Gauss Seidel Method

Problem 1:

12x1+3x2-5x3 = 1

x1+5x2-3x3 = 28

3x1+7x2-13x3 = 76

Find [x1, x2, x3] after 2 iterations, starting from [x1 x2 x3] = [1 0 1]

1−3 x 2 +5 x 3
x 1=
12
28−x 1−3 x 3
x 2=
5
76−3 x 1−7 x 2
x 3=
13
Iteration 1

[x1 x2 x3] = [1 0 1]

1−3 ( 0 ) +5(1)
x 1= =0.5
12
28−0.5−3(1)
x 2= =4.9
5
76−3(0.5)−7(4.9)
x 3= =3.0923
13
New: [x1 x2 x3] = [0.5 4.9 3.0923]

Old: [x1 x2 x3] = [1 0 1]

|∊a|1=|0.5−1
0.5 |
×100=100

|∊ |2=| 4.9 |×100=100

4.9−0
a

|∊ |3=| 3.0923 |×100=67.662

3.0923−1
a

Max (100, 100, 67.662) =100%

Iteration 2

[x1 x2 x3] = [0.5 4.9 3.0923]

 1−3 x 2 +5 x 3 1−3 ( 04.9 )+ 5(3.0923)
x 1= = =0.14679
12 12
28−x 1+ 3 x 3 28−0.14679−3(3.0923)
x 2= =¿ =3.7153
5 5
76−3 x 1−7 x 2 76−3(0.14679)−7 (3.7153)
x 3= = =3.8118
13 13
New: [x1 x2 x3] = [0.14679, 3.7153, 3.8118]

Old: [x1 x2 x3] = [0.5 4.9 3.0923]

|∊a|1=|0.14679−0.5
0.14679 |
× 100=240.62

|∊ |2=| 3.7153 |×100=31.887

3.7153−4.9
a

|∊ |3=| 3.8118 |×100=18.876

3.8118−3.0923
a

Max ( 240.62,31.887, 18.876 ¿=240.62

At the end of 6th iteration [0.99919, 3.0001, 4.0001]

Exact [1 3 4]

Problem 2:

Perform Three iterations to get the solution of

2x1-x2-7x3 = 3

5x1-2x2+3x3 = -1

-3x1+9x2+x3 = 2

Also determine %∊R after the third iteration

Rearrange

5x1-2x2+3x3 = -1

-3x1+9x2+x3 = 2

2x1-x2-7x3 = 3

Formula:

1
x 1= (−1+2 x 2−3 x 3 )
5
 1
x 2= (2+ 3 x 1−x 3 )
9
−1
x 3= (3−2 x 1+ x2 )
7
x1(0) = x2(0) = x3(0) = 0

Iteration 1

1
x 1=
5
[−1+2 ( 0 ) −3 ( 0 ) ]=−0.20
1
x 2= [2=3 (−0.20 )−0]=0.15556
9
−1
x 3=
7
[ 3−2 (−0.20 )+ 0.15556 ]=−0.50794

Iteration 2

1
x 1=
5
[−1+2 ( 0.15556 ) −3 (−0.50794 ) ]=0.16610
1
x 2=
9
[ 2+3 ( 0.16610 )− (−0.50794 ) ]=.33403
−1
x 3=
7
[ 3−2 ( 0.16610 ) +.33403 ]=−0.42883
Iteration 3

1
x 1=
5
[−1+2 ( .33403 )−3 (−0.42883 ) ]=0.19091
1
x 2=
9
[ 2+3 ( 0.19091 )−(−0.42883 ) ]=0.33351
−1
x 3=
7
[ 3−2 ( 0.19091 )+ 0.33351 ]=−0.42167

|∊a|1= |0.190919−0.16610
0.19091 |× 100=12.99
|∊a|2= |0.33351−.33403
0.33351 |×100=0.16
 |∊a|3= |−0.42167−(−0.42883)
−0.42167 |
× 100=1.70

Problem 3

The system of equations

[ ][ ] [ ]
25 5 1 x1 106.8
64 8 1 x2 = 177.2
144 12 1 x3 279.2

Initial Guess: Assume an initial guess of:

[ ][]
x1 1
x2 = 2
x3 5

106.8−5 x2 −x3
x 1=
25
177.2−64 x 2−x 3
x 2=
8
279.2−144 x 1−12 x 2
x 3=
1

Iteration 1

106.8−5 ( 2 )−5
x 1= =3.6720
25
177.2−64 ( 3.6720 )−5
x 2= =−7.8510
8
279.2−144 ( 3.6720 )−12(−7.8510)
x 3= =−155.36
1

|∊a|1= |3.6720−1.0000
3.6720 |×100=72.76
|∊a|2= |−7.8510−2.0000
−7.8510 |×100=125.47
 |∊a|3= |−155.36−5.0000
−155.36 |×100=103.22
Iteration 2
Using

[][ ]
x1 3.7620
x 2 −7.8510
=
x 3 −155.36

106.8−5 (−7.8510 )−155.36

x 1= =12.056
25
177.2−64 ( 12.056 )−155.36
x 2= =−54.882
8
279.2−144 ( 12.056 )−12(−54.882)
x 3= =−798.34
1

|∊a|1= |3.6720−1.0000
3.6720 |×100=72.76
|∊a|2=|−7.8510−2.0000
−7.8510 |×100=125.47
|∊ |3=| −155.36 |×100=103.22
−155.36−5.0000
a