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Pipingcourse 150915113608 Lva1 App6892 PDF
Pipingcourse 150915113608 Lva1 App6892 PDF
• Mechanical Engineering
• Certified Project
Management
Professional- PMP®
2
My Experience…
• More than 10 years in Oil &
Gas Industry- Mainly Refinery
and Offshore Platforms
• Work from Project initiation
to Project Closed out of mega
projects
3
You will learn…
4
You will learn…
• Materials (Metal, Non-Metal)
• Manufacturing methods
• Inspection and Testing requirements
• Dimensions & Markings requirements
• Code & Standard used
• Common terminology used in industry
• And much more….
5
Best way to move forward….
• Watch Video tutorial
• Solve quizzed at the end of lecture
• If available
− Check applicable Code & Standard
− Check QA/QC & Inspection documents
− Go and visit site and experience real materials
6
Ideal for….
• Student who want career in Oil & Gas
or other process Industry
• Career changer in Oil & Gas or other
process Industry
• Construction professional working such
as Pipe fitter, welder, fabricator,
piping supervisor etc.
7
Ideal for….
8
What we have learned?
• About your tutor
• Overview of course & What is
ahead in course
• Why this course is ideal choices
for you
• How you will maximize you
learning
9
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How to be an Expert in Pipe & Fittings for Oil & Gas
Click the link - https://www.udemy.com/process-pipe-fittings-for-oil-gas-
career/?couponCode=FB10
1
This is just an outline of my online course
How to be an Expert in Pipe & Fittings for Oil & Gas
career
You can boost your Oil & Gas Career in Just $10.
Huge 90% discount on Pipe & Pipe Fitting Course.
Click the link to Enrolled now.
https://www.udemy.com/process-pipe-fittings-for-
oil-gas-career/?couponCode=FB10
2
Process
Piping
Source: Piping Component G_FORDHAM
Source: Pixabay.com
2
What is Process Piping ?
• Piping:
− Assembly of piping components used to
convey, distribute, mix, separate,
discharge, meter, control, or stop fluid
flows.
• Piping Systems:
− Interconnected piping subject to the
same sets of design conditions.
5
What is Process Piping ?
• Process:
− A series of activities performed in
particular ordered to convert raw
material into an useful product
• Process Piping is interconnected
piping used in process industries to
convert raw material in to useful
products.
6
What is Process Piping ?
• A Piping under the purview
of ASME Code - B31.3 is
Process Piping
• A Process Piping Systems
are design as per the
guidelines given in ASME
B31.3
7
ASME B31.3 Process Fluid Service
• Category D Fluid Service
− The fluid is nonflammable, nontoxic, and not damaging to
human tissue.
− The design pressure does not exceed 150 psig (1035 kPa).
− The design temperature is between -29°C and 186°C.
• Category M Fluid Service
− a fluid service in which the potential for personnel
exposure is judged to be significant and in which a single
exposure to a very small quantity of a toxic fluid, caused
by leakage, can produce serious irreversible harm to
persons on breathing or bodily contact, even when prompt
restorative measures are taken
10
Types of ASME B31.3 Process Fluid
• High Pressure Fluid Service
− High pressure fluids are those in which the Owner has
specified that the pressures will be in excess of that
allowed by the ASME B16.5 PN420 (Class 2500) rating for
the specified design temperature and material group.
• Normal Fluid Service
− Everything else that does not cover under Category D,
Category M and High Pressure fluid service.
− ASME B31.3 covers most of the process fluid in this
Category
− Gauge
11
Types of Process Fluid in Oil & Gas
• Process fluid are mainly
classified as following;
− Mainly Hydrocarbons services,
starting from Crude oil to final
distilled products
12
Property of Process fluid use in Oil & Gas
• Flammable
• Corrosive
• Explosives
• Volatile
• Reactive
• Hazardous to
human health
13
Material for process fluids
• To handle different kind of process fluids in
different physical and chemical environments we
need different kind of piping materials.
14
What we have learned?
• Pipe
• Pipe fittings / components
• Piping / Piping System
• Process Piping
8
Code,
Standard &
Specification
1
What is Code, Standard & Specification ?
• Standard
− A standard can be defined as a set of
technical definitions and guidelines-“how
to" instructions for designers and
manufacturers.
− They serve as a common language to
defining quality and establishing safety
criteria.
− Examples- ASTM standard, ISO standard.
