LATIHAN - 2

MATA KULIAH : Aplikasi Komputer

NAMA : Sartika Nur Aisyah
MATERI : Ms.Office
SEMESTER : II
KELAS : 2A / D3
HARI/TANGGAL :

Effects of the Column and Mobile Phase Flow In GC

Why are modern GC based on a capillary column?

Back in the van Deenter Eqn, H = A+ B/u+Cu
Remember , u = flow rate
A = multiple pants
B/u = longitudinal diffusion effect
Cu = MT effect
We want tominimize H as much as possible
Which of the above affects H the most in GC?

 B/u effects!
 Diffusion coefficient are large in the gas phase
𝐿
𝜎 = √2𝐷
𝑢
Simply increasing the flow rate partially addresses the B/u effects in GC, but let’s now
consider the column itself.

“Older” packed column

 Usualy 1/8” (3.2 mm OD,2.2 mm I.D.) diameter, 1-2 m length
 Design impedes gas flow
“Newer” capillary column
 0.25 mm inner diameter
 Major point,less restricted flow path
 Flow rate about 20 ml/minor 20 cm/min
Other major factors that influence the performance of capillary column relative to pack ones
are evident in the table below
Typing 1/8”
Spesificatoin Typical capillary Comments
packed
0.25 mm No packing material
I.D. 2.2 mm
0.1 – 0.53 mm less restricted flow
 Typing 1/8”
Spesificatoin Typical capillary Comments
packed

MT for s.p. part of

Cu
Dr 5 𝜇𝑚 0.25 𝜇𝑚 2
𝑓(𝑘 ′ )𝑑
𝑓
𝐶𝑠 = 𝛼
𝐷𝑠

L 1-2 m 10-60 m HN = L

N 4,000 180,000

 Lower cost  Higher sep, efficiency

Adventages  Easy to make  Faster sep,
 Larger samples  Better for complex mixtures

GC stationary phases.
Older packed column – uniform silica particles (150-250𝜇𝑚) required to ensure uniform
path lenght (the “A” term in the van Deenter Eqn.) Surface are chemically modified (see
below). The column themselves were either glass or stainless steel.

Capillary column – fused silica which like the particles in the packed column require
chemical modification (below).

Mobile Phase
Stationary
OH OH OH OH OH OH OH OH
I I I I I I I I

silica