Welding Transformer

Welding Transformers are used in AC machines to change alternating current from the power line into a low-
voltage, high amperage current in the secondary winding. A combination of primary and/or secondary taps on
the welding transformerare commonly used to provide a macro adjustment of the welding current, as well as
adjustment of secondary voltage. Transformer ratings for AC machines are expressed in KVA (kilovolt-amperes) for
a specified duty cycle. This duty cycle rating is a thermal rating, and indicates the amount of energy that the
transformer can deliver for a stated percentage of a specific time period, usually one minute, without exceeding its
temperature rating. The RMS Short Circuit Secondary Current specification indicates the maximum current that can
be obtained from the transformer. Since heating is a function of the welding current, this parameter gives an
indication of the thickness of the materials that can be welded.
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Diff b/w welding and ordinary transformer?

A welding transformer is a step down transformer that reduces the voltage from the source voltage to a
lower voltage that is suitable for welding, usually between 15 and 45 volts. The secondary current is quite
high. 200 to 600 amps would be typical, but it could be much higher. The secondary may have several
taps for adjusting the secondary voltage to control the welding current. The taps are typically connected
to a several high-current plug receptacles or to a high-current switch.

For welding with direct current (DC) a rectifier is connected to the secondary of the transformer. There
may also be a filter choke (inductor) to smooth the DC current. The entire transformer and rectifier
assembly may be called a transformer or welder, but "welding power supply" would be more appropriate
term.

Speculation:
The impedance of a welding transformer may be higher that the impedance of a transformer designed for
some other purpose. The transformer impedance may play a role in the process of establishing an arc
and controlling the current.

About 3-phase
Large welding transformers are most likely to be designed for three phase input. There are many smaller
transformers that are designed for single phase input.

Welding generator

A welding generator is an electricity generator that is commonly used in places where the power
needed to arc weld is not readily available. They are usually powered by gas or diesel engines and
have a high, stable energy output suitable for powering a welding machine.