2
What is Code, Standard & Specification ?
• Why Standard is required ?
− Standards are documents that establish
engineering or technical requirements
for products, practices, methods or
operations.
− Build confidence about quality in users
− Lower the cost of production as
requirements are standardize
3
What is Code, Standard & Specification ?
• Code: A code is a standard that has
been adopted by one or more
governmental bodies and has the
force of law, or when it has been
incorporated into a business
contract
4
What is Code, Standard & Specification ?
• Specification
− Must meet requirements
− Examples- Company Provided
specification, Product
specification
8
Piping Code & Standard
• Provide a set of requirements for a safe,
reliable and economical installation and
operation throughout the life of process
plant
• Provide consistent dimensions and ratings
so that components will fit together
• Improve system reliability
• Cost saving
9
ASME B31.3 Process Piping Code
• ASME B31.3 Code Covers
− Requirements for materials
− Components,
− Design,
− Fabrication, assembly, erection,
− Examination, inspection, and
testing of piping.
10
Dimension standard
• Dimension Standard cover
− Different standard for different components gives
product specific requirements
• Pipe
− Pipe sizes, inside and outside diameters, wall thickness,
schedules, end types, permissible variance, markings and
weight of pipe
•ASME B36.10 - Welded & Seamless wrought iron pipes
•ASME B36.19 - Stainless steel pipes
15
Dimension standard
• Pipe Fittings
− sizes, inside and outside diameters, wall thickness,
ratings, end preparation, various tolerances and marking
requirements
− Butt welded fittings;
•ASME B16.9 - Factory-Made Wrought Butt welding Fittings
•ASME B16.28 - Wrought Steel Butt Welding Short Radius Elbows
and Returns
− Socket & Threaded fittings
•ASME B16.11- Forged Steel Fittings, Socket-Welding and Threaded
16
Dimension standard
• Flange:
− Pressure-temperature ratings, materials, various flange
dimensions, tolerances, marking. Flange bolting dimension and
gasket requirements are also included
− NPS ½ through NPS 24
•ASME B16.5 - Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings
− NPS 26 through NPS 60
− ASME B16.47 - Large Diameter Steel Flanges
17
Dimension standard
• Branch connection
− Pressure-temperature ratings, size and types, materials,
dimensions, tolerances, marking and testing
•MSS SP-97
• Bolting
− Included in Flange dimension standard
− ASME B16.5 /B16.47
18
Dimension standard
• Gasket:
− Materials, dimensions, tolerances, and markings for metal
ring-joint gaskets, spiral-wound metal gaskets, and metal
jacketed gaskets and type of filler material used
− ASME B16.20 - Metallic Gaskets for Pipe Flanges-Ring-
Joint, Spiral-Would, and Jacketed
− ASME B16.21- Nonmetallic Flat Gaskets for Pipe Flanges
19
What we have learned?
• Code, Standard &
Specification and why they
are required
• Design standard
• Material standard
• Dimension standard
20
End of Lecture
Good Luck!
See you
in next lecture…
21
Piping
Materials
Selection
Wiki Common user: Alexander AlUS
3
Piping Material Selection Criteria
• Material property that considered before selection
− Ultimate Tensile Strength
− Yield Strength
− Elasticity
− % Elongation
− Hardness
− Toughness
− Creep resistance
− Fatigue Resistance
4
Classification of Piping Material
Piping Material
Aluminum
Alloy Steel Cement Glass Lined
Alloy
6
End of Lecture
Good Luck!
See you
in next lecture…
7
Ferrous
Metal
Wiki Common user: Alexander AlUS
2
Carbon Steel
• It can further classified as under
− Law carbon steel: Carbon - 0.05% to 0.25%
− Medium Carbon Steel: Carbon - 0.25% to 0.5%
− High Carbon Steel: Carbon - 0.5% to less than 2%
7
Carbon Steel
• Commonly use carbon steel grade in Process piping
• Pipe: ASTM A53 Gr A/B, A106 Gr A/B/C, API 5L Gr B
• Wrought Fittings: ASTM A234 Gr.WPA/B, A420
Gr.WPL6
• Forged Fittings: ASTM A105, A350 Gr LF1/LF2, A181
8
What you have learned?
• Cast iron and Cast Steel
• Carbon Steel & its Alloying
elements
• Classification of carbon Steel
• Common material grade for
carbon steel
9
End of Lecture
Good Luck!
