡b cÖ_g cÖKvwkZ nq= 1335 m‡Y|
95| †ivwnbx, ågi, †Mvwe›`jvj PwiÎwU †Kvb Dcb¨v‡m cvIqv hvq =K„òKv‡šÍi DBj-1878|
96| †k‡li KweZv (1929) =Dcb¨vm (cÖevmx cwÎKvq)
97| kvnbvgv †gŠwjK MÖš’wU Kvi = †di‡`Šmx |
98| kirP‡›`ªi †Kvb Dcb¨vm wU miKvi KZ…©K ev‡Rqvß n‡qwQj = c‡_i `vex-ivR‰bwZK-1926| (PwiÎ- me¨mvPx)
99| ˆkevj `xwN‡i K‡n D”P Kwi wki , wj‡L †iL , GK we›`y w`jvg wkwki Õ - G AskUzKzi g~j cÖwZcv`¨ = AK…ZÁZv|
100| ‰mq` weiwPZ myo½ (1964) GKwU = bvUK|
101| mÜviv‡M wSwjwgwj wS‡ji †¯ªvZLvwb euvKv iex›`ªbv‡_i †Kvb Kv‡e¨i KweZv = ejvKv (1916)|
102| mvwnZ¨ wekvi` DcvwawU Kvi = Avãyj Kwig|
103| ˆmq` BmgvBj †nv‡mb wmivRxi Dcvwa = ¯^cœvZzi Kwe|
104| mvZ mvM‡ii gvwS Ó Kve¨MÖš’wUi Kwe †K = diiæL Avng`|
105| mvwn‡Z¨ †Ljv cÖe‡Üi Ô‡iv`u¨vÕ †K = GK e¨w ³i bvg |
106| mvZ †KvwU mšÍv‡b‡i, †n gy» Rbbx , †i‡LQ evOvwj K‡i gvbyl K‡ivwb - †Kvb KweZvi = iex›`ªbv‡_i ‰PZvwj Õ Kve¨MÖ‡š’i e½gvZv ÕKweZvi|
107| m~h© `xN©j evwo - Dcb¨vm wU = Avey BmnvK|
108| û‡Zvg cu¨vPv Ó Kvi QÙbvg = KvjxcÖmbœ wmsn|
109| ûgvqyb Avn‡g‡`i gyw³ hy× wb‡q Dcb¨vm = †RvQbv I Rbbxi Mí|
110| b nbv‡ZÓ Dcb¨v‡mi iPwqZv = ˆg‡Îqx †`ex (AvZœRxebxg~jK)|
111| 2015 mv‡j fvi‡Zi cwðge½ miKv‡ii e½wef’lY †LZv‡e f~wlZ n‡q‡Qb = wd‡ivRv †eMg|
112| 2015 mv‡j mvK© mvwnZ¨ cyi毋vi jvf K‡ib = †mwjbv †nv‡mb|
113| In the light of what we khow Dcb¨vmwUi iPwqZv = wRqv nvq`vi ingvb|
115| Wings of Fire MÖš’wUi iPwqZv = G wc wR Avãyj Kvjvg (AvZ¥Rxebxg~jK MÖš’ - 1999)
116| War and peace ÕMÖ‡š’i †jLK = Uj÷q|

wewWwe, †ewmK e¨vsK, cÖevmx Kj¨vY e¨vsK, mgevq e¨vsK|

01| Acy I `yM©v Õ PwiÎ `ywU †Kvb Dcb¨v‡mi = c‡_i c¨vuPvjx |
02| Av¸b gyLvi †g‡qÕ MÖš’wU iPbv K‡ib = byiRvnvb †evm|
03| GjvwUs †ejvwUs (wkï‡Zvl) MÖ‡š’i cÖ‡YZv †K = kvgmyi ivngvb|
04| GKz‡k †deyªqvix Õ MÖ‡š’i m¤úv`K †K = nvmvb nvwdRyi ingvb |
05| KvRx bRiæj Bmjv‡gi iPbv = QvqvbU, gaygvjv,e¨_vi `vb, wRwÄi|
06| VvuB bvB , VvB bvB , †Qv‡Uv †m Zix / Avgvwi †mvbvi av‡b wM‡q‡Q fwi, = iex›`ªbv_ , †mvbvi Zix|

