Making 5G NR a

Commercial Reality
For enhanced mobile broadband and beyond

April 2018
@qualcomm_tech
Mobile is the largest technology
platform in human history

~ 7.7B
Total mobile
connections1

1980s 1990s 2000s 2010s

Analog voice Digital voice Mobile data Mobile broadband
AMPS, NMT, D-AMPS, GSM, WCDMA/HSPA+, LTE, LTE Advanced,
TACS IS-95 (CDMA) CDMA2000/EV-DO Gigabit LTE

1. GSMA Intelligence, January 2018 2

A new kind of
network to drive
innovation and growth

Significant Smartphone Consumers want

connectivity tech extending 5G smartphones
upgrade into many
industries

3
 5G will address the
insatiable demand
for mobile broadband

Over 30x growth in mobile data

traffic from 2014 to 2020

~8B Gigabytes
Daily global mobile data traffic in 2020

Over 75% of mobile data

traffic from multi-media
streaming in 2020

Source: Nokia Bell Labs Consulting Report, 2016 4

Mobilizing media Rich user-generated Congested High-speed
and entertainment content environments mobility

Connected cloud Immersive Connected Augmented

computing experiences vehicle reality

5G is essential for next •

•
Fiber-like data speeds
Low latency for real-time interactivity

generation mobile experiences •

•
More consistent performance
Massive capacity for unlimited data
5
 Consumer excitement
is building for 5G
smartphones

> 86% ~ 50%

Need or would like Likely to purchase a
faster connectivity phone that supports
on next smartphone 5G when available

Top 3 reasons for 5G:

10x
faster
10x
quicker
More
cost-effective
speeds response time data plans
5G Consumer Survey of smartphone owners:

Source: “Making 5G a reality: Addressing the strong mobile broadband

demand in 2019 and beyond,” September 2017, jointly published by
1,002 1,010 1,000 1,006 1,002 824 5,844 Qualcomm Technologies, Inc. and Nokia.
WW total 6
More autonomous Safer, more autonomous Reliable access Smarter
manufacturing transportation to remote healthcare agriculture

More efficient use Improved public Sustainable cities Digitized logistics

of energy and utilities safety and security and infrastructure and retail

Source: The 5G
Economy, an
Powering the digital economy
independent study from
5G will expand the mobile
$12 Trillion
IHS Markit, Penn

ecosystem to new industries > Schoen Berland and

Berkeley Research
In goods and services by 2035 Group, commissioned
by Qualcomm 7
A rich and continued roadmap of LTE Advanced Pro
advancements is foundational to the 5G evolution

eMBB
URLLC
Significantly improve
Private 5G NR network
performance, scalability
and efficiency NR 5G NR spectrum sharing
5G NR IoT
5G NR C-V2X

Cellular-V2X
Continued evolution
5G
Mobile expansion

Drones communications
Digital TV (eMBMS / enTV) Further enhancements
Public safety
toward meeting IMT-
LTE spectrum sharing
2020 requirements in
LTE IoT (eMTC / NB-IoT)
Gigabit LTE with LAA existing LTE spectrum

Learn more: Rel-13 Rel-14 Rel-15 Rel-16+

www.qualcomm.com/lte-advanced-pro
8
 NR Designing a unified, more capable 5G air interface
Enhanced mobile
broadband High-bands
Above 24 GHz (mmWave)

Mid-bands
5G 1 GHz to 6 GHz

NR
Low-bands
Mission-critical Massive Internet Below 1 GHz
services of Things

Diverse services Diverse spectrum Diverse deployments

Scalability to address an extreme Getting the most out of a wide From macro to indoor hotspots, with
variation of requirements array of spectrum bands/types support for diverse topologies

Learn more: www.qualcomm.com/5G-NR

A unifying connectivity fabric for future innovation

A platform for existing, emerging, and unforeseen connected services
9
First 5G NR standard complete — the global 5G standard
Approved
study items

Rel-15 work items Rel-16 work items Release 17+ evolution

Standalone (SA)
NSA
Phase 1 Phase 2

IoDTs
NR Commercial launches Commercial launches
Field trials
Accelerate eMBB deployments, Deliver new fundamental 5G NR
We are here plus establish foundation for technologies that expand and
future 5G innovations evolve the 5G ecosystem

