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 Cavite Mutiny (Overview)

- Jan. 20, 1872

- brief uprising of 200 Filipino troops and workers at the Cavite arsenal
- became the excuse for Spanish repression of the embryonic Philippine
nationalist movement
- ironically, the harsh reaction of the Spanish authorities served ultimately to
promote the nationalist cause
- quickly crushed, but the Spanish regime under the reactionary governor Rafael
de Izquierdo magnified the incident
- used it as an excuse to clamp down on those Filipinos who had been calling for
governmental reform
- a number of Filipino intellectuals were seized and accused of complicity with the
mutineers
- after a brief trial, three priests—José Burgos, Jacinto Zamora, and Mariano
Gómez—were publicly executed. The three subsequently became martyrs to the
cause of Philippine independence
- after a brief trial, three priests—José Burgos, Jacinto Zamora, and Mariano
Gómez—were publicly executed
- the three subsequently became martyrs to the cause of Philippine independence
 The Real History Behind the Cavite Mutiny

According to History textbooks, the Cavite mutiny was led by Sergeant Francisco Lamadrid who
invaded Fort San Felipe Neri in Cavite with the help of several Spanish soldiers.

Sarhento Francisco Lamadrid. Mula sa Philippine Almanac.

This was due to the dismissal of privileges of those who worked in the Cavite arsenal for refusing to
pay taxes and involving in forced labor. The rebels were able to recover Fuerza but after an hour
were defeated by Spanish forces. The leaders of the rebellion were killed and those suspected to be
involved were thrown into Marianas or Guam [and elsewhere], or otherwise executed. However, a
new study published by Jesuit Historian John Schumacher based on a new discovery document, a
report written by Governor General Rafael de Izquierdo, provides us a deeper knowledge of the
known rebellion.

Padre John Schumacher. Mula sa Philippine Studies.

The payment of taxes and forced labor of arsenal workers were not the only causes of the uprising,
like the aforementioned. In fact, none of those involved in the revolt came from the arsenal. It was
supposed to be a widespread uprising aimed for the Philippines to separate from Spain. It was even
 part of the plan to invade Fort Santiago in Manila along with it. After that would have been the
declaration of independence by the Philippines and the murder of all Spaniards who will not beg for
their lives. The uprising failed because Izquierdo had already anticipated it with the help of some
letters without signatures reporting the planned uprising and convincing some of those who would
have joined the rebellion to not carry on. The real brains of the uprising were not three executed
martyr priests but the masons Máximo Inocencio, Crisanto de los Reyes, and Enrique Paraíso who
were among those who have been deported.

Sina Crisanto de los Reyes, Máximo Inocencio at Enrique Paraíso habang ipinapatapon matapos
ang Motin de Cavite. Larawang-guhit mula sa Geronimo Benernger de los Reyes (GBR) Museum.
As to why they were not hanged, Schumacher presumed it was because the three masons and the
Governor-General were both masons. Or it could have been that those who planned the uprising
blamed Francisco Zaldua, one of those hanged along with the three priests a month later, for using
the name of Burgos to convince.

Monumento para kina Máximo Inocencio, Crisanto de los Reyes, at Enrique Paraíso sa Geronimo
Benernger de los Reyes (GBR) Museum, Cavite. Kuha ni Xiao Chua.
Pinagsususpetsahang composite na larawan nina Padre Mariano Gomes, Padre Jacinto Zamora at
Padre Jose Burgos.

Secondary Sources:
https://www.britannica.com/event/Cavite-Mutiny
https://xiaochua.net/2013/01/22/xiaotime-21-january-2013-tunay-na-kasaysayan-sa-
likod-ng-cavite-mutiny/