SKELETAL SYSTEM

-Support the body structures and provides shape to the body.

-It protects the soft and delicate internal organs.

-It allows movement and anchorage of muscles.

-It provides mineral storage.

-It is the site for hematopoiesis that is , the formation of blood cells.

Bone formation

, also called ossification, process by which new bone is produced. ... The cartilage cells die out and are
replaced by osteoblasts clustered in ossification centres. Bone formation proceeds outward from these
centres. This replacement of cartilage by bone is known as endochondral ossification.

https://www.britannica.com/science/bone-formation

STRUCTURE OF LONG BONE

-A typical long bone contains a shaft, or diaphysis. This is a hollow cylinder of hard , compact bone. It
was makes a long bone strong and hard yet enough for movement. At each end of the diaphysis is an
epiphysis.

At the end of the shaft is the broad medullary canal,. This is filled with yellow bone marrow, mostly
made of fat cells. The marrow also contains many blood vessels and some cells that form white blood
cells, called leukocytes. The yellow marrow function as a fat storage center. The endosteum is the lining
of the marrow canal that keeps the cavity intact.

The medullary canal is surrounded by compact or hard bone. Haversian canals branch into the compact
bone. The carry blood vessels that nourish the osteocytes , or bone cells.
Spongy or cancellous bone – is located at the end of long bones and forms the center of all others
bones.

Articular cartilage- covering the epiphysis is a thin layer of cartilage .

GROWTH- bones grow in length and ossify from the center of the diaphysis toward the epiphyseal
extremities. Using long bone by way of example, it will grow lengthwise in an area called growth zone.

Osteoblast- are bone cells that deposit new bone. As girth increases , bone material is being dissolved
from the central part of the diaphysis.

Osteoclast- are immense bone cells that secrete enzymes. These enzymes digest the bony material,
splitting the bone minerals, calcium, and phosphorus, and enabling them to be absorbed by the
surrounding fluid.
PARTS OF SKELETAL SKELETON
SKULL- IS THE CRANIUM AND FACIAL BONES. The cranium houses and protects the delicate
brain, while the facial bones guard and support the eyes, ears, nose, and mouth.

Cranial bones are thin and slightly curved. The neurocranium forms the cranial cavity that
surrounds and protects the brain and brainstem. The neurocranium consists of the
occipital bone, two temporal bones, two parietal bones, the sphenoid, ethmoid, and
frontal bones—all are joined together with sutures.

https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-ap/chapter/the-skull/