Thermodynamics

1. Five kilograms water enters the heater at 25 C and leaves the heater at 180 F. Determine hte
heat added in kw.
Ans. 1198 KW

2. Steam enters a turbine 80 lbs of steam per minute with an enthalphy of 1700 btu/lb and velocity
of 98 ft/s. It leaves the turbine at 1400 btu/lb at 80 ft/s. The heat loss is 90,000 Btu/hr. Find the
horsepower output of the turbine.
Ans. 501.62 hp

3. Steam enters a turbine stage with an enthalpy of 3620 KJ/kg at 75 m/s and leaves the same
stage with an enthalpy of 2800 KJ/kg at 128 m/s. Calculate the work done by steam.
Ans. 814.62 KJ/kg

4. A steam turbine developed 2372.20 Hp when its inlet condition is 1300 Btu/lb enthalpy and 400
ft/s velocity and steam flow of 200 lb/min. The exit enthalpy is 800 Btu/lb. Find the exit velocity.
Ans. 50fps

5. The mass flow rate of the gas in a gas turbine is 40 kg/sec. The specific enthalpy and velocity in
the inlet are 1300 kj/kg and 160 m/sec respectively while in the outlet are 350 kj/kg and 50 m/s
respectively. Calculate the power output in KW of the turbine if there is a heat loss of 1000 KW.
Ans. 37462

6. A house is to be heated by hot water that recieves heat from a furnace. Air with a enthalpy of
305 KJ/kg and fuel with an enthalpy of 45360 KJ/kg enters the furnace and the gases leaving
have a enthalpy of 608 kj/kg. There are 17 kg-air per kg-fuel and the water for heating recieves
18.3 KW of heat by circulating through the furnace. What is the fuel consumption in kg/hr?
Ans. 1863

7. An engine has a bore of 15 cm and stroke of 48 cm. If the volumetric compression is 2200 cu.
Cm, find the engine efficiency.
Ans. 46.2

8. An ideal gas with a molecular weight of 7.1 kg/kg mol is compressed from 600 kpa and 280 K to
a final specific volume of 0.5 m3/kg. During the process the pressure varies according to p = 600
+150v +95v2 where p is in kPa and v m3/kg. Calculate the work of compression inKJ/kg.
Ans. 32.8
9. Air is used in a Carnot engine where the volumes at the beginning of the constant temperature
heat addition and the constant temperature heat rejection are 0.356 m3 and 5.573 m3
respectively. Calculate the thermal efficiency.
Ans. 0.667

10. At the start compression an ideasl Diesel cycle the pressure is 15 psia, a temperature of 81 F and
a specific volume of 14.2 cu.ft /lb. If the compression ratio of 12 and heat addition is 370 Btu per
pound, calculate the horsepower developed using 0.5 pound per second air.
Ans. 147.49

11. A diesel engine is operating on a 4-stroke cycle, has a heat rate of 10,000 KJ/KW-hr brake. The
compression ratio is 10. The cut-off ratio is 2. Using k = 1.32, what is brake engine efficiency.
Ans. 78.72

12. Determine the air-standard efficiency of an engine operating on the diesel cycle with clearance
of 6% when the suction pressure is 100 kpa and the fuel is injected for 5% of the stroke. Assume
K = 1.4.
Ans. 63.68%

13. In an ideal diesel cycle, at the start of the compression process the pressure is 14.7 psia, the
temperature is 70 F and the volume is 6.8 cu. Ft. The compression ratio for the cycle is 15, and
the heat added is 190 btu. At the end of compression process the pressure is 670 psia, and the
temperature is 1110 F. Using constant specific heat, calcualte the maximum temperature in the
cycle, F.
Ans. 2659.52 F

14. Calculate the thermal efficiency of an air-standard limited pressure cycle with a compression
ratio of 23, initial pressure and temperature of 100kpa and 25 C respectively, a pressure limited
of 12 Mpa, and total heat input of 1500 kj/kg of air.
Ans. 0.648