1.

CIRCULAR MOTION
1. Calculate the angular velocity and linear Formula :
velocity of a tip of minute hand of v = πnr
2π
length 10 cm. Solution :
Given : i) Tangential velocity of,
T = 60 min. = 60 × 60 s the tip of blade,
= 3600 s vT = πnr.r1
2π
1
l = 10 cm = 0.1 m = 2 × 3.14 × 30 × 2
To Find : ∴ vT = 376.8 m/s
1
ω = ?
ii) Tangential velocity at a point
v = ?
midway between between tip and
Formula :
axis,
2π vT = πnr2
2π
ω = 2
T = 2 × 3.14 × 30 × 1
v = rω ∴ vT = 188.4 m/s
2
Solution :
3. A car of mass 2000 kg moves round a
2π curve of radius 250 m at 90 km/hr.
ω =
T Compute :
2 × 3.142 i) angular speed
= ii) centripetal acceleration
3600
iii) centripetal force.
∴ ω = 1.744 × 10–3 rad/s
Given :
v = rω m = 2000 kg,
–3
= 0.1 × 1.745 × 10 r = 250 m,
∴ v = 1.745 × 10–4 m/s v = 90 km/h
5
2. Propeller blades in aeroplane are 2 m = 90 × = 25 m/s
long 18
i) When propeller is rotating at To Find :
1800 rev/min, compute the i) ω = ?
tangential velocity of tip of the ii) acp = ?
blade. iii) Fcp = ?
ii) What is the tangential velocity at a Formula :
point on blade midway between tip v
and axis ? i) ω =
r
Given :
ii) acp = ω2 r
r1 = 2 m,
n = 1800 r.p.m mv 2
iii) Fcp =
1800 r
= = 30 r.p.s
60 Solution :
To Find : 25
i) Tangential velocity, vT = ? ω =
1 250
ii) Tangential velocity, vT = ? ∴ ω = 0.1 rad/s
1
Circular Motion
 .. 2 MAHESH TUTORIALS SCIENCE

acp = ω2 r To Find :
acp = (0.1)2 × 250 θ = ?
∴ acp = 2.5 m/s2 µ = ?
Formula :
mv 2
Fcp = v2
r tan θ = rg
2
2000 × ( 25 ) v2
Fcp =
250 µ = rg
∴ Fcp = 5000 N Solution :

4. A bucket containing water is whirled ( 5 )2

in a vertical circle at arms length. Find tan θ =
25 × 9.8
the minimum speed at top to ensure that
tan θ = 0.1021
no water spills out. Also find
corresponding angular speed. ∴ θ = tan–1 (0.021) = 50 50′′
[Assume r = 0.75 m]
Given : v2
∴ µ = = 0.1021
r = 0.75 m, rg
g = 9.8 m/s2
To Find : 6. A stone weighing 1 kg is whirled in a
VTop = ? vertical circle at the end of a rope of
ω = ? length 0.5 m.
Formula : Find the tension at
i) lowest position
VTop = rg ii) mid position
iii) highest position
VTop
ω = Given :
r m = 1 kg
Solution : r = 0.5 m
g = 9.8 m/s2
VTop = 0.75 × 9.8
To Find :
∴ VTop = 2.711 m/s i) TL = ?
2.711 ii) TM = ?
ω =
0.75 iii) T H = ?
∴ ω = 3.615 rad/s Formula :
mv 2L
5. A motor cyclist at a speed of 5 m/s is i) TL = + mg
describing a circle of radius 25 m. Find r
his inclination with vertical. What is the mv 2m
value of coefficient of friction between ii) TM =
r
tyre and ground ?
Given : mvH2
v = 5 m/s2 iii) TH = – mg
r
r = 25 m
g = 9.8 m/s2
Circular Motion
MAHESH TUTORIALS SCIENCE .. 3

