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What factors
affect the
strength of an
electromagnet?
March 23, 2017 by Veerendra — 1 Comment

What factors affect

the strength of
an electromagnet?
Factors Affecting the Strength of
the Magnetic Field of an
Electromagnet:
Factors that affect the strength of
electromagnets are the nature of the
core material, strength of the current
passing through the core, the number of
turns of wire on the core and the shape
and size of the core.

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How can we
increase or
decrease the
strength of an
electromagnet?
1. The strength of the magnetic
ICSE Previous Year Papers 2019
;eld of an electromagnet
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increases when:
(a) The current is increased
(b) The number of turns is
increased
(c) The turns of wire are pushed
closer together so that the length
of the solenoid becomes shorter
(d) A soft iron core is placed into
the solenoid
2. The use of alloys such as
aluminium-nickel- cobalt (alnico)
can produce stronger magnetic
Gelds.
3. The polarity at the ends of the
solenoid is changed by changing
the direction of the current, as
shown in Figure. The direction of
the magnetic Geld at any point can
be shown by a plotting compass.

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Factors Affecting
the Strength of an
Electromagnet
Experiment
Problem: Some electric devices make
use of very strong electromagnets while
others need electromagnets that
produce weaker magnetic Gelds. What
are the factors that affect the strength of
the magnetic Geld of an electromagnet?

A. What would be the

effect of increasing the
number of coils of wire
in an electromagnet?
Aim: To study how the number of turns
of the coil affect the strength of the
magnetic Geld.
Inference: The number of turns of a
solenoid affects the strength of the
magnetic Geld.
Hypothesis: The larger the number of
turns, the stronger the magnetic Geld.
Variables:
(a) Manipulated variable: Number of
turns, N
(b) Responding variable: Strength of the
magnetic Geld
(c) Fixed variables: The current in the
solenoid, the type of core used, distance
between the end of the soft iron rod and
the pins in the Petri dish
Operational De;nition: The strength
of the magnetic Geld produced by the
solenoid is operationally deGned as the
number of pins that can be attracted to
one end of the core.
Materials: A box of pins, soft iron rod,
insulated copper wire, connecting wires
Apparatus: D.C. power supply,
ammeter, rheostat, Petri dish, retort
stand with clamp
Method:

1. The apparatus is set up as shown

in Figure, with 20 turns of wire
round the soft iron rod.
2. The power supply is switched on
and the number of pins attracted to
the soft iron rod is counted.
3. The power supply is switched off to
let the pins fall back into the Petri
dish.
4. Steps 2 and 3 are repeated for
coils with number of turns, N = 30,
40, 50 and 60.

Results:

Discussion:

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1. The number of pins attracted to the

soft iron rod increases as the
number of turns of the coil is
increased.
2. When the current is switched off,
the pins dropped back into the Petri
dish because the soft iron rod
cannot retain its magnetism.

Conclusion:
The strength of the magnetic Geld
increases when the number of turns is
increased.

B. How the size of the

current carried by the
coil affects the strength
of the magnetic field?
Aim: To study how the size of the
current carried by the coil affects the
strength of the magnetic Geld.
Inference: The current in a coil affects
the strength of the magnetic Geld.
Hypothesis: The larger the current in
the coil, the stronger the magnetic Geld.
Variables:
(a) Manipulated variable: Current, I
(b) Responding variable: Strength of the
magnetic Geld
(c) Fixed variables: The number of turns
of the coil, the type of core used,
distance between the end of the soft iron
rod and the pins in the Petri dish
Operational De;nition: The strength
of the magnetic Geld produced by the
solenoid is operationally deGned as the
number of pins that can be attracted to
one end of the core.
Materials: A box of pins, soft iron rod,
insulated copper wire, connecting wires
Apparatus: D.C. power supply,
ammeter, rheostat, Petri dish, retort
stand with clamp
Method:

1. The same apparatus set-up as

shown in above Figure is used.
2. The power supply is switched on.
The rheostat is adjusted to obtain a
current, I = 0.5 A.
3. The number of pins attracted to the
soft iron rod is counted.
4. The power supply is switched off to
let the pins fall back into the Petri
dish.
5. Steps 2 to 5 are repeated for the
values of current, I = 1.0 A, 1.5 A,
2.0 A, 2.5 A and 3.0 A.

Results:

Discussion:
The number of pins attracted to the soft
iron rod increases as current in the coil is
increased.
Conclusion:
The strength of the magnetic Geld
increases when the current is increased.
The hypothesis is accepted.

C. How the use of a soft

iron core affects the
strength of the
magnetic field?
Aim: To study how the use of a soft iron
core affects the strength of the magnetic
Geld.
Inference: A soft iron core affects the
strength of the magnetic Geld.
Hypothesis: The soft iron core will
increase the strength of the magnetic
Geld.
Variables:
(a) Manipulated variable: The type of
core in the coil
(b) Responding variable: Strength of the
magnetic Geld
(c) Fixed variables: The current in the coil,
the number of turns of the coil, distance
between the end of the soft iron rod and
the pins in the Petri dish
Operational De;nition: The strength
of the magnetic Geld produced by the
solenoid is operationally deGned as the
number of pins that can be attracted to
one end of the core.
Materials: A box of pins, insulated
copper wire, 10 cm long iron rod, 10 cm
long wooden rod, connecting wires
Apparatus: D.C. power supply,
ammeter, rheostat, Petri dish, retort
stand with clamp
Method:

1. The same apparatus set-up as

shown in above Figure is used with
a coil wound round the wooden
rod.
2. The power supply is switched on.
The rheostat is adjusted to obtain a
current, I = 2.0 A.
3. The number of pins attracted to the
wooden rod is counted.
4. The power supply is switched off to
let the pins fall back into the Petri
dish.
5. The wooden rod is replaced by the
soft iron rod and steps 2 to 4 are
repeated.

Results:

Discussion:

1. The number of pins attracted by

the coil with the soft iron rod is
signiGcantly more than the coil with
the wooden rod.
2. The soft iron rod concentrates the
magnetic lines to produce a
stronger magnetic Geld.

Conclusion:
The coil with the soft iron core produces
a stronger magnetic Geld.

Filed Under: Physics

Tagged With: factors affecting the strength of
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Comments

Sagar says
November 8, 2018 at
3:34 pm

What is the effect of increase in

potential difference with same
current?

Reply

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