Forests 2019

Alaskan Brown Bear
Ursus arctos
General Species Information
Size ~3.35 ft to shoulder3 Habitat Forests, tundra, meadows and coastlines1,2, 4
4-8ft long2, 3
Weight Males: Avg 850 lbs2 Distribution Alaskan Brown Bears are found in the coastal regions of
Females: Avg 450 lbs2 Alaska. Brown bears as a whole can be found through
North America, Europe, and Asia.1, 2
Lifespan Wild: 20-30 yrs1,2 Wild Diet Generally grasses in the spring, berries in the summer
AZA Avg: 22-27 yrs, but can live and fish in the fall. Meat is not a large part of diet, but
much longer.5 they will catch and eat small (mice) to large (moose)
mammals1,2.
Reproduction An average of 2-3 cubs per litter2 Zoo Diet Main diet: Fruits, vegetables, dog chow, hi-fiber sticks,
are born after 6.5-9.5 month herring
gestation (delayed implantation)2. Enrichment: sunflower seeds, peanuts, popcorn, pasta,
Young are born blind and naked at jello, peanut butter, honey, molasses, oatmeal, ice treats,
0.5-1.5 lbs during the winter. They chicken broth, goat’s milk powder, fruit juice, canned
remain with mom for an average of pumpkin, applesauce, femur bones, rats/mice, browse
2.5 years1,2.
Social Generally solitary, although home Conservation Least Concern.2,3,4 30,000 Brown Bears in Alaska.2,4
ranges overlap. Occasionally gather Status Hunting and conflict with humans are major threats.2,3,4
in large numbers at food sources.2
IZ Specific Information
Photo by Jill Burbank Photo by Jackie Curts

Kiak Mi-Kal
February 2008 January 2010
Female Male
Dark around eyes but this can be hard to see seasonally as Larger head, snout, and body than Kiak.
their fur color changes. Mi-Kal was found wandering alone in his first year and was
Kiak was orphaned in her first year when officials were forced moved to the Indianapolis Zoo in Sept 2010.
to kill her mother after she attacked a jogger in a local park. Weight Range: 750-1100 lbs
She was held at a zoo in Alaska then flown here by FedEx in
Sept 2008..
Weight Range: 550-800 lbs
Resources
1 Brown Bears, Brown Bear Pictures, Brown Bear Facts - National Geographic. (n.d.). Retrieved January 4, 2018, from
http://animals.nationalgeographic.com/animals/mammals/brown-bear/?source=A-to-Z
2 Ursus arctos (brown bear). (n.d.). Retrieved January 4, 2018, from http://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Ursus_arctos/
3 Brown Bear. (n.d.). Retrieved January 4, 2018, from http://www.worldwildlife.org/species/brown-bear
4 McLellan, B.N., Proctor, M.F., Huber, D. & Michel, S. 2017. Ursus arctos(amended version of 2017 assessment). The IUCN Red
List of Threatened Species 2017: e.T41688A121229971. http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-
3.RLTS.T41688A121229971.en. Downloaded on 03 November 2018.
5 AZA Survival Statistic Library. Retrieved from https://www.aza.org/assets/2332/survival_statistics_library_-
_expires_1_mar_2018.pdf on December 20, 2017.
6 Littig, Tim. Personal communication on February 11, 2018. Email. (Approval)
Amur Tiger (Siberian Tiger)
Panthera tigris altaica
Size Up to 10 feet1,4,5 Habitat Boreal and temperate mixed (deciduous and
coniferous) forests as well as birch forests1,4,5
Weight Males: 350-420 lbs5 Distribution Far eastern Russia (including the Amur River Valley)
Females: 250-285 lbs5 and small pockets along Chinese and North Korean
Potential of up to 660 lbs.1 borders1,2,4.
Lifespan Wild: Record is 14 yrs5 Wild Diet Wild pig and deer make up most of diet but they are
Captive: Avg. 15 yrs (AZA) opportunistic hunters1,2,5.
Potential to live as long as 25 yrs2,5
Reproduction After a 3-3.5 month gestation, 1-6 Zoo Diet Primarily ground beef with nutritional supplements
young are born.1,2,5 They start added. Beef tenderloin, goat’s milk, chicken broth,
hunting around 18 months old, and beef liver, and whipped cream are given as
stay with mom for 2-3 years1,2. enrichment.7
Social Solitary and territorial. Male home Conservation Endangered with between 480 and 580 individuals
ranges will overlap several female Status left in the wild.1,4 Major threats include poaching,
ranges.5 encroachment of human activity on tiger territory,
and retaliatory killings.3
IZ Specific Information7
Photo by Emily Wilson Photo by Jill Burbank Photo by Carla Knapp