Solution : r
∴ v2 = (T – mg)
Since, v2L = 5rg m max

 5rg  T 
∴ TL = m + g = 6mg ∴ v2 = r  max – g 
 r   m 
= 6 × 1 × 9.8 = 58.8 N
 5 × 9.8 
∴ TL = 58.8 N = 0.5  – 9.8 
 0.5 
Since, v2M = 3rg = 49 – 4.9 = 44.1
 3rg  ∴ v = 44.1 = 6.64 m/s
TM = m  = 3 mg
 r  v
= 3 × 1 × 9.8 = 29.4 N
nmax =
2 πr
[∵ v = rω
ω]
∴ TM = 29.4 N
6.64
=
Since, v2H = rg 2 × 3.14 × 0.5
 rg  = 2.115 r.p.s
TH = m  – g = 0 ∴ nmax = 2.115 × 60
 r 
nmax = 126.9 r.p.m
∴ TH = 0
8. A motor van weighing 4400 kg rounds
7. An object of mass 0.5 kg attached to a a level curve of radius 200 m on
rod of length 0.5 m is whirled in a unbanked road at 60 km/hr. What
vertical circle at constant angular speed. should be minimum value of coefficient
If the maximum tension in the string is of friction to prevent skidding ? At what
5 kg wt Calculate. angle the road should be banked for this
i) Speed of stone velocity ?
ii) Maximum number of revolutions Given :
it can complete in a minute. m = 4400 kg
Given : r = 200 m
m = 0.5 kg, v = 60 km/hr
r = l = 0.5 m,
5 50
Tmax = 5 kg wt. = 5 × 9.8 N = 60 × = m/s
18 3
To Find :
g = 9.8 m/s2
i) speed of stone, v = ?
To Find :
ii) maximum number of revolutions i) µ = ?
in one minute = ? ii) θ = ?
Formula : Formula :
mv 2 i) v = µrg
i) Tmax = + mg
r
v2
v ii) tan θ =
ii) n = rg
2 πr
Solution :
Solution :
mv 2 v2
Tmax = + mg µ =
r rg
Circular Motion
 .. 4 MAHESH TUTORIALS SCIENCE

( 50 / 3 )2 25 T′ =
mg
= = cos θ
200 × 9.8 18 × 9.8
∴ µ = 0.1417 0.1 × 9.8
∴ T′ =
∴
tan θ
θ
=
=
0.1417
tan–1 (0.1417)
(
cos 90 19' )
∴ θ = 8 04 ′ 0.98
=
0.9868
9. A string of length 0.5 m carries a bob of ∴ T′ = 0.993 N
mass 0.1 kg at its end. It is used as a
conical pendulum with a period 1.41 sec. 10. A pilot of mass 50 kg in a jet aircraft
Calculate angle of inclination of string while executing a loop–the–loop with
with vertical and tension in the string. constant speed of 250 m/s. If the radius
[Note : There is a correction in the question] of circle is 5 km, compute the force
Given : exerted by seat on the pilot
l = 0.5 m i) at the top of loop
m = 0.1 kg ii) at the bottom loop.
T = 1.41 sec
To Find : mv2
θ = ? Pilot r
tension in the string T′ = ?
N1
Formula : mg
l cos θ
T = 2π
g
N2
T′ cos θ Pilot
mg θ
Tension, (T′) = T θ mg
cos θ mv2
r
Solution : Given :
l cos θ mg m = 50 kg
T = π
2π r = 5 km
g
v = 250 m/s = 5 × 103 m
0.5 × cos θ To Find :
∴ 1.41 = 2 × 3.142 i) Ftop = ?
9.8
ii) Fbottom = ?
1.41 cos θ Formula :
∴ =
2 × 3.142 19.6
mv 2
2
i) Ftop = N1 = – mg
 1.41  cos θ r
∴   =
 2 × 3.142  19.6 mv 2
∴ cos θ = 0.9868 ii) Fbottom = N2 = + mg
r
∴ θ = cos–1(0.9868)
∴ θ = 90 19′
Circular Motion
MAHESH TUTORIALS SCIENCE .. 5

