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d 2.4 daN
qtrn = g mb
n
× + pDn × d + gCn 16 = 18.25 × + 75 × 2.4 + 14.2= 239.8
cos α cos16° ml
d 2.4 daN
qtr = g mb × + pD × d + gC16 = 20 × + 105 × 2.4 + 15.62 = 317.6
cos α cos16° ml
daN
qxn= q n × cos α= 239.8 × cos16°= 230.5
ml
daN
qx = q × cos α = 317.6 × cos16° = 305.3
ml
daN
q ny= q n × sin α= 239.8 × sin16°= 66.1
ml
daN
q y = q × sin α = 317.6 × sin16° = 87.6
ml
Trau punon në përkulje të pjerrët siç mund të vihet re edhe nga forcat vepruese.
• Skema llogaritëse:
Mx qx ⋅ l x2 305.3 ⋅ 72
σ Mx = M
= max
x = = 1870daNm
Wx 8 8
My q y ⋅ l y2 87.6 ⋅ 3.52
max
σ My
= M
= =y = 134.2daNm
Wy 8 8
• Dimensionim:
1) Kushti në soliditet
daN
σ = σ Mx + σ My ≤ R për çelik të markës Ç3 kemi R = 2100
cm 2
Mx My Wx
σ= + ≤R këshillohet k= = 6÷8 Pranoj k=7
Wx Wy Wy
M x M y 187000daNcm 13420daNcm
Wxnev
= 1 + ⋅ k=
1+ 133.8cm
⋅ 7= 3
R Mx daN
2100 2 187000daNcm
cm
2) Kushti në deformacion
L 700
F=
max [=
F] = = 3.5cm (për mbulesa të pashfrytëzueshme)
200 200
5 qxn ⋅ l x4
F= Fx2 + Fy2 = Fxmax = ≤ [ F ] sepse Fy = 0
384 E ⋅ I x
daN
× ( 700cm )
4
230.5 ⋅ 10−2
5 qxn ⋅ l x4
nev 5 cm = 980.5cm 4
=I =
384 E ⋅ [ F ] 384 2.1 ⋅ 10 daN / cm 2 × 3.5cm
x 6
Wx = 133.8cm
nev 3
Wx = 152cm 3
3
Wy 20.5cm ⇒ C 20
=
4
I x = 1520cm
2) Kushti në deformim
5 qxn ⋅ l x4
=Fx ≤ [F ]
384 E ⋅ I x
daN
× ( 700cm )
4
230.5 ⋅ 10−2
5 cm
F= = 2.26cm ≤ [ F=
] 3.5cm
384 2.1 × 106 daN × 1520cm 4
x
cm 2
• Dimensionimi i tirantit
daN
R y= 1.25q y ⋅ l y= 1.25 ⋅ 87.6 ⋅ 3.5m
m
= 383.3daN
N N 958.3daN
Nga kushti në soliditet kemi σ= ≤ R ⋅ m ⇒ Fneto= = = 0.57cm 2
Fneto R ⋅ m 2100 daN
⋅ 0.8
cm 2
Nga tabela 15sh, pranoj tirant me diametër φ = 12mm .
• Ngarkesat e përheshme:
daN daN daN
- prej traut tërthor dopioT: g n = 12 g 12
= × 1.1
= 13.2 2
m2 m 2
m
daN daN daN
- prej termoizolimit: g n = 24 2 =g 24 2 × 1.2= 28.8 2
m m m
daN daN daN
- prej rrjetës me shufra të rrumbullakta: g n = 15 2 g 15 2 × 1.1
= = 16.5 2
m m m
daN daN daN
- prej suvatimit: g n = 80 2 =g 80 2 × 1.2= 96 2
m m m
daN daN daN
- prej rrjetit të instalimeve të ventilimit: g n = 65 2 =g 65 2 × 1.2= 78 2
m m m
n daN daN
gtav = 12 + 24 + 15 + 80 + 65 = 196 gtav = 13.2 + 28.8 + 16.5 + 96 + 78= 232.5
m2 m2
daN daN daN
- prej peshës vetjake të traut dopioT22: g n = 24 g 24
= 1.1 26.4 2
×=
m2 m 2
m
• Ngarkesat e përkohshme:
n daN daN
ptav = 75 ptav =75 × 1.4 =105
m2 m2
daN
qtrn = gtav
n n
× d + ptav × d + g In22 = 196 ⋅ 2.4 + 75 ⋅ 2.4 + 24= 674.4
m
daN
qtr = gtav × d + ptav × d + g I 22 = 232.5 ⋅ 2.4 + 105 ⋅ 2.4 + 26.4= 836.4
m
• Skema llogaritëse:
qx ⋅ l x2 836.4 ⋅ 72
max
M
=
= x
8 8
= 5123daN ⋅ m
• Dimensionim:
1) Kushti në soliditet
Mx M xmax 512300daN ⋅ cm
σ Mx= ≤ R ⇒ Wxnev= = = 244cm 3
Wx R daN
2100 2
cm
2) Kushti në deformim
L 700
Fx ,max ≤ [ F ] = = = 3.5cm
200 200
5 qxn ⋅ l x4
Fx ,max
= ≤ [F ]
384 E ⋅ I x
daN
× ( 700cm )
4
674.4 ⋅ 10−2
5 qxn ⋅ l x4 5 cm
⇒
= I xnev = = 2869cm 4
384 E ⋅ [ F ] 384 2.1 × 106
daN
⋅ 3.5cm
cm 2
Wxnev = 244cm 3
Me këto të dhëna nev 4
shkoj në tabelën 21sh dhe zgjedh profilin dopio T24 me të dhëna
I x = 2869cm
Wx = 289cm
3
4
⇒ I 24
I x = 3460cm
5 qxn ⋅ l x4
=Fx ≤ [F ]
384 E ⋅ I x
daN
× ( 700cm )
4
674.4 ⋅ 10−2
5 cm
Fx= = 2.9cm ≤ [ F ]= 3.5cm
384 2.1 × 106 daN 4
× 3460cm
cm 2
n daN daN
g mb = 18.25 g mb = 20
m2 m2
daN daN
pDn = 75 2 pD = 105 2
m m
daN daN
gCn 20 = 18.4 gC 20 = 20.24
m m
n daN daN
gtav = 196 2 gtav = 232.5 2
m m
n daN daN
ptav = 75 2 ptav = 105 2
m m
daN daN
g In24 = 27.3 g I 24 = 30.03
m m
n L L
g mb B + pDn BL + gtav
n
B n
+ ptav BL + nC 20 gCn 20 B + nI 24 g In24 B
cos α cos β
qn =
B×L
19.2
18.25 ⋅ 7 ⋅+ 75 ⋅ 7 ⋅ 19.2 + 196 ⋅ 7 ⋅ 19.2 + 75 ⋅ 7 ⋅ 19.2 + 10 ⋅ 18.4 ⋅ 7 + 9 ⋅ 27.3 ⋅ 7
qn = cos16°
7 ⋅ 19.2
daN
q n = 387.4 2
m
n qn × B 387.4 × 7 daN
g pvk = 1.5 1.8 + L= 1.5 1.8 + 19.2 =
130
1000 1000 ml
daN
g pvk = g npvk × 1.1 = 130 × 1.1 = 143
ml
BREZI I SIPERM
7 -67088 -13524 -22516 -28649 -13524 -22529 -28662 -95750 -118668 -118668
8 -67097 -13464 -22568 -28655 -13464 -22568 -28655 -95752 -118676 -118676
9 64370 21639 12904 27480 21640 12904 27481 91851 113835 113835
10 58505 18950 12732 25092 18944 12731 25086 83597 103665 103665
11 58000 18762 12654 24879 18755 12653 24871 82879 102775 102775
12 39155 10715 10700 16877 10711 10697 16871 56032 69528 69528
13 39155 10700 10715 16877 10697 10711 16871 56032 69528 69528
14 58000 12654 18762 24879 12653 18755 24871 82879 102775 102775
Page 13 of 22
BREZI I POSHTEM
15 58505 12732 18950 25092 12731 18944 25086 83597 103665 103665
16 64370 12904 21639 27480 12904 21640 27481 91851 113835 113835
17 -101 -1701 -99 -1652 102 -99 150 49 -1802 126 -3119 -3119
KONSTRUKSIONE ÇELIKU 1
18 7172 3217 373 2949 3238 374 2971 10410 7545 12982 7844 12982
19 4803 350 298 370 2106 297 2125 6928 5100 8611 5339 8611
20 -10847 -4632 -1130 -4616 -4618 -1129 -4600 -11976 -15479 -12880 -19172 -19172
21 -764 -1986 -259 -1968 -233 -260 -216 -980 -2750 -1168 -4323 -4323
6) Kombinimi i ngarkesave për forcat e brendshme në shufrat e kapriatës
22 14283 6193 1601 6136 6208 1608 6159 20491 15884 25444 17171 25444
23 4900 424 424 474 1298 1298 2221 7121 5324 8067 5663 8067