Zoya Max Metis
July 10, 2014 June 24, 2012 (Pronounced like Midas)
Female Male March 16, 2016
Born at the Indianapolis Zoo to Andrea Born at the Peoria Zoo and arrived at Male
and Petya. IZ in 2015. Born at Columbus Zoo and arrived at IZ in
Quotation marks over right eye. 2018.
Weight: 239 lbs Weight: 376 lbs.7 Weight: 350 lbs.
Resources
1 Siberian Tigers, Siberian Tiger Pictures, Siberian Tiger Facts - National Geographic. (n.d.). Retrieved December 25, 2015,
from http://animals.nationalgeographic.com/animals/mammals/siberian-tiger/
2 Dacres, K. 2007. "Panthera tigris" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed January 04, 2018 at
http://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Panthera_tigris/.
3 Miquelle, D., Darman, Y. & Seryodkin, I. 2011. Panthera tigris ssp. altaica. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2011:
e.T15956A5333650. http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2011-2.RLTS.T15956A5333650.en. Downloaded on 04 January 2018.
4 Amur Tiger. (n.d.). Retrieved January 4, 2018, from http://www.worldwildlife.org/species/amur-tiger.
5 Amur Tiger. (n.d.). Retrieved December 8, 2017, from https://russia.wcs.org/en-us/Wildlife/Amur-Tigers/Amur-Tiger-
Ecology.aspx
_expires_1_mar_2018.pdf on January 4, 2018.
7 Litting, Tim. Personal communication on January 3, 2019. Email. (Approval)
Bald Eagle
Haliaeetus leucocephalus
Size Body Length: 34 to 43 in. Habitat Near bodies of water such as lakes, rivers, and
Wingspan: 6 to 8 ft.2,4 oceans2
Females larger than males.4
Weight 6.5-14 lbs.2,4 Distribution North America1
Lifespan Wild Avg: 15-25 yrs.3,4 Wild Diet Hunt, steal, or scavenge fish, carrion, small
AZA Avg: 17 yrs.7 mammals, birds, reptiles2,3,4
Reproduction Monogamous. Pair spends up to 3 Zoo Diet Fish (Herring, Trout, Capelin); Rodents (Mice);
months constructing a large nest, Rabbit5
laying 1 to 3 eggs. Reach sexual
maturity and grow in mature feathers
at 5 yrs old.2,3
Social Generally solitary, but may be found Conservation Least Concern.1 Past threats include accidental
with other birds while roosting or Status poisoning from DDT and hunting. This species
around an ample food source.3 was delisted from the Endangered Species List in
2007 thanks to conservation efforts.2
Hatched at the George Miksch Sutton Avian Research Center in Bartlesville, OK, she was first
released in Sequoyah National Wildlife Refuge in Oklahoma in 1985.
Later seen and recaptured near her release site with one leg hanging down (found to have been
broken and set). She was rereleased after healing only to be found several weeks later, uninjured
but weak and hungry. She was then cared for by a rehabber who reportedly hand fed her, making
her next release unsuccessful and was found going to humans for food. After this final recapture
she was deemed non-releasable due to imprinting on humans.
She was acquired by the Minnesota Zoo in 1993, serving as a program/education bird. Due to
arthritis, she had become uncomfortable with the daily handling associated with being a program
bird required and MN Zoo wanted to find a situation for her where she could move around as she
Photo by Fred Cate wishes. So she moved to the Indianapolis Zoo in 2015 where being out on exhibit is an exciting new
Tempest experience for her.6
January 9, 1985
Female
Resources
1 BirdLife International. 2016. Haliaeetus leucocephalus. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016:
e.T22695144A93492523. http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22695144A93492523.en. Downloaded on 04
January 2018.
2 Bald Eagle. National Geographic. Retrieved from https://www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/birds/b/bald-eagle/ on
January 4, 2018.
3 Siciliano Martina, L. 2013. "Haliaeetus leucocephalus" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed January 04, 2018 at
http://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Haliaeetus_leucocephalus/
4 https://www.fws.gov/midwest/eagle/recovery/biologue.html
5 Keen, Meagan. Personal communication on March 1, 2018. Email.
6 Green, Holly. Personal communication on February 10, 2016.
Red Panda
Ailurus fulgens fulgens
Size Head and Body: 20-26 in1,2 Habitat Temperate forests with bamboo understory2,3
Tail: 12-20 in1,2
Weight 10-14 lbs1,2,5 Distribution Nepal (Himalayas), Myanmar, China, India, and
Bhutan1,2,3
Lifespan Wild: 8-10 yrs1,2 Wild Diet Bamboo shoots and leaves, fruits, grasses, acorns, eggs
AZA Avg: 10.4 yrs and insects1,2,3
Reproduction Females build nests with sticks, Zoo Diet Primarily leafeater mini and cherries with a variety of
grasses and leaves in a hollow tree other fruits including grapes, apples, pears,
or rock crevice. After a gestation of blueberries, and occasionally fig. Sampson’s favorite
4.5 months, 1-4 offspring are born foods are banana and sweet potato.5
and stay in nest for 90 days.1,2,3
Social Generally solitary with Conservation Endangered due to habitat loss and degradation
overlapping territories.4 Status attributed to human encroachment as well as
poaching, disease, and the pet trade.3
Photo by Sara Sloan Photo by Fred Cate