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07| w`wNi R‡j Kvi Qvqv †Mv Õ = Dcb¨vm ûgvqyb Avn‡g`|
08| cÙveZx GKwU = Abyev` MÖš’ (gvwjK gyn¤§` Rvqmxi wnw›` Ôc`ygverÕ Gi Avbyev`K AvjvIj)
09| †dvU© DBwjqvg K‡j‡Ri evsjvwefv‡Mi cÖavb wQ‡jb = DBwjqvg †Kwi| (evsjv wefvM †Lvjv nq-1801 mv‡j, K‡jR-1800)
10| e½eÜzi ÔAmgvß AvZ¥Rxebx Õ K‡e cÖKvwkZ nq = 18/6/2012 (1966-69 mv‡j XvKv †K›`ªxq KvivMv‡i eÜx Ae¯’vq)
11| ev½vjxi BwZnvmÕ eBwUi †jLK = bxnviÄb ivq|
12| evsjv GKv‡Wwg KZ mv‡j cÖwZwôZ nq = 1955 mv‡j
13| evsjv †jvK mvwn‡Z¨i cÖvPxb Zg m„wó wK wK = cªePb, Qov I avuav|
14| fvlv-cÖKvk ev½vjv e¨vKiYÕ eBwUi †jLK = mybxwZKzgvi P‡Uªvcva¨vq|
15| iex›`ªbv‡_i †jLv = †muRywZ|
16| iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi Ô‡mvbvi ZixÕ †Kv_vq iPbv K‡ib = wkjvB`n|
17| ivRv ivg‡gvnb iv‡qi iPbv = †e`všÍ MÖš’ , †e`všÍ mvi , c_¨ cÖ`vb|
18| meyRcÎ m¤úv`bv K‡ib = cÖg_ †PŠayix|
19| ûgvqyb Avn‡g‡`i Rb¥ = 13.11.1948 †gvnbMÄ, †b·Kvbv|

