HOUSING 423

Prepared By: Ar. D.M.M. Cunanan, uap

INTRODUCTION TO HOUSING

FACTORS THAT AFFECT HOUSING NEEDS

 The first step in buying a home is knowing what type of housing best suits
your family needs. Housing needs vary according to family life stages, or
your perception of what you need in a house.

 1. CLIMATE can vary from warm to cold, and from dry to humid.

 2. LOCATION the specific placement of a home.

 3. COST is a crucial factor in housing needs for almost everyone.

 4. TASTE This is the sense of what is fitting, harmonious or beautiful.

 5. LIFESTYLES When selecting a home, one needs to consider the lifestyles

of all family members.

ADDRESSING THE HOUSING PROBLEM IN THE PHILIPPINES

 In the Philippines, less than 1/3 can afford proper shelter.

 In Metro Manila alone, there are 3.1M informal settlers;

 23% stay in government land,

 22% in private properties,

 15% in danger zones (which include the streets, bridges, riversides, and
along train tracks), and

 40% on infrastructure sites.

CAUSE OF HOUSING PROBLEMS

 1. Migration of people from rural areas to urban areas.

 2. Robust population growth.

 3. Poverty due unemployment.

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  4. Industrialization.

 5. Minimum Wage of Filipinos.

First of all, the government has the biggest role amongst all.

 It is the role of the government to create policies that will suit well the
country’s needs. It is also the government’s role to properly manage and
regulate the Filipino people in following such policies. Laws have to be
examined and cleared especially with regards land use.

 2. Another issue that can be touched here is taxation.

 There is a need for systematic information on land and real estate

properties in the Philippines; this would enhance a better taxation. Better
taxation can lead to more budget for programs in helping the housing
problem in the Philippines. Corruption is another issue that surfaces from
here.

 This is where the values of the Filipino people have to be fixed.

 3. The next solution is fixing the financial side of housing.

 The government still has a role here; and that is to create the right
regulatory policies in financing for housing projects or programs. This is
specifically in line with middle-cost housing.

 4. Alternative housing.

 Alternative housing which costs 40-60% less are now being done such as
the ‘earthen home’. These have been fully tested to resist bad weather
and other disasters. Some of these have been pilot tested in the
Philippines and have done great. I think it is time for our people to open
their eyes to opportunities being given to them.

 Government funded housing was established after the need for safe and
affordable housing presented itself.

 Once created, low-income families were provided with a roof over their
head that they could afford. Government funded housing is not just
reserved for apartments, but single family homes.

WHY SHOULD ARCHITECTS INTERFERE?

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  The concern for housing should grow because of the fact that the
Philippines is considered to be part of the ‘typhoon belt.’

 More and more people would suffer in such disasters if proper housing is
not addressed.

 Furthermore, half a billion pesos is being spent yearly on disaster and

calamity damages.

 Just imagine where else we could allocate that cost if only we can do a
better job in preventing such damages through a better housing program.

DIFFERENT TYPES OF HOUSING

 Apartment Building – A housing arrangement made of more than one

apartment. These units can be in blocks.

 Bedsit – a single room that is designed with small kitchen and bathroom
space. Suited for one person mostly and attached to a main house.

 Housing Project – Government housing for low income earners.

 Condominium – These are houses that are owned by a numbered people

in one single block but each owns their own house. They share common
facilities including corridors, lobbies, lifts and front lawns and parking for
the building.

 Penthouse – Housing on the top floor of a high rise multi storied building.

 Live Work – Housing that comes with a workplace. Could be an office or a

store attached to the house.

 Railroad Apartment – housing built with a narrow feature about the width
of the railroad car.

 Rooming House – the type of housing where facilities are shared by the
resident living under the same roof but separate bedrooms.

 Shophouse – a five storied building with the lowest floor acting as a

shopping area with shops and stalls.

 Studio Apartment – This is a single room with a bed whether single or

doubles, a kitchenettes and a bathroom on one side.

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  Tenement – This is a building with a number of stories mostly five in floor
levels. It does not come with elevators.

 HOUSING, AGENCIES AND THEIR DELIVERY PROCESS

 HOUSING-Buildings or structures that individuals and their family may live in
that meet certain federal regulations. Different housing situations vary for
individuals and may depend on age, family and geography.

 WHAT IS A HOUSING DEVELOPMENT?