24 14283 1601 6193 6136 1608 6208 6159 20491 15884 25444 17171 25444
25 -764 -259 -1986 -1968 -260 -233 -216 -980 -2750 -1168 -4323 -4323
RRJETI I KAPRIATES
26 -10847 -1130 -4632 -4616 -1129 -4618 -4600 -11976 -15479 -12880 -19172 -19172
27 4803 298 350 370 297 2106 2125 6928 5100 8611 5339 8611
28 7172 373 3217 2949 374 3238 2971 10410 7545 12982 7844 12982
©Erion Çobani
29 -101 -99 -1701 -1652 -99 102 150 49 -1802 126 -3119 -3119
KONSTRUKSIONE ÇELIKU 1
Dimensionim
1) Kushti në Soliditet
N
σ
= ≤R Fnet = Fbruto − Fdob = Fbr pasi Fdob = 0
Fnet
N 118676daN
Fbrnev nev
= Fnet
= = = 56.6cm 2
R daN
2100
cm 2
2) Kushti në Qëndrueshmëri
l l 249.7cm
λx = ox =λ p ⇒ rxnev = ox = =2.77cm
rx λp 90
l l 249.7cm
λ y = oy =λ p ⇒ rynev = oy = =2.77cm
ry λp 90
l lox 249.7cm
λx = ox =[λ ] ⇒ rxmin = = =2.08cm
rx [λ ] 120
l loy 249.7cm
λ y = oy =[λ ] ⇒ rymin = = =2.08cm
ry [λ ] 120
N N 118676daN
σ
= ≤ R ⇒ F=nev
= = 81.9cm 2
ϕ min ⋅ Fbr br
ϕ min ⋅ R 0.69 ⋅ 2100 daN
cm 2
nev Fbrnev 81.9
F=
br ,1 L = = 41cm 2
2 2
Dimensionim
1) Kushti në Soliditet
N
σ
= ≤R Fnet = Fbruto − Fdob = Fbr pasi Fdob = 0
Fnet
N 113835daN
Fbrnev nev
= Fnet
= = = 54.2cm 2
R daN
2100
cm 2
2) Kushti në Qëndrueshmëri
lox
λx = ≤ [ λ ] =400
rx nev Fbrnev 54.2
F= = = 27.1cm 2
nev lox 240cm br ,1 L
2 2
r= = = 0.6cm
x
[λ ] 400
= Fbrnev,1L 27.1cm 2 Fbr ≥ Fbrnev,1L
Me këto të dhëna nev ⇒ nev
shkojmë në tabelën 18sh dhe zgjedh 2 profile
= r
x 0.6 cm rx ≥ rx
F 1L = 29.7cm 2
2L.100x16 me të dhëna br
rx = 2.98cm
l 240cm
λx = ox = =81 ≤ [ λ ] =400
rx 2.98cm
17 − 29 _ me _ N =−3119daN
Kemi grupin I me shufrat 20 − 26 _ me _ N =
−19172daN
21 − 25 _ me _ N =
−4323daN
N = 19172daN δ = 10mm
Grupi I lox =
0.8l = 221.4cm
0.8 ⋅ 276.7 = [λ ] = 150
loy = l = 276.7cm m = 0.8
Dimensionim
1) Kushti në Soliditet
N N 19172daN
σ= ≤ R ⋅ m ⇒ Fnetnev= Fbrnev= = = 11.5cm 2 ku Fdob = 0
Fnet R ⋅ m 0.8 ⋅ 2100 daN
cm 2
2) Kushti në Qëndrueshmëri
l l 221.4cm
λx = ox =λ p ⇒ rxnev = ox = =2.02cm
rx λp 110
l l 276.7cm
λ y = oy =λ p ⇒ rynev = oy = =2.52cm
ry λp 110
l lox 221.4cm
λx = ox =[λ ] ⇒ rxmin = = =1.5cm
rx [λ ] 150
l loy 276.7cm
λ y = oy =[λ ] ⇒ rymin = = =1.85cm
ry [λ ] 150
N N 19172daN
=σ Fbrnev
≤ R ⋅ m ⇒= = = 22cm 2
ϕ min ⋅ Fbr ϕ min ⋅ R ⋅ m 0.52 ⋅ 2100 daN
⋅ 0.8
cm 2
18 − 28 _ me _ N =12982daN
19 − 27 _ me _ N =8611daN
Grupi I
22 − 24 _ me _ N =25444daN
23 _ me _ N = 8067daN
N = 25444daN Ç −3
lox = l = 365.2cm [λ ] = 400
Dimensionim
1) Kushti në Soliditet
N N 25444daN
σ= ≤ R ⇒ Fnetnev = Fbrnev = = = 12.2cm 2 ku Fdob = 0
Fnet R 2100 daN
cm 2
2) Kushti në Qëndrueshmëri
l lox 365.2cm
λx = ox =[λ ] ⇒ rxnev = = =0.92cm
