TRANSISTOR SWITCHING CIRCUIT

Circuit Schematic

1.1 Screenshot of Circuit Schematic using Multisim 14.2

This circuit schematic of a transistor switching circuit is made through the NI Multisim 14.2.
It shows that an antenna is connected to the base of the first transistor. When the antenna
is near an object that is AC energized, a small current gets induced into the antenna due to
electromagnetic induction. This current triggers the first transistor and output of the first
transistor triggers the second and third. The third transistor switches ON the LED, indicating
that AC voltage is present. When the switch is off, the detector will not run.
List of Materials and Cost

 9V Battery with Battery Snap

 LED (red)
 2N3904 Transistor (3 pcs.)
 1M Ohm Resistor
 100k Ohm Resistor
 220 Ohm Resistor
 470 Ohm Resistor
 Switch
 Wire
 Soldering Iron and Lead
 PCB
 Breadboard
 Digital Multimeter

1.2 Screenshot of the Receipt

Discussion
A lot of serious injury or even death is caused by electricity which is why safety must come
first when working with electricity or electric devices. When you can’t completely isolate
your device from the supply wires, verification of AC voltage is needed to prevent injuries
and that’s why AC line detector is important. AC line detector is a device which detects AC
line currents without making any electrical connections to the line. A circuit to identify the
line and the neutral of an AC circuit, without making contact with the wires. It has the
capability to sense a flow of alternating current around its vicinity and the concept of
working behind this project is that a live wire has alternating current flowing through it.
These also radiate from the wires and hence can be felt by a nearby sensing circuit which is
properly tuned to do so. This project has an antenna which does this task of receiving these
radiated waves. The received waves are then converted into a human recognizable form
with the help of a processing circuitry. The motive of this project is to detect presence of
electricity wirelessly. This DIY project is made with less components but it could easily
detect AC line currents which is beneficial and interesting as well.