See you
in next lecture…
10
Alloy
Steel
Wiki Common user: Alexander AlUS
2
What you have learned?
• Alloy Steel
• Alloying elements
• Purpose of Alloying elements
• Use of Alloy Steel & common
grades
6
End of Lecture
Good Luck!
See you
in next lecture…
7
Stainless
Steel
Wiki Common user: Alexander AlUS
2
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1
This is just an outline of my online course
How to be an Expert in Pipe & Fittings for Oil & Gas
career
You can boost your Oil & Gas Career in Just $10.
Huge 90% discount on Pipe & Pipe Fitting Course.
Click the link to Enrolled now.
https://www.udemy.com/process-pipe-fittings-for-
oil-gas-career/?couponCode=FB10
2
What you have learned?
• What is Stainless Steel
• Properties of Stainless Steel
• Types of Stainless steel
5
End of Lecture
Good Luck!
See you
in next lecture…
6
Stainless Steel Types
• Duplex stainless steel
− Contain both Austenite & Ferrite in microstructure
− Offer benefits of both Austenite & Ferrite stainless steel
− Good resistance to pitting and crevice corrosion
− high strength and high resistance to stress corrosion
cracking
− EX- UNS S32205, S31803, S32760
− Used in sea water system, heat exchanger, structural
application etc.
11
Non-ferrous
Metal
Wiki Common user: Alexander AlUS
2
What you have learned?
• Non-ferrous Metal
• Types of metal used in
Process Piping
• Properties of these materials
8
End of Lecture
Good Luck!
See you
in next lecture…
9
Non- Metallic
Material
Wiki Common user: Alexander AlUS
2
PVC / CPVC
• PVC / CPVC
− PVC – Polyvinyl Chloride
− CPVC - Chlorinated Polyvinyl Chloride (higher strength at
elevated temperatures than PVC)
• Tough and exceptionally resistant to chemical
attack
3
PVC / CPVC
4
PVC / CPVC
• Pipe are manufactured by Extrusion process
• Fittings, flanges and valves are manufactured by
injection moulding
• Has many application in industries and in home
water piping.
5
What you have learned?
• Types of Non Metallic Material
and their uses
• Overview of properties and
Manufacturing methods
11
End of Lecture
Good Luck!
See you
in next lecture…
12
Lined / Clad
Material
Wiki Common user: Alexander AlUS
2
What you have learned?
• What is lined pipe
• What is clad pipe
• Types of lining / cladding
material
• Advantage and limitation
6
End of Lecture
Good Luck!
See you
in next lecture…
7
Pipe
2
Pipe
• Pipes are mainly classified as below;
Single
Seam
Straight
Seamless
SAW
Double
Pipe SAW
Seam
Helical/Spiral
Welded
SAW
ERW/EFW
3
Pipe Size
• Pipe size are mentioned as nominal pipe size
(NPS),also mentioned as Diameter nominal (DN)
• It is in-between of outer and inner diameter of
pipe
• For NPS 14” and above NPS is same as outer
diameter
4
Pipe Size
ID will changed
with changed in
Pipe Schedule
number
5
Pipe length
•Pipe are available in following lengths
−Single random
•4.8 m to 6.7 m with 5% of lengths 3.7 to 4.8 m
−Double random
•minimum average of 10.7 m and a minimum length
of 4.8 m with 5 % 4.8 m to 10.7 m
−Fixed length as per purchase order
6
Pipe Thickness
• Thickness are expressed in Schedule number
(5, 10, 20, 30, 40, 60, 80, 100, 120, 140, 160)
• Also in STD, extra strong-XS, double extra
strong-XXS
• Higher the schedule higher the thickness
7
Pipe Thickness
• What is Schedule No?
• A schedule number is the approximate value
of the equation = 1000 P/S
− P is the service pressure in (psi)
− S is the allowable stress in (psi)
8
Pipe Thickness
• The outside diameter of each pipe size is
standardized. Therefore, inside diameter
depends upon the schedule number of pipe
• ASME B36.10 provides standard dimension
requirements for Welded & Seamless wrought
iron pipes.
9
Pipe Thickness for Stainless Steel
• Thickness are expressed in Schedule number
(5S, 10S, 40S, 80S)
• Schedule no with S suffix are per ASME
B36.19M, and it is use with stainless steel pipe
only.