Kg©ms¯’vb e¨vsK
1| AwgÎvÿi Q‡›`i Avwe¯‹vi †K K‡ib = gaym~`b `Ë| (cÖ_g cÖ‡qvM cÙeZx bvU‡K, mdj- wZ‡jvËgvm¤¢e Kv‡e¨-1860)
2| Avgvi wKQz K_vÕ gyw³hy×welqK GKwU MÖš’ ,†jLK = †kL gywReyi ingvb|
3| ÔG †h `yj©f , G ‡h gvbex ,Bnvi in‡m¨I wK AšÍ Av‡Q Õ = iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi|
4| Kei bvUKwUi iPwqZv = gybxi †PŠayix|
5| KvRx bRiæj Bmjv‡gi cÖ_g iPbv = evD‡Ûi AvZ¥Kvwnbx-Mí (mIMvZ | cwÎKvq 1919/1326)
6| ‡KvbwU mwVK = wele„ÿ - Dcb¨vm|
7| ÔKvjK~UÕ †Kvb †jL‡Ki QÙbvg|= mg‡ik emy|
8| Mí¸”Q Õ Kvi †jLv = iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi|
9| M„n`vn Õ Kvi †jLv = kirP›`ª |
10| ÔPvu‡`i Agvem¨v Õ Dcb¨vmwU †jLK = ˆmq` IqvjxDjøvn|
11| †Qov Zvui Õ bvUKwUi iPwqZv = Zzjmx jvwnox|
12| ÔRb¥B Avgvi AvRb¥ cvc Õ Dw³wU Kvi = `vD` nvq`vi|
13| Rxebvb›` `v‡ki iwPZ Kve¨MÖ‡š’i bvg = a~mi cvÐzwjwc |
14| Rmxg D`&`x‡bi cÖ_g cÖKvwkZ Kve¨ MÖš’ †KvbwU = ivLvjx (1927 mv‡j cÖKvwkZ)
15| Zzwg Avm‡e e‡j †n ¯^vaxbZv Õ Kvi iPbv = Kwe kvgmyi ivngvb |
16| Ô‡Zvgv‡K †`Le e‡j h‡ZveviB †PvL Lyj‡Z PvBwQ Z‡ZveviB i‡³i SvcUvq me ¸wj‡q GKvKvi n‡q hv‡”Q Õ Dw³wU Kvi = Beªv nxg
Kvw`©|
17| `yM©g wMwi KvšÍvi giæ `y¯Íi cvivcvi = KvRx bRiæj Bmjvg|
18| Ôabav‡b¨ cy‡®ú fiv , Avgv‡`i GB emyÜiv Õ- = w؇R›`ªjvj ivq|
19| Ôbxj beN‡b Avlvp MM‡b wZj VvuB Avi bvwn‡i|
20| †bjmb g¨v‡Ûjvi Ici wbwg©Z wm‡bgvi bvg= w` wnDg¨vb d¨v±i|
21| bxj beN‡b Avlvi MM‡b = wZj VuvB Avi bvwn‡i|
22| cweÎ KziAvb cÖ_g evsjv Abyev`‡Ki bvg = wMwikP›`ª †mb|
23| c`vejx †K wj‡L‡Qb = iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi|
24| ÔcÙv †gNbv hgybv Õ Dcb¨vmwUi iPwqZv †K = Avey Rvdi mvgmywÏb|
25| ÔÔcyZz‡ji we‡q Õ Kvi iwPZ bvUK = KvRx bRiæi Bmjvg|
26| cvwLi bx‡oi g‡Zv †PvL Zz‡j e‡jwQj bv‡Uv‡ii ebjZv †mb|
27| cvwLi bx‡oi g‡Zv †PvL Zz‡j e‡jwQj bv‡Uv‡ii ebjZv †mb|
28| Ôeid Mjv b`x Õ Dcb¨vmwUi iPwqZv = Rwni ivqnvb|
29| welv` wmÜzÕi iPwqZv †K = gxi gkviid †nv‡mb|
30| Ôwe‡`ªvnxÕ KweZvwU †Kvb Kve¨MÖ‡š’i = AwMœexYv|
31| evsjv mvwn‡Z¨i cÖvPxbZg wb`k©b †KvbwU = Ph©vc`|(Ph©v-AvPiY, g~jbvg-Ph©vPh©wewbwðq, cÖKvk-1916, e½xq mvwnZ¨ cwil`)
32| evsjv M‡`¨i RbK = Ck¦i P›`ª we`¨vmvMi|
33| evsjv mvwn‡Z¨i cÖvPxbZg wb`k©b †KvbwU = Ph©vc`|(fvlv knx`yjøvni g‡Z, e½Kvgiƒcx, D‡Ïk¨- ag©PP©v)

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34| evsjv fvlvq iwPZ cÖ_g Dcb¨v‡mi bvg = Avjv‡ji N‡ii `yjvj|
35| evsjv mvwn‡Z¨i cÖ_g BwZnvm MÖš’ (e½fvlv I mvwnZ¨-1896) †K iPbv K‡ib = `x‡bk P›`ª †mb|
36| gnvKwe AvjvIjÕ bvUKwUi iPwqZv †K = wmKv›`vi Avey Rvdi|
37| †h bvU‡K Awfbq †`‡L Ck¦iP›`ª we`¨vmvMi g‡Â Ry‡Zv Qzu‡o gv‡ib = bxj `c©Y|
38| iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi iwPZ bvUK ‡KvbwU = i³ Keix|
39| iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi KZ…©K iwPZ = †k‡li KweZv , †mvbvi Zix , gvbmx|
40| iex›`ªbv_ VvKz‡ii MxZvÄwji Bs‡iRx Abyev‡`i bvg = song offerings.
41| iex›`ªbv_ iwPZ Dcb¨vm = N‡i-evB‡i , †bŠKv Wzwe , †Pv‡Li evwj|
42| iex›`ªbv‡_i cÖ_g cÖKvwkZ Dcb¨v‡mi bvg = †eŠVvKzivbxi nvU|
43| iex›`ªbv‡_i †Kvb MÖš’wU bvUK = i³ Kiex|
44| i³v³ cÖvšÍi Õ bvU‡Ki cUf~wg = cvwbc‡_i Z…Zxq hy×|
45| Ô‡ivwnYx Õ PwiÎwU †Kvb Dcb¨v‡mi = K…òKv‡šÍi DBj-1878-ew¼g|(mvgvwRK, PwiÎ-ågi,†Mvwe›`jvj)
46| kvnbvgv Õi †jLK = Kwe †di‡`Šmx|
47| ÔmvwnZ¨ †Q‡ji nv‡Zi †LjbvI bq ¸iæi nv‡Zi †eZI bq Õ = cÖg_ †PŠayix|
48| mevi Dc‡i gvbyl mZ¨ Zvnvi Dc‡i bvB ÕÕ †Kvb Kwei evYx = PÐx`vm|
49| ÔnvB‡KvÕ †Kvb †`‡ki KweZv = Rvcvb |

