H2SO4 + ethanol Acetate (CH3COO or

Fruity odor (ethyl acetate)

(CH3C2OH) C2H3O2-)
H2SO4 + methanol
Borate (BO33-) Green bordered flame
(CH3OH)
H2SO4 + sodium
bisulfite (cold)
Iodide decolorized
H2SO4 + oxalic acid
(hot)
Fluorescin test Saccharin Fluorescent green liquid
H2S Zinc White ppt (zinc sulfide)
Thiosulfate White ppt turning yellow
HCl
Silver
White curdy ppt insol in HNO3, sol in NH3
Chloride
Phosphate (PO43-) Yellow ppt
AgNO3
Arsenite (AsO33-) Yellow ppt sol in HNO3
Chocolate brown ppt sol in HNO3
Arsenate (AsO43-)
Citrate (C6H5O73-) Carmine red
Denige’s reagent
Tartrate Emerald green
Salicylate Violet
Ferric chloride (FeCl3) Dark violet that quickly disappears
Thiosulfate
Fe + HCl Copper Red film deposits on Fe
Ammonium
Ferric salts Blood red (ferric thiocyanate)
thiocyanate
Blue ppt (Co(OH)2; boiling) -> olive green -
Cobalt
> rose green
NaOH
Grayish green slug that dissolves with
Chromium
excess reagent
Nickel Reddish brown ppt sol in HCl
α-nitro-β-naphthol
Cobalt Brown ppt sol in HCl
Ammonium TS Aluminium Gelatinous ppt dissolves in excess NH4 TS
PO43- Yellow ppt in HNO3 and NH3
Ammonium molybdate
AsO43- Yellow ppt
Aluminon reagent Aluminium Red lake
Acidic cobalt soln NH4SCN Intense blue complex
Acidic aqueous soln Carbonate (CO32-) Effervescence
Acids Salicylate White ppt (salicylic acid)
White crystals (KC4H5O6) insol in ethanol
Tartaric acid Potassium
and glacial acetic acid, sol in NaOH
KNO2 + acetic acid Cobalt Yellow ppt
Potassium Copper Green ppt and blue soln with ammonia
ferrocyanide
Chlorine water or
Iodide Violet
KMnO4 soln
Phenolphthalein CO32- Red
Carbon tetrachloride
Bromine Orange
(CCl4)
Turmeric paper BO33- Orange + NaOH -> olive green
Magnesia mixture (AsO33-) Differentiating test for arsenate and
arsenite
Dimethylglyoxime Nickel Bright red crystal ppt insol in NH3

Chemical Non-luminous Under cobalt

flame glass
Sodium Yellow Nil
Potassium Violet Crimson
Lithium Carmine red Purple
Calcium Brick red Light green
Strontium Crimson red Purple
Barium Yellowish green Bluish-green