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Calcul F Bun PDF
Calcul F Bun PDF
Objective:
drum
The brakes are one of the most important
brakes.
control components of vehicle. They are
required to stop the vehicle within the
smallest possible distance and this is done has better anti fade properties than
by converting the kinetic energy of the
drum brakes.
vehicle into the heat energy which is
dissipated into the atmosphere.
The major advantage of the disc brake
In our vehicle, two disc brakes are used
on the front axle to be more effective and is its ability to operate with little fade at
drum brake on rear axle assisting to slow high temperatures of up to 1073 to 1173
or stop the vehicle instantly after applying K, while drum brakes are highly
the brakes. Tandem master cylinder is
temperature sensitive. A maximum
used as a master cylinder in our vehicle
because the tandem master cylinder temperature of 673 to 700 K should not be
transforms applied brake force into exceeded.
hydraulic pressure which is transferred to
the wheel units through two separate
circuits. This provides residual braking in Water and dirt resistant.
the event of fluid loss.
Better cooling, Friction surfaces are
Selection of disc brakes on front:
directly exposed to air in disc brake
Heating of the Brake rotor increases its while in drum the friction surfaces are
thickness thereby causing no loss in brake
not directly exposed to air.
fluid volume.
Disc brakes are fairly simple to work 1. Floating (or sliding) calipers
with, once you know the parts and their 2. Fixed calipers
functions.
Pistons:
The main components of a disc brake are:
The most common brakes use a single
Rotor hydraulic-actuated piston within a
Caliper, which contains a piston cylinder in the caliper. Pistons are made
Brake pads up of aluminum or chrome-plated iron.
I. Solid type
II. Ventilated type Elements used in our vehicle:
Calipers are the housing that contains the Disc (or) Rotor : Pulsar 150
pistons and the brake pads. The Calipers
Caliper : Pulsar 150
are connected to the Hydraulic system,
and hold the brake pads to the Rotor. Actuation pedal : Maruthi Omni
actuation pedal
Brake Lining : Maruthi Braking Calculations:
Omni brake Hoses
Fd = 305.58 N
BRAKE FLUID, BRAKE PIPES
L2 = 6m AND HOSES:
L1 = 1m It is the functional responsibility of the
brake fluid, brake pipes, and hoses to
Fbp = 305.58 * (6/1)
transmit the hydraulic fluid pressure from
= 1833.48 N
the master cylinder to the caliper located
Where, Fbp = the force output of the brake at the wheel ends. However, again
pedal assembly assuming incompressible liquids and
infinitely rigid hydraulic vessels, the
Fd = the force applied to the pedal pressure transmitted to the calipers will be
pad by the driver
equal to:
L1 = the distance from the brake
pedal arm pivot to the output rod clevis Pcal = Pmc
attachment.
Where, Pcal = the hydraulic pressure
L2 = the distance from the brake
pedal arm pivot to the brake pedal pad transmitted to the caliper
= 432.3 N-m
= 4803.32 * 2
Tr2 = Ffriction × Reff
= 9606.64 N (Rear effective radius= 90*(10)-3)
-3
Where, Fclamp = the clamp force generated = 4803.32 * 90*(10)
by the caliper.
= 432.3 N-m
Where, of the car, there are actually three tire
Tr1, Tr2= the torque generated by the rotor forces being reacted during a typical
stopping event. Because of this condition,
Reff = the effective radius (effective the total braking force generated is
moment arm) of the rotor (measured from defined as the sum of the three contact
the rotor centre of rotation to the centre of patch forces as follows:
pressure of the caliper pistons).
Because the rotor is mechanically coupled Ftotal = ΣFtire (LF, RF)
to the hub and wheel assembly, and
because the tire is assumed to be rigidly = 2 * 1992.17
attached to the wheel, the torque will be
constant throughout the entire rotating
assembly as follows: = 3984.34 N
Where,
Tt = Tw = Tr
Ftotal = the total braking force reacted
Where, Tt = the torque found in the tire between the vehicle and the ground
Tw = the torque found in the
wheel (assuming adequate traction exists)
and the ground (assuming friction exists Integrating the deceleration of a body in
to support the force) motion with respect to time allows for the
determination of speed. Integrating yet
Rt = the effective rolling radius (moment again allows for the determination of
arm) of the loaded tire
position. Applying this relationship to a
Up to this point our analysis has consisted vehicle experiencing a linear deceleration,
of a single wheel brake assembly; the theoretical stopping distance of a
however, because modern vehicles have vehicle in motion can be calculated as
one wheel brake assembly at each corner follows:
BRAKING EFFICIENCY:
Where,
av = the deceleration of the vehicle. η = (Weight of the vehicle / Brake effort)
* 100%
KINEMATIC RELATIONSHIPS
OF VEHICLES = (200 / 305.58) * 100%
EXPERIENCING
DECELERATION: = 65 % (Fair)
SDv = Vv2 / 2 * av
= 9.722 / 2* 19.92
= 2.37 m
Where,
SDv = the stopping distance of the
vehicle
STOPPING TIME:
SDv = Vv * t + ½ av t2
0 = 9.72 * t + ½ 19.92 t2
t = 0.96 sec