A housing development is a structured real estate development of

residential buildings. They are often areas of high-density, low-impact
residences of single-family detached homes, and often allow for separate
ownership of each housing unit, for example through subdivision. A
housing development is "often erected on a tract of land by one builder
and controlled by one management.

Informal Housing
 • Located at the urban periphery (non-buildable or risk areas).

 • Self-designed and self-built with local materials.

 • Does not fully conform to building and land use standards.

 • Poorly serviced by infrastructure networks and public services.

 • Financed out of family/group savings and/or loans from informal

lenders.

 • Incrementally improved by the occupant over a long period of time.

 • Lacks legal title and often subject to insecurity of tenure.

Government Agencies Concerned with Housing

Housing and Urban Development Coordinating Council

 Housing and Urban Development Coordinating Council

(HUDCC), created thru Executive Order No. 90, is the highest
policy making and coordinating office on shelter. It is an

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 umbrella organization which consists of heads of four housing
agencies such as: National Housing Authority (NHA), Home
Guaranty Corporation(HGC), National Home Mortgage Finance
Corporation (NHMFC), and Housing and Land Use Regulatory
Board (HLURB).

 The HUDCC, together with its attached Key Shelter Agencies, addresses
various issues in the areas of housing finance, housing regulation, housing
production and institutional development.

Home Development Mutual Fund

 The Home Development Mutual Fund (HDMF), popularly known as Pag-

IBIG Fund (Pagtutulungan sa Kinabukasan: Ikaw, Bangko, Industriya at
Gobyerno), was created by virtue of Presidential Decree No. 1530 on June
11, 1978.

 was an answer to the need for a national savings program and an

affordable shelter financing for the Filipino worker.

 - To provide its members with adequate housing through an effective

savings scheme, Pag-IBIG Fund harnesses these four sectors of Philippine
society: financial institutions, the industrial sector, the government, and the
Filipino people. The Fund was created to address two of the nations basic
concerns: (a) the generation of savings and (b) providing shelter for
Filipino workers.

National Home Mortgage Finance Corporation (NHMFC)

 The National Home Mortgage Finance Corporation was created in 1977

by virtue of Presidential Decree 1267, with the mandate of increasing the
availability of affordable housing loans to finance the Filipino homebuyer's
on their acquisition of housing units through the development and
operation of a secondary market for home mortgages.

Housing Guaranty Corporation

 Processing of guaranty line application, interchangeably known as

guaranty facility, under RA No. 8763 involves the determination of the
eligibility of a financial institution for the guaranty and incentives provided
under the law. The Guaranty line extended to the financial institution by
the HGC, is a facility whereby the housing-related loans and financial
transactions may be enrolled for guaranty coverage.

 HGC takes the risk out of private investment in housing by providing risk
covers and fiscal incentives to housing credits extended by developers,

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 banks and other financing institutions. The more HGC guarantees—the
more private funds flow for housing and urban development.

 While housing agencies such as the aforementioned Pag-IBIG Fund and

NHMFC directly lend money to housing developers and borrowers, the
HGC extends guaranty lines to lenders, encouraging these financial
institutions to lend to individual homebuyers and housing developers.

Housing and Land Use Regulatory Board (HLURB)

 is a national government agency tasked as the planning, regulatory and

quasi-judicial body for land use development and real estate and housing
regulation. These roles are done via a triad of strategies namely, policy
development, planning and regulation.

 Formulate guidelines for Comprehensive Land Use Plans (CLUPs)

 Render technical assistance to LGU’s in CLUP preparation and to

members of Provincial Land Use Committee (PLUC) and Regional Land
Use Committee (RLUC) in CLUP Review.

 Review and ratify CLUPs of highly urbanized cities (HUCs) and

independent component cities (ICCs) and review CLUPs of Metro Manila

 Update and revise the National Urban Development and Housing

Framework under the direction of HUDCC

 Train LGUs in subdivision plan approval and zoning enforcement

National Housing Authority (NHA)

 tasked to develop and implement a comprehensive and integrated

housing program which shall embrace, among others, housing
development and resettlement, sources and schemes of financing, and
delineation of government and private sector participation.

 is a government-owned and controlled corporation operating under the

policy and administrative supervision of the HUDCC. The NHA is the sole
government agency to engage in shelter production, focusing its efforts
to provide to homeless, low-income Filipino families.

Backlog

 generally refers to an accumulation of works waiting to be done or orders

to be fulfilled.

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