Continue to evolve LTE in parallel as essential part of the 5G Platform

2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022

10
 Network architecture
Non-Standalone options for 5G NR Standalone
(NSA) option (SA) option
4G Evolved 5G Next
Packet Core Gen Core

4G macro 5G
and small 5G mmWave
and/or sub-6GHz NR 5G sub-6GHz mmWave
cell Radio Radio Network Radio Network Radio
Network Network

Data + control Data only Data and control

over 4G LTE link over 5G NR link over 5G NR link
Dual connectivity Carrier Aggregation

Fast-to-launch | Higher BW and UX* | Network slicing | New services |

VoLTE & CS voice VoNR & 4G fallback
*Initial NSA bandwidth and user experience in 2019-2020
5G NR launches as compared to SA launches in the same
timeframe. Source: Qualcomm Technologies, Inc. 11
5G next Gen Core (NGC) also part of 3GPP Rel-15
Increased flexibility through NFV and SDN — essential to 5G NR expansion

Configurable end-to-end
Mobile broadband connectivity per vertical

Modular, specialized network

5G Mission-critical control
functions per service

Flexible subscription models

Internet of Things Dynamic control and user planes

with more functionality at the edge

NFV: Network Functions Virtualization; SDN: Software Defined Networking

Better cost/energy Optimized Flexible biz models Dynamic creation

efficiency performance and deployments of services
12
3GPP Rel-15 establishes a solid foundation for 5G NR
For enhanced mobile broadband and beyond
Scalable OFDM- Flexible slot-based Advanced Massive Mobile
based air interface framework channel coding MIMO mmWave

Scalable OFDM Self-contained Multi-Edge LDPC and Reciprocity-based Beamforming

numerology slot structure CRC-Aided Polar MU-MIMO and beam-tracking

Efficiently address Key enabler to low Efficiently support large Efficiently utilize a large Enables wide mmWave
diverse spectrum, latency, URLLC and data blocks and a reliable number of antennas to bandwidths for extreme
deployments/services forward compatibility control channel increase coverage/capacity capacity and throughput

Our technology inventions are driving Rel-15 specifications

Early R&D investments | Best-in-class prototypes | Fundamental contributions to 3GPP
Download the 3GPP Release-15 5G NR design presentation to learn more — link 13
Making 5G NR a commercial reality for 2019
For standard-compliant networks and devices

Vodafone
Group

Best-in-class 5G 5G NR standards and 5G NR interoperability Modem and

prototype systems technology leadership testing and trials RFFE leadership
Designing and testing 5G Our technology inventions are Leveraging prototype systems and Announced the Qualcomm
technologies for many years driving the 5G NR standard our leading global network experience Snapdragon X50 5G modem family

LTE foundational technologies

14
Best-in-class 5G NR mobile prototype systems
Sub-6 GHz and mmWave

5G NR Baseband 5G NR UE 5G NR gNodeB
Flexibly designed to track and drive RFFE in mobile form-factors Enable early system-level testing
3GPP standardization in Rel-15+ to mimic real-world performance and demonstrations

• World’s first announced 5G NR prototype — June 2016

• World’s first 5G NR data connection — February 2017
• World’s first interoperable 5G NR system — November 2017
15
Handheld and in-vehicle UEs Multiple gNodeBs with Indoor mobility with wall penetration
with hand-blocking seamless handovers and dynamic blocking

Utilizing adaptive beamforming and beam

tracking techniques Outdoor vehicular mobility up to 30 mph

Qualcomm Research 5G mmWave prototype Watch video:

www.qualcomm.com/videos/mobilzing-
Showcasing robust mobile communications in real-world OTA testing mmwave-enhanced-mobile-broadband

16
Industry-leading 5G NR interoperability testing
At the center of the 5G ecosystem, leading the way to 5G NR commercialization

World’s first interoperable World’s first interoperable Successful multi-band Additional vendors, World’s first announced
5G NR sub-6 GHz data 5G NR mmWave data 5G NR interoperability new functionality, L2 standard-compliant trials
connection connection testing connectivity, and more based on a 5G modem chipset

November 2017 December 2017 Today MWC 2018 2H-2018

Learn more: www.qualcomm.com/news/onq/2017/12/21/another-first-our-path-5g-nr-commercialization