Sampson Nyima
July 11, 2014 June 16, 2004
Male Female
Darker tear lines down his face. Born at Potawatomi Zoo and arrived at IZ in 2005. Nyima has
Arrived at IZ in 2015. Currently housed behind the scenes. been on exhibit.
Resources
1 Red Pandas, Red Panda Pictures, Red Panda Facts - National Geographic. (n.d.). Retrieved December 7, 2017, from
http://animals.nationalgeographic.com/animals/mammals/red-panda/?source=A-to-Z
2 Ailurus fulgens (red panda). (n.d.). Animal Diversity Web. Retrieved December 20, 2017, from
http://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Ailurus_fulgens/
3 Glatston, A., Wei, F., Than Zaw & Sherpa, A. 2015. Ailurus fulgens (errata version published in 2017). The IUCN Red List of
Threatened Species2015: e.T714A110023718. http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-
4.RLTS.T714A45195924.en. Downloaded on 23 November 2018.
4 Red Panda (Ailurus fulgens). Wildscreen Arkive. Retrieved December 20, 2017. http://www.arkive.org/red-
panda/ailurus-fulgens/
5 Littig, Tim. Personal communication on January 28, 2018. Email. (Approval)
Ring-Tailed Lemur
Lemur catta
Size 15-18 in body1,2 Habitat Dry deciduous forests, spiny bush, gallery
22-25 in tail1,2 forest, savanna and rock canyons2,3
Weight 5-7.5 lbs1,2 Distribution South and southwest Madagascar1,2,3
Lifespan Wild: up to 18 yrs1 Wild Diet Fruit makes up most of their diet, but they also
Captive: up to 33 yrs2 eat leaves, flowers, tree bark and sap1,2
AZA Avg: 16.5 yrs.
Reproduction One to two offspring are born after a 4- Zoo Diet Fresh fruits and vegetables, lemur leaf eater
4.5 month gestation. Offspring are biscuits, browse, lo-cal/hi-cal primate gel, high
weaned at 5 months2. fiber sticks4
Social Live in mixed sex troops of up to 30 Conservation Endangered due to habitat loss, hunting, and
individuals with a dominant female in Status climate change.1,3
charge. 1
Note: The troop is currently split into two groups. Group 1: Bree, Finn, Teagan, Quigley, Murphy, and Owyn
Group 2: Sheridon and her baby, Nora, and Reilly
Bree Sheridon
March 7, 2008 February 27, 2010 Teagan
Female Female April 1, 2013
A wavy line for her brow, almost a { like A very straight line above her brow and Female
marking, slight peaks of black above her minimal black around her eyes. Born at Very high arching marks above her eyes
eyes. Born at Indy Zoo. Indy Zoo. that touch the grey above. Daughter to
Bree. Born at Indy Zoo.
Reilly Finn Quigley