rx [λ ] 400
Fbrnev 12.2
nev
F= = = 6.1cm 2
br ,1L
2 2
lox 365.2cm
λx = = =169 ≤ [ λ ] = 400
rx 2.16cm
N 2 = −118668daN
N 3 = −89796daN
N18 = 12982daN
N19 = 8611daN
N 20 = −19172daN
• Brezi i Sipërm
R'
= N '2 + v '2
= (0.72 N x ) 2 + (0.5N y ) 2
R"
= N "2 + v "2
= (0.28 N x ) 2 + (0.5N y ) 2
h=
"t h=
't 6mm
R" 7985daN
=l "t = +1 = + 1 8cm
2 ⋅ 0.7 ⋅ h "t ⋅ Rtk 2 ⋅ 0.7 ⋅ 0.6 ⋅ 1500
Meqë l "t =8cm < l "t min =9cm pranoj l "t = 9cm
Elementi 18
N ' =0.72 ⋅ 12982 =9347daN
N " =0.28 ⋅ 12982 =3635daN
't htmin= f (δ max= max [δ=
h= L δ=
1 5mm; δ=
2 ] 10mm=) 4mm
10mm=
N' 9347daN
=l 't = +1 = + 1 13cm
2 ⋅ 0.7 ⋅ h 't ⋅ Rtk 2 ⋅ 0.7 ⋅ 0.4 ⋅ 1500
Meqë l 't = 13cm > lt min = 6cm pranoj l 't = 13cm
h=
"t h=
't 4mm
N" 3635daN
=l "t = +1 = + 1 6cm
2 ⋅ 0.7 ⋅ h 't ⋅ Rtk 2 ⋅ 0.7 ⋅ 0.4 ⋅ 1500
l "t 6=
Meqë = cm lt=
min 6cm pranoj l "t = 6cm
Elementi 19
N ' = 0.72 ⋅ 8611 = 6200daN
N " = 0.28 ⋅ 8611 = 2300daN
't htmin= f (δ max= max [δ=
h= L δ=
1 5mm; δ=
2 ] 10mm=) 4mm
10mm=
N' 6200daN
=l 't = +1 = + 1 9cm
2 ⋅ 0.7 ⋅ h 't ⋅ Rtk 2 ⋅ 0.7 ⋅ 0.4 ⋅ 1500
Meqë l 't = 9cm > lt min = 6cm pranoj l 't = 9cm
h=
"t h=
't 4mm
N" 2300daN
=l "t = +1 = + 1 4cm
2 ⋅ 0.7 ⋅ h 't ⋅ Rtk 2 ⋅ 0.7 ⋅ 0.4 ⋅ 1500
Meqë l "t = 4cm < lt min = 6cm pranoj l "t = 6cm
Elementi 20
N ' =0.72 ⋅ 19172 = 13804daN
N " =0.28 ⋅ 19172 =5369daN
't htmin= f (δ max= max [δ=
h= L δ=
1 8mm; δ=
2 ] 10mm=) 4mm
10mm=
N' 13804daN
=l 't = +1 = + 1 18cm
2 ⋅ 0.7 ⋅ h 't ⋅ Rtk 2 ⋅ 0.7 ⋅ 0.4 ⋅ 1500
Meqë l 't = 18cm > lt min = 6cm pranoj l 't = 18cm
h=
"t h=
't 4mm
N" 5369daN
=l "t = +1 = + 1 8cm
2 ⋅ 0.7 ⋅ h 't ⋅ Rtk 2 ⋅ 0.7 ⋅ 0.4 ⋅ 1500
Meqë l "t = 8cm > lt min = 6cm pranoj l "t = 8cm
52
3 6 7
2753
36
25
2 23
44
2497 22 24 7
-4323
2065
4
27 21 25 -118
300
668 8
8067
2 67
72 12
1376
18
8611
1 19 -191 26 27 98
2
67 20 8
-3119
27 28 -118
688
17 29 676 9
1 69528 102775 103665 113835
9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16
1004
2400 2400 2400 2400
19200
2L 70x5
2L 70x5
DETAJ I KAPRIATES
M
PER
Z IT T E S I
538
y
BR E 901
E R E 60
160 10 160
P
A SI
901
154
G
160
J EN 1009
330
M 60
160
PA
10
1 1009
14
14
1017
2L 160x14 2497
1219
741 608
60
2497 2L 160x14
x x
160
741
154 60
300
330
160
834
195
10
60 1004
154
606
175
2497
1123 60
295
158
195
115
11
2L 160x14 1219 0
60
60
2L 75x8 11
338
2L 75x8 200
5
195
11
154 2L 70x5
175
60
5
60
11
295
2L 70x5
158
195
2L 70x5
1143 115
δ=10
y
310
244
245
245
388
231
659
708 2L 75x8 200
2L 100x16 110 2L 100x16
50
452
100 100
210
10
10
200
1426 388 2014
110
1921
10502
659 2049
200
1535
FIN
PAMJE NGA POSHTE E BREZIT TE POSHTEM
PUNOI
PRANOI