c~evjx e¨vsK wj t
1| ÔI Avgvi †`‡ki gvwU , †Zvgvi c‡i †VKvB gv_v Õ - csw³i †jLK = iix›`ªbv_ VvKzi|
2| Kwe bRiæ‡ji ÔPj Pj Pj Õ KweZvwU †Kvb Kve¨MÖ‡š’i AšÍM©Z = mܨv-1929|
3| Kwe myKvšÍ fUªvPvh© KZ eQi eq‡m gviv hvb = 21 eQi|
4| KvjK~U Kvi QÙbvg = mg‡ik emy|
5| Kei Õ KweZvi iPwqZv †K = RmxgD`&`xb |
6| Kei bvU‡Ki iPwqZv = gybxi †PŠayix|
7| †Kvb hyM †K evsjv mvwn‡Z¨i AÜKvi hyM = ZzwK© hyM|
8| †Lvqvebvgv Õ Dcb¨v‡mi iPwqZv = AvLZviæ¾vgvb Bwjqvm|
9| ÔPzj Zvi K‡e K‡eKvi AÜKvi wew`kvi wbkv Õ = Rxebv›` `vk|(GWMvi G‡jb †cv iwPZ ÔUz †n‡jbÕ KweZv †_‡K ebjZv
†mb)
10| Qov †Kvb Q‡›` iwPZ nq = ¯^ie„Ë |
11| Rq¸b Õ †Kvb Dcb¨v‡mi PwiÎ = m~h©`xNj evwo|
12| ÔRwb¥‡j gwi‡Z n‡e , Agi †K †Kv_v K‡e , wPbw¯’i K‡e bxi , nvq †i , Rxeb-b‡` ? = gvB‡Kj gaym~`b `Ë|
13| w؇R›`ªjvj ivq cÖavbZ = Kwe, bvU¨Kvi, MxwZKvi|
14| abavb¨ cy®úfiv , Avgv‡`i GB emyÜiv Ó = w؇R›`ªjvj ivq|
15| abavb¨ cy®úfiv , Avgv‡`i GB emyÜiv Õ csw³i MxwZKvi = w؇R›`ªjvj ivq|
16| cjøx Kwe RwmgD`& `x‡bi Dcb¨vm †gvU KqwU = GKwU
17| e„wó c‡o Uvcyi Uycyi b‡` G‡jv evb Õ Kvi iPbv = iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi |
18| e„wó c‡o Uvcyi Uzcyi b‡` G‡jv evb Õ = iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi|
19| eªþcy‡Îi Kwe wn‡m‡e Kv‡K WvKv n‡Zv = f~‡cb nvRvwiKv|
20|Ôevsjvi gvwU, evsjvi Rj, Õ m‡bUwU Kvi = iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi|
21| evsjv mvwn‡Z¨i cÖ_g mv_©K Uª¨v‡RwW bvUK = K…òKzgvix 1861 | -
22| Ôwe‡`ªvnxÕ KweZvwU Kwe bRiæ‡ji †Kvb Kve¨ MÖ‡š’i =AwMœexYv|
23| welv` wmÜz Õi †jLK = gxi gkviid †nv‡mb| (wnw›` Abyev`K Kex›`ª †ebx cÖmv` evR‡cqx-1930)
24| gnvfviZ Gi iPwqZv †K = kÖxK…ò‰Øcvqb †e`e¨vm|
25| ÔgiY †i , Zzuû mg k¨vgmgvb Õ = fvbywmsn VvKzi|
26| gnvKwe AvjvIj †Kvb hy‡Mi Kwe = ga¨hyM|
27| Ògyw³hy‡`i BwZnvm t Z_¨ I `wjj ÕÕ †K m¤úv`bv K‡ib = nvmvb nvwdRyi ingvb |
28| iex›`ªbv_ VvKz‡ii cieZx© Rb¥ kZevwl©Kx n‡e =2061 mv‡j|
29| iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi †h Dcb¨v‡mi Rb¨ †bv‡ej cvb = MxZvÄwj|
30| iex›`ªbv_ VvKz‡ii cÖ_g cÖKvwkZ Kve¨ MÖš’ = ebdzj|