April 3, 2013 April 25, 2014 April 2, 2017
Female Male Male
Has identifiable bob tail because the end The black around his eyes is thick and Born at Indy zoo to Bree and Finn. More
was removed for medical reasons. pointy which makes him always look yellow colored eyes with quite a bit of
Born at Indy Zoo. surprised. Arrived at IZ in 2016. black around them.
Nora Murphy
Owyn
March 6, 2018 March 14, 2018
March 14, 2018
Female Male
Male
Born at Indy Zoo to Teagan and Finn. Born at Indy Zoo to Bree and Finn.
Born at Indy Zoo to Bree and Finn.
Hand raised by keeper staff. Adopted by Larger than twin Owyn with more black
Smaller than twin Murphy with less
Reilly. Faded black lines to bridge of around his eyes. Black lines connect to
black around his eyes and no black
nose. bridge of his nose.
connecting to his nose.
Gwen
June 4, 2018
Female
Born at Indy Zoo to Sheridon and Finn.
Thin black lines over eyes; straight
white line across forehead.
Resources
1 Ring-Tailed Lemurs, Ring-Tailed Lemur Pictures, Ring-Tailed Lemur Facts - National Geographic. (n.d.). Retrieved
December 20, 2017, from http://animals.nationalgeographic.com/animals/mammals/ring-tailed-lemur/?source=A-to-Z
2 Lemur catta (ring-tailed lemur). (n.d.). Retrieved December 20, 2017 from
http://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Lemur_catta/
3 Andriaholinirina, N, et al. Lemur catta. (2014). The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Retrieved December 2, 2016, from
http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/11496/0
4 Shaw, Michelle. Personally communication on February 15, 2018. Approval.
White Handed Gibbon (Lar Gibbon)
Hylobates lar
Size 16-24 inches2 Habitat Rainforests, high canopy species2
Weight Females: 9.5-15 lbs2 Distribution Southeast Asia: Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia,
Males:11-17 lbs2 Myanmar and Thailand1,2
Lifespan Avg 25-30 yrs2,4 Wild Diet Largely frugivorous eating ripe fruit, but also
eat other vegetation such as leafy plants and
flowers and some insects1,2
Reproduction One offspring is born after a 7 month Zoo Diet Primate biscuits, canned primate diet, steamed
gestation. Weaned at 20 months2. sweet potatoes, hard boiled eggs, various fruits
Females have one offspring every two or & vegetables, and flavored gel
three years and are the primary caregiver
occasionally assisted by the male and
older offspring.4
Social Generally monogamous, living in small Conservation Endangered due to hunting for subsistence food
nuclear family groups of up to 6 Status and the pet trade, as well as deforestation and
individuals.2 habitat fragmentation.1
Photo by Fred Cate Photo by Shannon Gaughon