10
Pipe ends
• Pipe can be
− Plain end
− Beveled end
− Threaded end
− Special end such as socket & spigot
with o-ring type gaskets
11
What you have learned?
• Basic of Pipe
• NPS & Schedule No.
• Types of Pipe End
12
End of Lecture
Good Luck!
See you
in next lecture…
13
Pipe
Material
Wiki Common user: Alexander AlUS
1
What you have learned?
• Commonly used ASTM
material Grade of pipe
6
End of Lecture
Good Luck!
See you
in next lecture…
7
Pipe
Manufacturing-1
1
Seamless Pipe
• Strongest amongst all pipes.
• Homogenous structure throughout pipe length.
• Available in wide range of size.
• Restriction on large size
• Used in manufacturing of bends, elbow, tee.
2
Manufacturing of Seamless Pipe
• Seamless pipe are manufacture by following methods
• Mandrel
Piercing Method
• Plug mill
• Extrusion
• Forging
3
Manufacturing of Seamless Pipe
• Piercing Method
Billet
4
Extrusion
Force Pull
13
ERW or EFW Pipe
Water Cooling
Induction Weld
anodes
Online NDT
Weld Bead
Induction Heat
Trimmer
treatment
14
What we have learned?
• Manufacturing methods
• Seamless Pipe
• Welded Pipe
19
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1
This is just an outline of my online course
How to be an Expert in Pipe & Fittings for Oil & Gas
career
You can boost your Oil & Gas Career in Just $10.
Huge 90% discount on Pipe & Pipe Fitting Course.
Click the link to Enrolled now.
https://www.udemy.com/process-pipe-fittings-for-
oil-gas-career/?couponCode=FB10
2
End of Lecture
Good Luck!
See you
in next lecture…
20
Pipe
Manufacturing-2
1
Heat Treatment for pipe
• Hot finished Pipe
− Temp. remain above heat treatment temperature
till final size and thickness achieved
− No heat treatment required
• Cold finished Pipe
− Pipe are clod drawn
− Heat treatment as per applicable ASTM standard
2
Hydrostatic Test
• Ensure 100% leak proof pipe
• Ensure ability withstand under pressure
• Hydro test pressure is calculated based on
equation given in ASTM A530
8
Marking
• Following shall be marked on pipe
− Manufacturer logo
− ASTM material code
− Material Grade
− Size
− Thickness VP 8” Sch 80 A106 XYZ123 10.2m
− Length
− Heat No
− Special marking WR or NH,
13
Marking
• Marking can be by paint or by Hard punching
• For stainless steel stenciling can be used
− For carbon steel no hard punching below 6 mm
thickness
− For stainless steel no hard punching below 12 mm
thickness
14
What we have learned?
• Heat Treatment
• Inspection and Testing
• Markings
15
End of Lecture
Good Luck!
See you
in next lecture…
16
Fittings
1
Fittings
• Fittings are Piping component which helps in
− Changes the direction of the flow
•elbows, tee
− Changes the size of the pipe
•reducers, reducing tees, reducing couplings, reducing flanges
− Joins together pipe
•flanges, couplings
2
Fittings ends
• Socket weld & Threaded end
− ASME B16.11 - Forged steel socket welding &
threaded fittings
7
What we have learned?
• Basic of Pipe
• NPS / Schedule No.
• Types of Pipe End
8
End of Lecture
Good Luck!
See you
in next lecture…
9
Fittings
Material
Wiki Common user: Alexander AlUS
1
Material
• Commonly used material for wrought fittings
• Carbon Steel :- ASTM A234Gr.WPA/B, ASTM
A420 Gr.WPL6
• Alloy Steel :- ASTM A234 WP1 /WP5 /WP7 /WP9
/WP11 /WP12 /WP22
• Stainless Steel :- ASTM A403 WP304 /WP304L
/WP304H /WP316 / WP316L/ WP321/ WP347
5
Material
• Commonly used material for forge fittings
• Carbon Steel :- ASTM A181, ASTM A105, ASTM
A350 LF1/2
• Alloy Steel :- ASTM A182F1 /F2 /F5 /F7 /F9/
F11 /F12 /F22
• Stainless Steel :- ASTM A182F6 /F304 /F304L
/F304H /F316 /F316L/ F321/ F347/ F348
6
What we have learned?
• Materials wrought & forged
fittings
• Common ASTM material
grades
7
End of Lecture
Good Luck!