In collaboration with 20+ global mobile network operators

17
The world’s first end-to-
end 5G NR sub-6 GHz
interoperable connection
November 2017

Compliant with the 3GPP

5G NR standard

5G NR scalable OFDM air interface

5G NR low latency slot-based framework

5G NR advanced channel coding

100 MHz bandwidth, operating at 3.5 GHz

www.qualcomm.com/videos/5g-nr-sub-6-
Watch video: ghz-interoperability-testing 18
Global mobile industry
leaders achieve multi-band
5G NR interoperability
In collaboration with AT&T, NTT DOCOMO,
Orange, SK Telecom, Sprint, Telstra,
T-Mobile US, Verizon, and Vodafone

Compliant with the 3GPP

5G NR standard

5G NR scalable OFDM air interface

5G NR low latency slot-based framework

5G NR advanced channel coding

8x100 MHz bandwidth, operating at 28 GHz

100 MHz bandwidth; operating at 3.5 GHz

www.qualcomm.com/videos/5g-nr-
Watch video: mmwave-interoperability-testing
19
Industry-first simulation of real world performance reveals
immense 5G user experience gains over 4G
Frankfurt San Francisco
5G NR multi-mode 5G NR multimode
3.5GHz (sub-6GHz) 28GHz mmWave

5x > 490Mpbs ~7x 5x 1.4Gpbs ~ 23x

increase median faster increase median faster
in capacity browsing speed responsiveness in capacity browsing speed responsiveness

Source: Company data and internal analysis

Frankfurt: 3.5 GHz 5G NR + Gigabit LTE multimode vs. Gigabit LTE San Fran: 28 GHz 5G NR + Gigabit LTE multimode vs. Gigabit LTE

Median streaming video quality

8K at 120 FPS with10-bit color and beyond
from 2K at 30 FPS with 8-bit color for LTE users
 Frankfurt Simulation
5G NR Sub-6 GHz Industry-first simulation of
real world performance
reveals immense 5G user
experience gains over 4G
493 Mbps

8.8x
9.2x 184 Mbps

102 Mbps
56 Mbps
20 Mbps 39 Mbps

4G device 4G device
Cat 205G
LTEdevice 4G device 4G device 5G device
in 4G in 5G in 5G in 4G in 5G in 5G
network network network network network network

Median burst rate Cell-edge burst rate

Learn more:
www.qualcomm.com/news/onq/2018/03/07/predicting-real-world-5g-performance 21
San Francisco Simulation Collaborating with global
65% 1.4 Gbps 5x operators to simulate 5G
outdoor
coverage
median
burst rate
increase
in capacity NR mmWave capacity
and coverage

• Significant outdoor coverage possible utilizing

actual existing LTE sites (10+ global cities)
• Will further benefit from LTE infrastructure
(LAA small cells) to support Gigabit LTE launches
• Outdoor coverage only; frees up sub-6 GHz
resources for out-to-indoor capacity
• Based on our extensive over-the-air testing
and channel measurements
22
Significant 5G NR mmWave coverage via co-siting
Simulations based on extensive over-the-air testing and channel measurments
Outdoor Indoor

28 GHz 81% 81% 85%

74% 76%
downlink 65% 66%
coverage % 49% 49%
Co-siting with LTE 41%

US US US US EU Korea Korea Hong Japan LVCC

City 1 City 2 City 3 City 4 City 1 City 1 City 2 Kong City 1 Venue

Site Total 48 36 32 31 28 41 31 39 37
134
density Macro 0 8 15 14 7 33 31 39 37 antenna
(per km2) locations
Small 48 28 17 17 21 8 0 0 0

Download whitepaper: www.qualcomm.com/documents/white-paper-5g-nr-millimeter-wave-network-coverage-simulation 23

 Leveraging LAA small cells used for Gigabit LTE
to deliver significant 5G NR mmWave coverage
LAA vs. 28 GHz coverage 2

8 Mbps 93%

Outdoor downlink coverage (%)

20 MHz CC
81% 82%
40 Mbps
100 MHz CC 65%

LAA
28 GHz LAA
28 GHz

28 GHz LAA
US City 1 US City 2
133 dB maximum allowable +10 dB coverage
path loss (MAPL)1 advantage

Source: Qualcomm Technologies, Inc. 5G NR mmWave Network Coverage Simulation;

24
1. Link budget based on assumptions; additional variations possible due to temporary blockage — field measurements to follow; 2. Target spectral efficiency of 0.4 bps / Hz
Commercializing mmWave in a smartphone form factor
Download the 5G NR mmWave technology
presentation to learn more — link 76 mm