Koko Elliot
December 23, 1996 October 14, 2002
Female Male
Black. Blonde.
Born at Reid Park Zoo, arrived at IZ in 2007. Arrived at IZ in 2009 from the Santa Barbara Zoo.
Since she was mother reared, she is a bit more standoffish You will often find him sucking his thumb. He was hand raised
and can be seen more often up on the rockwork/propping. and therefore is very curious about humans.
Kavi
January 8, 2019
Unknown
Born to Koko and Elliot at the Indy Zoo.
*Note: The color of a white-handed gibbon depends on its genetics, not its sex.4
Resources
1 Brockelman, W., & Geissmann, T. (2008). Hylobates lar. Retrieved December 20, 2017, from
http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/10548/0
2 Hylobates lar (white-handed gibbon). (n.d.). Retrieved December 20, 2017, from
http://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Hylobates_lar/
3 Shaw, Michelle. Personal communication on February 15, 2018. Approval.
4 White-Handed Gibbon (Hylobates lar). Wildscreen Arkive. Retrieved on December 20, 2017.
http://www.arkive.org/white-handed-gibbon/hylobates-lar/.
Macaws
The Indianapolis Zoo will have 3 flocks: the Racers and Pacers which are housed behind the Plains biome, and the Pit Crew,
which is on exhibit in the Forests biome. Each flock will fly twice a day to the Bicentennial Pavilion for our Magnificent Macaw
Presentation. For 2018, the 73 birds will be managed and cared for by an outside company, Steve Martin’s Natural
Encounters, Inc as well as our Flights of Fancy team. The macaws will live here permanently.
Blue-and-Gold Macaw
Ara ararauna
Size 32-36 inches2, 4 Habitat Subtropical and tropical forests, woodlands,
and savannas1,2,3
Weight 2-4 lbs.2 Distribution South America: Northern Half1, 3
Lifespan May reach 50-60 yrs in the wild or Wild Diet seeds, grains, nuts, fruit2, 3, 4
captivity2,4
Reproduction Form monogamous pairs and mate for Zoo Diet Pellet-Pretty bird and Zupreem, fruit, veggies,
life. Females lay 2 to 3 eggs and incubate and an assortment of nuts: peanut, walnut,
for 24 to 28 days in tree hollow. Chicks hazelnut, brazil, etc.5
are independent in 3 months.2,3
Social Usually found in pairs but sometimes in Conservation Least Concern: Population decreasing due to
flocks of up to 25 individuals4 Status pet trade, but fairly tolerant of
fragmentation.1
Other names: Blue-and-Yellow Macaw, Yellow-Breasted Macaw,
Blue Macaw
Individuals in the Pit Crew and Hatchdate:

Barton: June 18, 2014
Fiji: May 14, 2014
Hennessy: July 3, 2016
Jameson: July 11, 2016
Porter: August 8, 2016
Sake: August 5, 2016
Note: These birds can look very similar to the Blue-Throated

Macaw. Notice the lighter face and black under the chin instead of
blue as well as the green forehead.
Photo by Dan Boyd
Resources
1 BirdLife International 2018. Ara ararauna. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2018:
e.T22685539A131917270. http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22685563A93079992.en. Downloaded
on 16 November 2018.
2 Catania, K. 2011. "Ara ararauna" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed December 13, 2017 at
http://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Ara_ararauna/
3 Collar, N., Boesman, P. & Sharpe, C.J. (2016). Blue-and-yellow Macaw (Ara ararauna). In: del Hoyo, J., Elliott, A., Sargatal, J.,
Christie, D.A. & de Juana, E. (eds.). Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona. (retrieved
from http://www.hbw.com/node/54616 on December 13, 2017).
4 Trust, W. P. (n.d.). Blue-and-yellow Macaw. Retrieved December 13, 2017 from
https://www.parrots.org/encyclopedia/blue-and-yellow-macaw/.
5 Keen, Meagan. Personal communication on March 1, 2018. Email. Approval.
Blue-Throated Macaw
Ara glaucogularis
Size ~33 in.2,3 Habitat Gallery forest and islands of trees surrounded by
tropical savanna1,2, 4
Weight 1.3-2 lbs. Males tend to be Distribution Bolivia1, 3, 4
slightly larger than females.2,3
Lifespan May live 50 years or longer4 Wild Diet Relies heavily on fruit from Motacu palms instead of
seeds and nuts1,2
Reproduction Form monogamous pairs.2, Nest Zoo Diet Pellet-Pretty bird and Zupreem, fruit, veggies, and an
in cavities and lay 1-3 eggs that assortment of nuts: peanut, walnut, hazelnut, brazil,
incubate for 26 days.1, 3, 4 etc.5
Social Typically found in pairs, but Conservation Critically Endangered. Between 50-249 individuals
occasionally in groups up to 7- Status left in the wild due to pet trade and habitat loss.
91 Population now stable thanks to conservation
efforts.1,3
Other Names: Wagner’s Macaw, Caninde Macaw
Individuals in the Pit Crew and Hatch Date:

Edison: March 20, 2016
Tesla: March 18, 2016
Tito: March 18, 2016
Note: These birds can look very similar to the Blue and Gold
Macaw, however they are much smaller. Also, note the
darker face and blue under the neck instead of black.
Resources
1 BirdLife International 2018. Ara glaucogularis. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2018:
e.T22685542A130868462. Downloaded on 16 November 2018.
2 Wyatt, S. 2011. "Ara glaucogularis" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed December 13, 2017 at
http://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Ara_glaucogularis/
3 Collar, N., Boesman, P. & Sharpe, C.J. (2016). Blue-throated Macaw (Ara glaucogularis). In: del Hoyo, J., Elliott, A., Sargatal,
J., Christie, D.A. & de Juana, E. (eds.). Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona. (retrieved
from http://www.hbw.com/node/54617 on December 13, 2017).
4 Trust, W. P. (n.d.). Blue-throated Macaw. Retrieved December 13, 2017, from
https://www.parrots.org/encyclopedia/blue-throated-macaw
Great Green Macaw
Ara ambiguous
Size 33-35 cm2 Habitat Humid and wet lowland, foothills, and
deciduous forests.1, 3
Weight ~3 lbs.3 Distribution Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Honduras,
Nicaragua, Panama1, 3
Lifespan May live as long as 50-60 years3 Wild Diet Largely dependent on the almendro tree,
especially during breeding season, also eats
other flowers, seeds, and fruits1, 4
Reproduction Family groups of 5-6. Breeding Zoo Diet Pellet-Pretty bird and Zupreem, fruit, veggies,
begins in August with clutches of and an assortment of nuts: peanut, walnut,
2-3 eggs in tree cavities.2, 4 hazelnut, brazil, etc.5
Social Found in pairs and groups of 3-4 Conservation Status Endangered. <2,500 individuals left.
birds3 Deforestation largely due to farming and
logging, and the pet trade.1
Other Names: Buffon’s Macaw, Green Macaw, Grand Military
Macaw, Grand Green Macaw, Guayaquil Green Macaw
Individuals in the Pit Crew and Hatchdate:

Selva: May 16, 2016
Note: Looks very similar to the Military Macaw. Green Great

macaws are much larger than Military macaws with a larger
beak.
Photo by Jan H. Boer
Resources
1 BirdLife International 2016. Ara ambiguus. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016:
2 Wildscreen Arkive. 2003. Great Green Macaw. Arkive. Retrieved from http://www.arkive.org/great-green-macaw/ara-
ambiguus/. On December 13, 2017.
3 World Parrot Trust. Great Green Macaw. Retrieved from https://www.parrots.org/encyclopedia/great-green-macaw.
December 13, 2017.
4 Collar, N., Boesman, P. & Sharpe, C.J. (2016). Great Green Macaw (Ara ambiguus). In: del Hoyo, J., Elliott, A., Sargatal, J.,
Christie, D.A. & de Juana, E. (eds.). Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona. (retrieved
from http://www.hbw.com/node/54619 on 13 December 2017).
Green-Winged Macaw
Ara chloropterus
Size 35 in.2, 3 Habitat Rainforest and hills in north of range, drier,
more open areas in south of range2, 3
Weight 2.3-2.9 lbs.2 Distribution Northern half of South America1, 2, 3
Lifespan May live as long as 60 yrs2 Wild Diet Fruits and seeds2, 3 and occasionally leaves3
Reproduction Clutch size of 2 to 3 eggs, incubation of Zoo Diet Pellet-Pretty bird and Zupreem, fruit, veggies,
27 days, nests in tree cavities and and an assortment of nuts: peanut, walnut,
crevices on cliff faces2 hazelnut, brazil, etc.5
Social Found in pairs or small flocks, Conservation Least Concern: Although populations are
sometimes with other species of macaw2 Status declining due to habitat loss and exploitation,
range is very large.1
Other Names: Red and Green Macaw, Red-and-Blue Macaw, Red-
Blue-and-Green Macaw
Individuals in the Pit Crew:

Orchard: May 26, 2016
Vineyard: January 27, 2017
Note: Although very similar to the Scarlet macaw, the Green-Winged

macaw has green instead of yellow on its wing and is larger than the
Scarlet macaw. Green-Winged macaws have a less harsh call than
Scarlet macaws.2, 3
Photo from Petparrotsweb.com
Resources
1 BirdLife International 2016. Ara chloropterus. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016:
2 World Parrot Trust. (n.d.). Red-and-green Macaw. Retrieved January 21, 2018, from
https://www.parrots.org/encyclopedia/red-and-green-macaw.
3 Collar, N., Boesman, P. & Sharpe, C.J. (2016). Red-and-green Macaw (Ara chloropterus). In: del Hoyo, J., Elliott, A., Sargatal,
J., Christie, D.A. & de Juana, E. (eds.). Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona. (retrieved
from http://www.hbw.com/node/54621 on 23 November 2016).
Hyacinth Macaw
Anodorhynchus hyacinthinus
Size 37-39 in.1, 3, 4 Habitat Savannah grasslands, palm stands, and dry
thorn forests2, 4,5
Weight 2.6-3.7 lbs.3 Distribution Bolivia, Brazil, Paraguay1, 4,5
Lifespan Potentially 30 to 50+ years5 Wild Diet Nuts from native palms such as acuri and
baciuva2, 4,5
Reproduction Clutches of 2 eggs, although only one Zoo Diet Pellet-Pretty bird and Zupreem, fruit,
survives to maturity, nests in tree veggies, and an assortment of nuts: peanut,
cavities or cliff faces2,5. Incubation walnut, hazelnut, brazil, etc.6
lasts a month and chicks are
dependent on parents for 6 months.2
Social Mostly found in pairs, but Conservation Status Vulnerable.1 6,500 left: Pet Trade, Habitat
occasionally in flocks of 2 to 8 birds3 destruction, hunting.1, 2,5
Other Names: Hyacinthine Macaw, Blue Macaw, Black Macaw
Photo by Carla Knapp

Colt (Ambassador Bird)
Resources
1 BirdLife International 2016. Anodorhynchus hyacinthinus. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016:
e.T22685516A93077457. http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22685516A93077457.en. Downloaded on 23
November 2018.
2 Wildscreen. 2003. Hyacinth macaw. Wildscreen Arkive. http://www.arkive.org/hyacinth-macaw/anodorhynchus-
hyacinthinus/.
3 Hagan, E. 2004. "Anodorhynchus hyacinthinus" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed October 26, 2016 at
http://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Anodorhynchus_hyacinthinus/
4 Collar, N., Boesman, P. & Sharpe, C.J. (2016). Hyacinth Macaw (Anodorhynchus hyacinthinus). In: del Hoyo, J., Elliott, A.,
Sargatal, J., Christie, D.A. & de Juana, E. (eds.). Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona.
(retrieved from http://www.hbw.com/node/54613 on 23 November 2016).
5 World Parrot Trust. Hyacinth Macaw. Retrieved from https://www.parrots.org/encyclopedia/hyacinth-macaws.
December 13, 2017.
Military Macaw
Ara militaris
Size 27-29 in.2, 3 Habitat Humid lowland forest, adjacent cleared areas, wooded
foothills in mountainous areas, and canyons.1, 2, 3
Weight 2 lbs3, Distribution Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Mexico,
Peru, Venezuela1
Lifespan May live 50-60 years3 Wild Diet Seeds, Nuts, Berries, Fruit (including palm and fig)2, 3, 4
Reproduction Large communal roosts are Zoo Diet Pellet-Pretty bird and Zupreem, fruit, veggies, and an
sited on cliff-faces,1 2-3 eggs3 assortment of nuts: peanut, walnut, hazelnut, brazil,
etc.5
Social Mostly found in pairs or flocks Conservation Vulnerable: Population decline due to habitat loss,
of up to 10 individuals3 Status fragmentation, and the pet trade.1, 3
Other names: Green Macaw, Blue-Green Macaw

