81.

x2 y 0 + xy + x2 y 2 = 4 Yp = 2
x

y 0 + x1 y + y 2 = 4
x2

p(x)= 4 x22 q(x)= 2x4 ex r(x)= x2

4

Sea y = yp + z w = z −1

w0 − [p(x) + 2q(x)Y p] = q(x)

1
p(x) + 2q(x)Y p = x
+ 2( x2 ) = 1
x
+ 2( x2 ) = 5
x

w0 + − x5 w = 1

p1 (x)= − x5 q1 (x)= 1

dx 5
v = e5 x = e− ln x = x5

1
u= x5
dx

u = − 14 x−4 + C

w = − 14 x−4 + C x5

w = − x4 + x5 C

z −1 = − x4 + x5 C

y = yp + z
2 4
Solucion General: y= x
+ −x+4Cx5

82. 3y 0 + y 2 + 2
x2
=0 Yp = 1
x

y 0 + 13 y 2 + 23 x2 = 0
1 2
p(x)= 0 q(x)= 3 r(x)= 3 x2

Sea y = yp + z w = z −1

w0 − [p(x) + 2q(x)Y p] = q(x)

p(x) + 2q(x)Y p = 0 + 13 (2)( x1 ) = 2

3x

w0 − 2
3x
w = 1
3

1
 2 1
p1 (x)= − 3x q1 (x)= 3

2

dx 2 2
v = e3 x = e 3 ln x = x 3

1
u= 2 dx
3x 3
1
u = 13 (3)x 3 + C
1
u = x3 + C
 1  2
w = x3 + C x3
 2

w = −x + x 3 C
 2

z −1 = −x + x 3 C

y = yp + z
1 1
Solucion General: y= x
+  2 
−x+x 3 C

83. xy 0 − (2x + 1)y + y 2 = −x2 Yp =x

(2x+1)
y0 − x
y + x1 y 2 = −x
(2x+1) 1
p(x)= x
q(x)= x r(x)= −x2

Sea y = yp + z w = z −1

w0 − [p(x) + 2q(x)Y p] = q(x)

1
p(x) + 2q(x)Y p = −2 − x
+ ( x2 )x = − x1

w0 + x1 w = 1
x

1 1
p1 (x)= x q1 (x)= x

dx
v = e− x = e− ln x = 1
x

1
u= x
1 dx
x


u= dx

u=x+C

w = (x + C) x1

2
 C


w = 1+ x

z −1 = x+C


x

y = yp + z
x+C


Solucion General: y =x+ x

84. y 0 − 2xy + y 2 = 5 − x2 Yp =x+2

p(x)= −2x q(x)= 1 r(x)= 5 − x2

Sea y = yp + z y =x+2+z y0 = 1 + z0

Reemplazando en la ecuacion:

(1 + z 0 ) − 2x[(x + 2) + z] + [(x + 2) + z]2 = 5 − x2

1 + z 0 − 2x2 − 4x − 2xz + x2 + 4x + 4 + 2xz + 4z + z 2 = 5 − x2

0
z + 4z = z 2

p1 (x)= 4 q1 (x)= 1

t = vu


v = e−4 dx
= e−4x

1
u= e−4x
dx

u = 14 e4x + C
1 4x
+ C e−4x


t= 4
e
1


t= 4
+ Ce4x
 4x

z −1 = 1+4Ce
4

y = yp + z
4


Solucion General: y =x+2+ 1+4e4x

3
85) y 0 − 2yex − y 2 = e2x + ex Y p = ex

p(x) = e2x q(x) = −1 r(x) = e2x + ex

Seay = yp + z w = z −1

w0 − [p(x) + 2q(x)Y p] = q(x)

p(x) + 2q(x)Y p = 2ex − 2ex = 0

w0 = −1

dw
dx = −1



dw = − dx

w = −x + C

z −1 = (−x + C)

1
y = ex + C+x

SoluciÃ
3 nGeneral :
1
y= ex + C+x

86) y 0 + y + y 2 = 2 yp = 1

p (x) = 1 q (x) = 1 r (x) = 2

w = z −1

w0 − [1 + 2] w = 1

w0 − 3w = 1

p1 (x) = −3 q1 (x) = 1

w = uv



v=e 3dx u= e−3x dx

v = e3x u = − 31 e−3x + c

w = − 3e13x + c e3x = − 13 + ce3x

  

−1+3ce3x
z −1 = 3
 −1
−1+3ce3x
y =1+ 3

4
 y
87) y 0 = − x12 − x + y 2 yp = x−1

y
y0 + x − y 2 = − x12

1
p (x) = x q (x) = −1 r (x) = − x12

w = z −1

w0 − + 2 (−1) x−1
1

x w = −1

w0 −
1 2

x − x w = −1

1
p1 (x) = x q1 (x) = −1

w = uv


− dx


v=e x u= −1xdx

1 2
v= x u = − x2 + c
h 2 i 
w = − x2 + c x1 = − x2 + c
x

−x2 +2c
z −1 = 2x
 −1
−1 x2 +2c
y=x + 2x

2 cos2 x−sin2 x+y 2

88) y 0 = 2 cos x yp = sin x

sin2 x y2
y 0 = cos x − 2 cos x + 2 cos x

y2 sin2 x
y0 − 2 cos x = cos x − 2 cos x

sin2 x
p (x) = 0 q (x) = − 21 sec x r (x) = cos x − 2 cos x

w = z −1

w0 − 2 − 21 sec x (sin x) w = − 21 sec x




w0 + [tan x] w = − 12 sec x

p1 (x) = tan x q1 (x) = − 12 sec x

w = uv


− tan xdx

1
− 2 cos
v=e u= cos x
x

1
v = eln(cos x) u=− 2 cos2 x

5


v = cos x u = − 21 sec2 x; u = − 12 tan x + c

w = − 21 tan x + c [cos x] = − 21 sin x + cos xc

 

