Programmable Logic Controller

Prepared by
Tahmid Rongon and Ahad hossain
  Our Project
 History
 Circuit
 What is PLC ?
 Project video
 Why PLC ?
 Advantage
 Architecture of a PLC
 Disadvantage
 Components
 Area of Applications
 Programing Language Of
 Conclusion
PLC
 Summery
 Ladder Logic
 References
 Programming Example
 Block Diagram
 PLC was introduced in late 1960’s.
 First commercial and successful programmable logic
controllers was designed and developed by modicon as a
relay replacer for General Motors.
 Earlier , it was a machine with thousand of electronic
parts.
 Later in late 1970’s the microprocessor became and
greatly enhanced the role of PLC permitting it to evolve
from simply relay to the sophisticated system as it is
today.
 Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) is an industrial
computer that monitors inputs, makes decisions based
on its program and controls outputs to automate a
process or machine.

 The automation of many different processes , such as controlling machines or

factory assembly lines, is done through the use of small computers called a
programmable logic controllers(PLCs).
 To reduce human efforts .
 To get maximum
efficiency from machine
and control them with
human logic .
 To reduce complex
circuitry of entire system
.
 To eliminate the high
costs associated with
inflexible, relay-
controlled systems.
 Power
Supply

INPUT PLC OUTPUT

MEMORY INTERFACE
 INPUT MODULES accepts and converts signals from sensors into
a logic signal
Ex. : Switches, Pushbuttons.
 OUTPUT MODULES that convert control instructions a signal that
can be used by actuators.
Ex. : lamps, alarm.

INPUT
(PUSH
BUTTON)
PLC OUTPUT
(INDICATOR LIGHT)
 Mostcommon languages encountered
in PLC programming are:
1) Ladder Logic.
2) Functional Block Diagram.
3) Sequential Function Chart.
4) Boolean mnemonics.
 The ladder logic is the oldest programming
language for PLC.
 It is well suited to express Combinational logic.
 The main ladder logic symbols represent the
elements :
Ladder Logic Program for Start/Stop of Motor :
Liquid-1 Liquid-2

Mixture
Tank

Dump
Tank
Automatic liquid mixing machine for industrial use.
Neutral Mood
Liquid Coming Mood
Motor Starting Mood
Dump Mood
 Machine controls
 Machine controls
 Food/Beverage processing
 Machine controls
 Food/Beverage processing
 Car park & Train station
control system.
 Machine controls
 Food/Beverage processing
 Car park & Train station
control system.
 Manufacturing, Packaging,
Palletizing
 Machine controls
 Food/Beverage processing
 Car park & Train station
control system.
 Manufacturing, Packaging,
Palletizing
 Material handling
 Machine controls
 Food/Beverage processing
 Car park & Train station control
system.
 Manufacturing
 Packaging, Palletizing
 Material handling
 Textile,Travel,printing Industry
 similar Sequential task as well as
Process control etc.
 very Fast , High speed of operation.
 Small physical size, shorter project time Reduced space.
 inputs and outputs already inside the controller.
 Low power consumption
 designed to withstand vibrations,temperature,humidity,noise
etc.
 Easy maintenance due to modular assembly and flexibility
 Improves Productivity
 Improves Quality
 InitialCosts Are High
 PLC hold only one copy of programmes
 PLC Devices Are Proprietary
 Unemployment Rate Increases
 There's difficulty with changes or
replacements.
 When a problem occurs, hold-up time is
indefinite, usually long, It's always difficult to
find errors.
 The PLC have in recent years experienced an
unprecedented growth as universal element in
industrial automation .
 It can be effectively used in applications ranging
from simple control like replacing a small number
of relays to complex automation problems.
 Today the PLCs are used for control & automation
job in a single machine & it increases up to full
automation of manufacturing / testing process in
a factory.
 Inthis presentation we have discussed about:
 What is PLC.
 Why we use PLC.
 Description of PLC.
 A project over PLC.
 Area of application.
 Advantages & disadvantages
 Wikipedia
 Industrial
Control Handbook, Industrial Press Inc.
 W. Bolton, Programmable Logic Controllers, Fifth
Edition.
 Maher, Michael J. Real-Time Control and
Communications.