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Equations PDF
Equations PDF
Equations
Work (pressure-
W = P∆V J
volume curve)
m! x! + m! x! + m! x!
Center of mass x=
m! + m! + m!
F!"#
Mechanical Advantage MA =
F!"
W ∆E J
Power P= = 1 watt W =
t t s
Power P = Fv W
1
Kinetic Energy KE = mv ! J
2
Work-Kinetic Energy
W!"# = ∆KE = K ! − K ! J
theorem
Gravitational Potential
U = mgh J
Energy
Elastic Potential 1
U = kx ! J
Energy 2
1 1
Frequency of a wave f= = Hz
T s
m
Speed of a wave v = fλ
s
Fluids
m g
Density ρ=
V cm!
ρ!"#$%&
Specific Gravity
ρ!"#$%
πr ! ∆P
Poiseuille’s Law Q=
8ηL
Continuity Equation A! v! = A! v!
1
Bernoulli’s Equation P! + ρv!! + ρgh! = P! …
2
Gases
F
Pressure P=
A
Ideal Gas Law PV = nRT
Boyle’s Law P! V! = P! V!
V! V!
Charles’ Law =
T! T!
n! n!
Avogadro’s Law =
V! V!
Average kinetic
3
energy of a gas KE!"# = k ! T J
particle 2
Heat capacity at
constant volume for 3 J
an ideal monatomic C! = nR
2 K
gas
Heat capacity at
constant pressure for 5 J
an ideal monatomic C! = nR
2 K
gas
van der Waals nRT n! a
equation of state P= − !
V − nb V
P! = X! P!
Dalton’s Law of Partial
Pressures
P = P! + P! + P!
Thermodynamics
cal J
Heat transferred q = mc∆T 1 = 4.184
g∙K g∙K
Standard Heat of ° °
∆H!,!"#$%&'( − ∆H!,!"#$%#&%'
Reaction
Standard Heat of ° °
∆H!"#$% !"#$%& − ∆H!"#$% !"#$%&
Reaction
Change in Gibbs Free kJ
∆G = ∆H − T∆S
Energy mol
Linear Expansion
∆L = αL∆T
(Solids)
Volumetric
Expansions (Solids & ∆V = βV∆T
Liquids)
Sound
I
Sound Level β = 10log dB
I!
I!
Sound Level β! = β! + 10log dB
I!
P W
Intensity I=
A m!
v ± v!
Doppler Effect f! = f Hz
v ∓ v!
2L
λ=
n
Waves in Open Pipes
v nv
f= =
λ 2L
4L
λ=
n
Waves in Closed Pipes
v nv
f= =
λ 4L
Energy of Photon E = hf
Geometrical Optics
Law of Reflection 𝜃! = 𝜃!
c
Index of Refraction n=
v
Electrostatics
kq! q!
Coulomb’s Law F! = N
r!
F! kQ! N V
Electric Field E= = ! or
q r C m
Electrical Potential kQq
U= J
Energy r
U kQ J
Electrical Potential V= = 1V=1
q r C
Intensity of Uniform V V
Electric Field d m
Voltage (Potential W!"
∆V = V! − V! = Volts
Difference) q
Power VI W
V!
Power W
R
Power I! R W
Circuits
Q C
Current I= 1A=1
t s
Ohm’s Law V = IR
Resistors in Series R ! = R! + R ! + R ! Ohms (Ω)
1 1 1 1
Resistors in Parallel = + + Ω
𝑅! 𝑅! 𝑅! 𝑅!
𝑅∙𝐴
Resistivity 𝜚= Ohm-meter (Ω ∙ m)
𝐿
𝑄 𝐴 C
Capacitance 𝐶 = = 𝜀! 1F=1
𝑉 𝑑 V
!
Energy of a Charged Q 1 1
Capacitor U= = Q∆V = C(∆V)!
C 2 2
1 1 1 1
Capacitors in Series = + + F
𝐶! 𝐶! 𝐶! 𝐶!
Capacitors in Parallel 𝐶! = 𝐶! + 𝐶! + 𝐶! F
Magnetism
N∙s
Magnetic Force F! = qvBsinθ 1T=1
m∙C
Electrochemistry
Electrodeposition It
Equation mol M =
nF
Cell potential cell pot. = red. pot − ox. pot
Kinetics
! !
Rate law rate = k A B
!!!
Arrhenius Equation k = Ae !"
! !
C D
Law of Mass Action k !" = ! !
A B
Solutions
Autoionization of
K ! = H! O! OH ! = 10!!"
water
pH − log H !
pOH − log OH !
Acid Dissociation H! O! A!
k! =
Constant HA
Base Dissociation B OH !
!
k! =
Constant BOH
pK ! −logK !
pK ! −logK !
Point of Inflection pH = pK ! or 14 − pK !
for A! B! :
Solubility Product
Constant
K !" = A!! !
B !! !
Separations & Purifications
distance spot moved
Retardation factor R! =
distance solvent front moved
Henry’s Law A = K ! × P!
Genetics
p+q=1
Hardy-Weinberg
p! + 2pq + q! = 1
Enzymes
v!"# S
Michaelis-Menten v=
K ! + [S]
°
RT
Nernst Equation E!"## = E!"## − ln (Q)
nF