Atilla: March 20, 2017
Khan: March 30, 2017
Soy: March 16, 2016
Wasabi: March 18, 2016
Note: Looks very similar to Great Green Macaws. Military macaws are
smaller and have darker feathers.
Photo from Lafeber.com
Resources
1 BirdLife International. 2013. Ara militaris. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2013:
on 21 October 2016.
2 Wildscreen Arkive. 2007. Military Macaw. Arkive. http://www.arkive.org/military-macaw/ara-militaris/. 26 October
2016.
3 Trust, W. P. (n.d.). Military Macaw. Retrieved December 17, 2016, from https://www.parrots.org/encyclopedia/military-
macaw.
4 Collar, N., Boesman, P. & Sharpe, C.J. (2016). Military Macaw (Ara militaris). In: del Hoyo, J., Elliott, A., Sargatal, J., Christie,
D.A. & de Juana, E. (eds.). Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona. (retrieved
from http://www.hbw.com/node/54618on 23 November 2016).
Scarlet Macaw
Ara macao

Size 33-35 in.2, 3 Habitat Canopy of the rainforest2
Weight 2.2 lbs.2 Distribution Mexico, Central America, South America2, 1
Lifespan May live as long as 60 yrs3 Wild Diet Fruits, nuts, nectar, and flowers2, 4
Reproduction Monogamous. Breed every one to Zoo Diet Pellet-Pretty bird and Zupreem, fruit, veggies, and
two years, clutches of 2 to 4 eggs an assortment of nuts: peanut, walnut, hazelnut,
and raise chicks for a year.2, 3, 4 brazil, etc.5
Cavity nesters.4
Social Can be found in pairs, parties of 3-4, Conservation Least Concern: Huge range and tolerance for
or flocks up to 30 birds4 Status fragmentation has kept these species from major
losses, but their population is still declining.1, 4
Other Names: Red-Blue-and-Yellow Macaw, Red-and-Yellow Macaw,
Red-Breasted Macaw

Cabernet: July 19, 2016
Goose: July 10, 2016
Miller: July 17, 2016
Syrah: July 10, 2016
Note: Although very similar to the Green-Winged macaw, the Scarlet

macaw has yellow on its wings instead of green and is smaller.
Photo by Dan Boyd
Resources
1 BirdLife International. 2012. Ara macao. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2012:
on 20 October 2016.
2 Mijal, M. 2001. "Ara macao" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed October 26, 2016 at
http://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Ara_macao/.
3 World Parrot Trust. Scarlet Macaw. Retrieved October 30, 2016, from https://www.parrots.org/encyclopedia/scarlet-
macaw.
4 Collar, N., Boesman, P. & Sharpe, C.J. (2016). Scarlet Macaw (Ara macao). In: del Hoyo, J., Elliott, A., Sargatal, J., Christie, D.A.
& de Juana, E. (eds.). Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona. (retrieved
from http://www.hbw.com/node/54620 on 23 November 2016).

Forests 2019

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Forests 2019

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Alaskan Brown Bear

Photo by Jill Burbank Photo by Jackie Curts

Photo by Emily Wilson Photo by Jill Burbank Photo by Carla Knapp

Photo by Sara Sloan Photo by Fred Cate

Reilly Finn Quigley

Photo by Fred Cate Photo by Shannon Gaughon

Individuals in the Pit Crew and Hatchdate:

Note: These birds can look very similar to the Blue-Throated

Individuals in the Pit Crew and Hatch Date:

Individuals in the Pit Crew and Hatchdate:

Note: Looks very similar to the Military Macaw. Green Great

Photo by Jan H. Boer

Individuals in the Pit Crew:

Note: Although very similar to the Scarlet macaw, the Green-Winged

Photo from Petparrotsweb.com

Photo by Carla Knapp

Individuals in the Pit Crew:

Photo from Lafeber.com

General Species Information

Individuals in the Pit Crew:

Note: Although very similar to the Green-Winged macaw, the Scarlet

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