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31| kIKZ Imgvb †Kvb Dcb¨v‡mi Rb¨ Av`gRx cyi¯‹vi jvf K‡ib| = µxZ`v‡mi nvwm|
32| †k‡li KweZv iex›`ªbv_ iwPZ =Dcb¨vm|

Bmjvgx e¨vsK evsjv‡`k wj t

1| AkÖ~gvjv I gnvk¥kvb Kvi iPbv = Kvq‡Kvev`|
2| AwgÎv·i Q‡›` iwPZ gnvKve¨ Ò †gNbveaÓ Kvi †jLv = gvB‡Kj gaym~`b `Ë |
3| Avgvi †jLv ivRbxwZi cÂvk eQi MÖš’wU iwPqZv †K = Aveyj gbmyi Avng`|
4|AvKivg Lvu iwPZ Ò †gv¯Ídv PwiZÓ MÖš’wU = mxivZ MÖš’|
5| Avgvi fvB‡qi i‡³ iv½v‡bv GKy‡k †deª~qvix = MvbwUi myiKvi AvjZvd gvngy` ( cÖ_g myiKvi - Ave`yj jwZd|
6| AvivKvb ivR mfvi Kwe - AvjvIj|
7| Av‡gwiKv Avwe¯‹vi K‡ib = Kj¤^vm|
8| Bs‡iRx‡Z cÖ_g cweÎ KziAvb kixd Abyev`‡Ki bvg = W. Zvwjg Avey bv‡mi |
9| Bmjvgx †i‡bumvi Kwe = dii~L Avng`|
10| Be‡b wmbv †K wQ‡jb = wPwKrmK|
11| †K›`ªxq knx` wgbv‡ii ¯’cwZ = nvwg`yi ingvb|
12| Kwe bRiæ‡ji cÖ_g Dcb¨vm = evuab nviv-1927|
13| Kwe diiyK Avng` gi‡YvËi c`K cvb = GKz‡k c`K|
14| M¤¢xiv †Kvb A‡ji msMxZ = ivRkvnx|
15| RvZxq ¯§„wZ‡mŠ‡ai D”PZv = 46.5 wgUvi / 150 dzU| ¯’cwZ gBbyj †nv‡mb |
16|Rxebvb›` `v‡ki GKwU weL¨vZ KweZv = ebjZv †mb|(GWMvi G‡jb †cv iwPZ ÔUz †n‡jbÕ KweZv †_‡K ebjZv †mb)
17|&& RvZxq cZvKvi wWRvBbvi = Kvgiæj nvmvb|
18| ab¨ avb¨ cy®úfiv Avgv‡`i GB emyÜviv = w؇R›`ªjvj ivq|
19| cjøx Kwe iwPZ MÖš’ = †mvRb evw`qvi NvU|
20| evsjv m‡bi cÖeZ©K = AvKei|
21| e¨_vi `vb Ó wK ? †jLK †K MíMÖš’ , bRiæj Bmjvg|
22| welv` wmÜz Kvi iPbv = gxi †gvkviid †nv‡mb| (1847-1911)(1885-87-91)
23| ev½vjv fvlvi BwZe„Ë iPbv K‡ib = gynv¤§` knx`yjøvn|
24| evsjv‡`k KweZv †Kvb b`x؇qi K_v ejv n‡q‡Q hgybv -cÙv|
25| g°vi c_ -Gi †jLK †K ? = †gvnv¤§` Avmv`|
26| iY m½xZ iPbv K‡ib = KvRx bRiæj Bmjvg |
27| jvj ev‡Mi †Kjøv wbg©vY K‡ib = kv‡q¯Ív Lvb|
28| msm` fe‡bi ¯’cwZ = jyB Kvb|
29| nvivgwb wK ? msKjK †K ? = cÖvPxb †jvKMxwZ , gynv¤§` gbmyi DwÏb |

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