z −1 = − sin x+2C
2
cos x

sin x+2C cos x −1

y = sin x − 2

89) y 0 + y 2 = − 14 x2
q(x) = x0 ; y =Yp+z ; p(x) = 0 ; w = z −1 paraRicatti. Yp= 1
2x

h i
w0 − 6 2 621x w = 1

1
p(x) = x ; q(x) = 1 para Bernoulli

dx
dx
u=e x =x ; v= x = ln x

w = (ln x + C)x

z −1 = x ln x + xC
1 1
y= 2x + x(ln x+C)

90) xy 0 = y 2 − 2xy + x2 + 2x − y Yp=x

y2 y
y0 = x − 2y + x + 2 − x

y0 = − 2 + 1 1 2


x y+ x2
y +x+2

p(x) = (2 + x1 ) ; q(x) = 1
x ; y = Y p + z; w = z −1 para Ricatti
h i
w0 − 2 + 1
x − 2 6x1 6 x w = − x1
h i
62x+1−62x
w0 − x w = − x1

w0 − x1 w = − x1

p(x) = − x1 ; q(x) = − x1 para Bernoulli

dx
− x1
1 1
v=e x =x ; u= x =− x2
= x

w = ( x1 + C)xx

z −1 = ( x1 + C)x
1
y =x+ 1+Cx

91) x2 y 0 = x2 y 2 + xy + 1

6
 y
y0 = y2 + x + 1
x2
Y p = − x1

p(x) = x1 ; q(x) = x0 ; y = Y p + z; w = z −1 para Ricatti

w0 − − x1 + x2 w = 1
 

w0 − x1 w = 1

p(x) = − dx
x ; q(x) = 1 para Bernoulli

dx
−1
v=e x =x ; u= x = − ln x

w = (− ln x + C)x

w = Cx − x ln x

z −1 = Cx − x ln x

y = − x1 + 1
Cx−x ln x

92) x2 y 0 + (xy + 2)2 = 0 Yp= 1

x

x2 y 0 + x2 y 2 − 4xy + 4 = 0

y 0 + y 2 − x4 y + 4
x2
=0

p(x) = − x4 ; q(x) = x0 ; y = Y p + z; w = z −1 para Ricatti

w0 − (− x4 + 2 x1 )w = 1

w0 + x2 w = 1
2
p(x) = x ; q(x) = 1 ; para Bernoulli


−2 dx 1

dx

x3
v=e x = x2
; u= 1 = x2 dx = 3
x2

 
x3 1
w= 3 +C x2

x C
w= 3 + x2

x3 +3C
z −1 = 3x2

1 3x2
y= x + x3 +3C

x3 +3C+3x3
y= x(x3 +3C)

4x3 +3C
y= x4 +3Cx

y(x4 + 3Cx) = 4x3 + 3C

y(x4 + Cx) = 4x3 + C

7
 93). y 0 + y 2 = 2x−2 Yp= 2
x

Seay = yp + z y= 2
x +z y 0 = − x22 + z 0

Reemplazando en la ecuaciÃ
3n :

(− x22 + z 0 ) + ( x2 + z)2 = 2
x2

− x22 + z 0 + 4
x2
+ x4 z + z 2 = 2
x2

0
z + x4 z = z 2

n = 2, t = z −2+1 = z −1
0
z − x4 z = 1

p1 (x) = − x4 q1 (x) = 1

t = vu

dx
v = e4 x = e4 ln x = x4

1
u= x4
dx

u = − 13 x−3 + C

t = − 13 x−3 + C x4

z −1 = − 31 x + Cx4

y = yp + z

Solucion General:
2

−1
y= x + − 13 x + Cx4

94) 4y 0 + y 2 = −4x−2 Yp= 2

x

Seay = yp + z y= 2
x +z y 0 = − x22 + z 0

Reemplazando en la ecuaciÃ
3n :

(− x22 + z 0 ) + 14 ( x2 + z)2 = − x12

− x22 + z 0 + 1
x2
+ x1 z + 14 z 2 = − x12
0
z + x1 z = − 14 z 2

8
n = 2, t = z −2+1 = z −1
0
z − x1 z = 1
4

p1 (x) = − x1 q1 (x) = 1
4

t = vu

dx
v=e x = eln x = x

1

1
u= 4 x dx

1
u= 4 ln x + C

1


t= 4 ln x + C x

z −1 = 1


4 x ln x + Cx

y = yp + z

Solucion General:
2 1

−1
y= x + 4 x ln x + Cx