See you
in next lecture…
8
Fittings
Manufacturing-1
1
Wrought Fitting Manufacturing
Methods
• Hot forming or Extrusion Method
• Hydraulic Bulge method – Cold forming
• UO Method / Single weld seam
• Monaka Method / Double weld seam
• Deep Drawing Method
• Flare Method for Stub ends
4
ELBOWS: Extrusion method (Cold Forming)
Die
Push
10
Tees: Hydraulic Bulge method
Die
19
Reducers: Outer Die method
Die
24
CAPS: Deep Drawing method
• Plate is cut out in a circle and formed by deep
drawing die
25
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How to be an Expert in Pipe & Fittings for Oil & Gas
Click the link - https://www.udemy.com/process-pipe-fittings-for-oil-gas-
career/?couponCode=FB10
1
This is just an outline of my online course
How to be an Expert in Pipe & Fittings for Oil & Gas
career
You can boost your Oil & Gas Career in Just $10.
Huge 90% discount on Pipe & Pipe Fitting Course.
Click the link to Enrolled now.
https://www.udemy.com/process-pipe-fittings-for-
oil-gas-career/?couponCode=FB10
2
What we have learned?
• Manufacturing methods
27
End of Lecture
Good Luck!
See you
in next lecture…
28
Fittings
Manufacturing-2
1
Heat Treatment for Fittings
• Heat treatment as per applicable ASTM standard
• Hot finished Fittings
− Temp. remain within heat treatment temperature till
final size and thickness achieved
− No heat treatment required
• Cold finished Fittings
− Fittings are clod drawn
− heat treatment required
2
Marking
• Marking can be by paint or by Hard punching
• For stainless steel stenciling can be used
• For carbon steel no hard punching below 6 mm
thickness
• For stainless steel no hard punching below 12
mm thickness
12
What we have learned?
• Heat Treatment
• Inspection and Testing
• Markings
13
End of Lecture
Good Luck!
See you
in next lecture…
14
Flange
2
Flange Attachments Types
• Threaded Flanges
• Socket-Welded Flanges
• Slip-On Flanges
• Lapped Flanges
• Weld Neck Flanges
• Blind Flanges
3
Flange Facing Types
• Flat Faced (FF)
• Raised Face (RF)
• Ring Joint (RTJ)
• Tongue and groove (T&G)
• Male and Female
• These face can be smooth or serrated type
4
What we have learned?
• Types Flange
• Flange End Connection
• Types of Flange Face
21
End of Lecture
Good Luck!
See you
in next lecture…
22
Flange
Material
Wiki Common user: Alexander AlUS
1
Material of construction
• Standard Flanges are made by forge materials
• Carbon steel
• Low alloy steel
• Stainless steel
• Combination of Exotic martials (Stub) and other
materials
2
What we have learned?
• Materials for Flanges
5
End of Lecture
Good Luck!
See you
in next lecture…
6
Flange
Manufacturing
1
Manufacturing
• Flanges are manufactured by
forging
• Large diameter flange are
made by ring rolling
methods
• Final dimension are
achieved by machining
2
Hydrostatic Test
4
Marking
• Following shall be marked on pipe
− Manufacturer logo
− ASTM material code
− Material Grade
− Service rating (Pressure Class)
− Size
− Thickness (Schedule)
VP 6” CL300 Sch80 A105 WNRF ABC12
− Heat No
− Special marking QT (Quenched and tempered) or W
(Repair by welding)
12
Marking
• Marking can be by paint or by Hard punching
• For stainless steel stenciling can be used
• Flanged are marked in flange thickness area.
13
What we have learned?
• Manufacturing methods
• Heat Treatment
• Inspection and Testing
• Markings
14
End of Lecture
Good Luck!
See you
in next lecture…
15
Branch
Connection
10
End of Lecture
Good Luck!
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in next lecture…
11
Branch Connection
Material
1
Material of construction
• Standard branch connection are made by forge
materials
− Carbon steel
− Low alloy steel
− Stainless steel
• ASME B31.3 provides list of acceptable forge material
used in process piping
2
What we have learned?
• Materials for Standard Branch
connections
4
End of Lecture
Good Luck!