157.25 mm

mmWave (60 GHz) viability Qualcomm 5G NR 9.7 mm

in handset form factor mmWave prototype
11ad in Asus 5G NR mmWave
Zenfone 4 Pro Qualcomm Reference Design

25
5G Modem family

World’s first 5G-NR

multimode modems
2G/3G/4G/5G in
a single chip

Sub-6 + mmWave

Premium-tier
smartphones in 2019

Qualcomm Snapdragon is a product of Qualcomm Technologies, Inc. 26

 Continued, fast-paced
October, 2017 February, 2018
progress towards
commercial devices
in the first half of 2019
Multi-Gigabit transmission
over mmWave spectrum
on working Snapdragon X50 silicon
Qualcomm Snapdragon is a product of Qualcomm
Technologies, Inc. and/or its subsidiaries.
Watch video: www.qualcomm.com/videos/mmwave-worlds-first-5g-modem
27
Global Mobile
Operators Select
Qualcomm®
Snapdragon™ X50
5G Modem for
Mobile 5G NR Trials
in 2018
World’s First Announced
Standard-Compliant Trials based
on a 5G Modem Chipset for
Mobile Devices, including
Smartphone Form-Factors Vodafone
Group
Learn more: www.qualcomm.com/news/onq/2018/02/14/our-5g-vision-closer-reality-ever 28
Global OEMs Select
Qualcomm®
Snapdragon™ X50
5G NR Modem
Family for Mobile
Device Launches in
2019
Qualcomm and Mobile Device
OEMs Focus on Delivering Next-
Generation 5G Mobile
Experiences with Low Latency,
Extreme Capacity and Fiber-Like
Connectivity to the Cloud

Learn more: www.qualcomm.com/news/onq/2018/02/14/our-5g-vision-closer-reality-ever 29

Complexity of mobile RF systems is accelerating
Multi-mode 4G/5G impacts RF-Front End design

Many more
Number of RF bands
spectrum and band combinations
bands/types
By technology generation

4G
Advanced
wireless Early 5G combinations >10,000

technologies

5G
4G carrier aggregation combinations >1,000

A much wider
variation of
use cases 4G today 49

More diverse Early 4G 16

deployment
scenarios

30
 Power
Tracker

Qualcomm
RF Transceiver

A
Power Duplexer / Switch
Amplifier Hexaplexer N

RF Front 4G
T
E
Modem N
N
Low Noise Filter Switch Antenna
Extractor Antenna A

End
Amplifier Switch
Tuner
S
Diversity
Receive

RF Front End
Multimode 3G/4G/5G poses
immense challenge End-to-end approach needed to address growing complexity

Qualcomm Technologies
RFFE Controller
end-to-end system
uniquely positions us to
lead in 5G multimode RFFE A
N
T
Modem XCVR E
N
N
A

` S

Learn more about RFFE:

www.qualcomm.com/news/onq/2018/02/27/leading
-rffe-revolution-paving-path-5g-success
RF Front End
Next gen end-to-end system dynamically tunes RFFE performance
using modem intelligence and network information
31
Snapdragon X50 mmWave solution

Antenna module

5G mmWave antenna
modules and
transceiver chips

Modem
SDR051
Integrated Circuit

Intermediate Frequency mm
Wave

Baseband Digital Trans-ceiver Power Low Switches

Amps NoiseAmps

Snapdragon X50 5G Integrated antenna array Architecture allows flexible

mmWave architecture and RFFE for performance placements and multiple modules
and ease-of-use

32
Driving a rich 5G NR technology roadmap beyond eMBB
Download the 3GPP Release-16 5G NR overview presentation to learn more — link

5G NR 5G NR Non-Orthogonal
C-V2X Multiple Access (NOMA)

Wireless Industrial 5G NR Spectrum Sharing in

Ethernet unlicensed/shared spectrum

5G NR 3GPP Rel-15 5G NR Integrated Access

URLLC 5G NR eMBB design and Backhaul
provides the foundation
Sub-6 GHz | mmWave
33
 Making 5G NR
a commercial reality
for 2019 eMBB
deployments

5G is the foundation to what’s next. Driving the expansion

of 5G NR ecosystem
We are the foundation to 5G. and opportunity
Learn more at www.qualcomm.com / 5G

34
 Wireless
www.qualcomm.com/wireless

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www.qualcomm.com/news/onq

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@qualcomm_tech

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35
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