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In-Plant Pump Station PDF
In-Plant Pump Station PDF
Wastewater
Technology Fact Sheet
In-Plant Pump Stations
DESCRIPTION
TABLE 1 PUMP APPLICATION
The terrain of the treatment plant site and the Pump Type
Typical
influent sanitary sewer depth govern the need for Application
and location of in-plant pumping facilities. In-plant Centrifugal Raw Wastewater Flush Water
pump stations are facilities that consist of pumps
Primary Sludge Spray Water
and service equipment designed to pump flows
from lower to higher elevations to allow continuous Secondary Sludge Seal Water
and cost-effective treatment through unit processes Effluent Wastewater
within the plant.
Positive
Primary Sludge
Displacement
The type of pumps most commonly used at
wastewater treatment plants include the centrifugal, Thickened Sludge
progressive cavity, and positive displacement. The Digested Sludge
three types are listed in Table 1 with the different
Slurries
pump applications. Archimedes screw pumps
(progressive cavity) are used to pump raw Chemical Feed
Applications
wastewater and return activated sludge in treatment
plants, but only in larger facilities because of the Progressive
All types of Sludge
Cavity
high purchase cost. These pumps are popular
because they are relatively easy to operate. All types of Slurries
PERFORMANCE
50
Power Supply
Head (m)
40
The most labor-intensive task for pump stations is Typically in-plant pump stations are less expensive
routine preventive maintenance. A well-planned than their collection system (lift station) counter
maintenance program for pump station pumps parts. Pump station construction has a significant
prevents unnecessary equipment wear and economy-of-scale. Typically, if the capacity of a
downtime. Regardless of the excellence of pump station is increased 100 percent, the
servicing programs, equipment use causes wear construction cost would only increase about 50 to
and, ultimately, failure or breakage of parts. Pump 55 percent. An important practical consideration is
station operators must have an inventory of critical that two identical pump stations would cost
spare parts available. The number of spare parts in approximately 25 to 30 percent more than a single
station of the same combined capacity. Usually, 2. Don Casada. Pump Optimization for
complex pump stations cost two to three times Changing Needs. Operations Forum. Vol. 9,
more than more simple pump stations with no No. 5, 14-18, May 1998.
construction complications.
3. Environmental Protection Agency. Design
Construction costs for in-plant pump stations are Manual. Odor and Corrosion Control in
usually not segregated, but rather included in the Sanitary Sewerage Systems and Treatment
overall capital construction costs for a treatment Plants. EPA/625/1-85/018, October 1985.
facility. Therefore, there is a wide range of costs
starting as low as $30,000 and reaching as high as 4. Gravette B. R. Benefits of Dry-pit
$1,000,000 (Pasco, 2000). The low end cost is for Submersible Pump Stations. In Proceedings
small plants while the higher end includes of the Water Environment Federation, 68th
sophisticated equipment and/or a large plant. Annual Conference, Miami Beach, Florida,
Vol. 3, 187-196, October 1995.
Operation and Maintenance Costs
5. Graham B, J., Pinto T.G. and T. Southard.
Pump station operation and maintenance (O&M) Backyard Pumping Stations – The Low-
costs include costs for power, labor and pressure Grinder Systems That Call Old
maintenance. If chemicals are used at the pump Septic Tanks Home. Operations Forum,Vol.
station for odor control, O&M costs will include 10, No. 5, 25-29, May 1993.
the cost for chemicals. Usually, the costs for solids
disposal are minimal, but are considered a part of 6. Jackson J. K. Variable Speed Pumping
the O&M costs if the pump station is equipped with Brings Efficiency to Pump Systems.
bar screens to remove coarse materials from the Operations Forum,Vol. 13, No. 5, 21-24,
wastewater. Typically, power costs are 85 to 95 May 1996.
percent of the total O&M costs and are directly
proportional to the unit cost of power and the actual 7. Lindeburg, Michael R. Civil Engineering
power used by the pump station pumps. Labor Reference Manual, 6th ed., Professional
costs are usually 1 to 2 percent of total O&M costs. Publications, Inc., revised edition 1995.
Annual maintenance costs vary, depending on the
complexity of the equipment and instrumentation. 8. Makovics J. S. and M. Larkin.
Rehabilitating Existing Pumping Systems:
REFERENCES Trips, Traps and Solutions. Operations
Forum, Vol. 9, No. 5, 10-17, May 1992.
Other Related Fact Sheets
9. Metcalf & Eddy Inc., Wastewater
Sewers, Lift Stations Engineering: Collection and Pumping of
EPA 832-F-00-073 Wastewater, McGraw Hill Book Company,
September, 2000 1981.
Other EPA Fact Sheets can be found at the 10. National Fire Protection Association.
following web address: National Fire Codes. Volume 7, Section
http://www.epa.gov/owmitnet/mtbfact.htm 820. Quincy, Massachusetts, 1995.
1. Cavalieri R.R. and G. L. Devin Pitfalls in 11. Paschke N.W. Pump Station Basics –
Wet Weather Pumped Facilities Design. In Design Considerations for a Reliable Pump
Proceedings of the Water Environment Station. Operations Forum, Vol. 14, No. 5,
Federation, 71st Annual Conference, 15-20, May 1997.
Orlando, Florida, Vol. 2, 719-729, October
1998.
12. Public Works Journal. The 1997 Public ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Works Manual. April 15, 1997.
Miami-Dade Water and Sewer Department
13. Qasim, Syed R. Wastewater Treatment Luis Aguiar, Assistant-Director
Plants - Planning Design, and Operation. 4200 Salzedo Street
Technomic Publishing company, Inc., 1994. Coral Gables, FL 33146
14. Rotondo/Carlgen, 2000. Ken Pasco, East Bay Municipal Utility District
personal communication with Parsons Eileen M. White
Engineering Science, Inc. P.O. Box 24055
Oakland, CA 94523
15. Russell Edward. Screw-Pump
Preservation. Operations Forum, Vol. 9, Wastewater Treatment Plant
No. 5, 18-19, May 1992. Richard R. Roll
P.O. Box 69
16. Sanks R. L., Tchobanoglous G., Newton D., Niagara Falls, NY 14302
Bosserman, B.E., Jones, G. M. Pumping
Station Design, Butterworths, Boston, 1989. City of Houston DPW and Engineering
Gary N. Oradat
17. Schneller T. M. Pumping it Up? Practical Utility Maintenance Division
Means For Evaluating Lift Station Fitness. 306 McGowen Street, Houston, TX 7706
In Proceedings of the Water Environment
Federation, 68th Annual Conference, Miami City of Fayetteville
Beach, Florida, Vol. 3, 155-166 October David Jurgens
1995. 113 West Mountain Street
Fayetteville, AR 72701
18. Smith E. C. Don’t Lose the Pump
Efficiency Game. Operations Forum, Vol. Water & Wastewater Utility
11, No. 7, 18-21, July 1994. Bruno Conegliano
City of Austin, P.O. Box 1088
19. Seigal S.E. Upgraded to the World’s Austin, TX 78767
Largest. Dry-Pit/Submerged Pumps Make
the Grade. Operations Forum, Vol. 11, No. The mention of trade names or commercial
5, 24-28, May 1994. products does not constitute endorsement or
recommendations for use by the United States
20. Water Environment Federation. Design of Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).
Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants,
Manual of Practice No. 8, 1992.
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