Solution : 12. A block of mass 1 kg is released from P

2 on a frictionless truck which ends in
50 × ( 250 ) quarter circular track of radius 2 m at
Ftop = – 50 × 9.8
5 × 10 2 the bottom as shown in figure. What is
= 625 – 490 the magnitude of radial acceleration and
total acceleration of the block when it
∴ Ftop = 135 N
arrive at Q ?
2
50 × ( 250 )
Fbottom = + 50 × 9.8 P
5 × 103
= 625 + 490
∴ Fbottom = 1115 N
H = 6m
Q
11. A ball is released from height h along
2m
the slope and move along a circular track
of radius R without falling vertically
downwards as shown in the figure. Given :
H = 6m
5 r = 2m
Show that h = R
2 u = 0 (... body starts from rest)
To Find :
i) aR = ?
h ii) aTotal = ?
R Formula :
v2
i) aR =
r
B
Proof : ii) aTotal = aR2 + a T2
PE = KE Solution :
1 Height lost by the body = 6–2
mgh = mv B2 = 4m
2
From equation of motion
5  VB = 5Rg  v2 = u2 + 2gh
∴ mgh = mgR  2  ∴ v 2
= 0 + 2 × 9.8 × 4 = 78.4
2  VB = 5Rg 
Hence according to law of conservation v2 78.4
aR = =
of energy, r 2
∴ aR = 39.2 m/s2
5
∴ gh = gR aT = g = 9.8 m/s2
2
5 aTotal = ( 39.2 )2 + ( 9.8 )2
∴ h = R
2
= 1536.64 + 96.04
= 1632.68
∴ aTotal = 40.4 m/s2
Circular Motion
 .. 6 MAHESH TUTORIALS SCIENCE

13. A circular race course track has a radius To Find :

of 500 m and is banked to 100 . If the i) ω = ?
coefficient of friction between tyres of ii) v = ?
vehicle and the road suface is 0.25. iii) α = ?
Compute. iv) aR = ?
i) the maximum speed to avoid v) aT = ?
slipping vi) a = ?
ii) the optimum speed to avoid wear Formula :
and tear of tyres (g = 9.8 m/s2) 2π
Given : i) ω =
T
r = 500
θ = 100 ii) v = rω
µ = 0.25 dω
iii) α =
To Find : dt
i) vmax = ? iv) aR = ω
vω
ii) v0 = ? v) aT = αr
Formula :
vi) a = aR2 + a2T aR2 + aT2
 µ + tan θ  Solution :
i) vmax = rg  s 
 1 + µ s tan θ  2π
ω =
ii) v0 = rg tan θ T
Solution : 2 × 3.142
ω =
43200
 0.25 + tan 100  ∴ ω = 1.454 × 10–4 rad/s
vmax = 500 × 9.8  0
 1 – 0.25 × tan 10  v = rω
∴ vmax = 46.72 m/s v = 1.5 × 10–2 × 1.46 × 10–4
∴ v = 2.19 × 10–6 m/s
0 Since angular velocity of hour hand is
v0 = 500 × 9.8 × tan 10
constant, α = 0
∴ v0 = 500 × 9.8 × 0.176 ∴ aT = αr
∴ v0 = 29.37 m/s aT = 0
aR = vωω
14. The length of hour hand of a wrist watch aR = 2.182 × 16–6 × 1.454 × 10–4
is 1.5 cm. Find magnitude of ∴ aR = 3.175 × 10–10 m/s2
i) angular velocity
a = aR2 + aT2
ii) linear velocity
iii) angular acceleration
= aR2 + 0
iv) radial accelerartion
v) tangential acceleration = aR
vi) linear acceleration of a particle on a = 3.175 × 10–10
tip of hour hand. ∴ a = 3.175 × 10–10 m/s2
Given :
T = 12 × 60 × 60 = 43200 s
r = 1.5 cm
= 1.5 × 10–2 m
Circular Motion