See you
in next lecture…
5
Branch Connection
Manufacturing
1
Non Destructive testing
• Ultrasonic
• Magnetic particle test
• Liquid penetrant test
• Positive Material Identification
5
Distractive Testing
• Tensile test
• Hardness test
• Impact test / Charpy V-Notch Test
• Proof Test (Type Test) if specified
6
Marking
• Following shall be marked on Olets
− Manufacturer logo
− ASTM material code
− Material Grade
− Service rating (Pressure Class)
− Size
VP A105B CL3000 1” X Sch80 ABC12
− Thickness (Schedule)
− Heat No
− Color code if specified
11
Marking
• Marking by Hard punching
• For stainless steel stenciling can be used
• If ask by purchaser colour coding are also done
12
What we have learned?
• Manufacturing methods
• Heat Treatment
• Inspection and Testing
• Markings
13
End of Lecture
Good Luck!
See you
in next lecture…
14
Gasket
2
Spiral Wound Gasket
Outer Ring
13
End of Lecture
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See you
in next lecture…
14
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career/?couponCode=FB10
1
This is just an outline of my online course
How to be an Expert in Pipe & Fittings for Oil & Gas
career
You can boost your Oil & Gas Career in Just $10.
Huge 90% discount on Pipe & Pipe Fitting Course.
Click the link to Enrolled now.
https://www.udemy.com/process-pipe-fittings-for-
oil-gas-career/?couponCode=FB10
2
Gasket
Material
Wiki Common user: Alexander AlUS
1
Non-Metallic Gasket
2
What we have learned?
• Materials for Gasket
6
End of Lecture
Good Luck!
See you
in next lecture…
7
Gasket
Manufacturing
1
Manufacturing of Gasket
• Non-metal gasket are manufactured as long sheet
and cut as per requirements
• Spiral wound gasket are made by winding of metal
and filler material on winding machine
• Winded material are tack welded to inner and
outer ring of gasket
2
Manufacturing of Gasket
• Metallic gasket are made from forged ring or cut
from the metal sheet and machined to achieve
final surface finish and dimension
3
Dimension
4
Inspection and Testing
• Gasket Material shall be tested for
−Hardness
−Creep test
−Thickness
−Density
−Compression
−Recovery
−Blowout resistance
5
Inspection and Testing
• Following to be check for finished gasket
(Type test)
−Tensile
−Sealability
−Flexibility
−Corrosion resistance
−Decomposition
6
Marking
• Manufacturer logo
• Manufacturing Code
• Size and Pressure Class
• Filler and winding material
• Inner and Outer ring material
7
Marking- Colour Code
8
Marking- Colour Code
Source: Flexitallic
9
What we have learned?
• Manufacturing method
• Dimension Standard
• Inspection & testing
• Marking & Colour Code
10
End of Lecture
Good Luck!
See you
in next lecture…
11
Bolting
2
Washers
• Conical or Belleville Springs washers
− Keep bolted joints tight
− High spring loads with small deflections
− Used in area where vibration, differential thermal expansion,
and bolt creep present
10
What we have learned?
• What is Stud, Bolt, Nut & washers
• Use of Stud, Bolt, Nut & washers
• Types of Stud, Bolt, Nut
&washers
11
End of Lecture
Good Luck!
See you
in next lecture…
12
Bolting
Material
Wiki Common user: Alexander AlUS
Material of construction
• Carbon steel
• Low alloy steel
• Stainless steel
• Exotic material, such as Monel, Inconel, Nickel alloy
Material of construction
• These material further divide in
− High Strength
− Intermediate strength
− Low Strength
• List of ASTM Material grade used for manufacturing
stud are listed in ASME B16.5
Coating
• Bolting are also coted with different materials to
improve its corrosion resistance and reduce
maintenance
− Chrome plated
− Galvanized
− Xylan coated
− PTFE coated
What we have learned?
• Materials for Stud, Bolt, Nut
&washers
• Different type of coating
End of Lecture
Good Luck!
See you
in next lecture…
Bolting
Manufacturing
1
Manufacturing of Stud & Bolt
• Rolling / Forming
− Most common method for threading on stud and bolt
− Cylindrical bar placed between two die and bar are rolled in
between the die
− Used for stud and threaded portion of bolt
4
Manufacturing of Stud & Bolt
• Forging / Die punching
− Blank bar are placed between die and force applied to
produced threads in blank
− Head of bolt are also made by die punching
− Forging can be done by Hot & Cold forging methods
18
End of Lecture
Good Luck!
See you
in next lecture…
19
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