ENCIT-2018-0005

POLLUTANTS PREDICTION IN PULSED DIFFUSE

FLAME THROUGH NUMERICAL METHOD

Author: Antonio Marcos Feitosa da Silva

Co-author: Marcos Antonio Feitosa da Silva

Advisor: Prof. Dr. Fernando Lima de Oliveira

 INTRODUCTION (1/2)

 Soot Emissions

 Pulse Combustion

 Diffuse Flame

 Objective: Figure 1. Diffusive flame

Source: Author,2017.

 Determine the resultant fractions from the combustion.

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 INTRODUCTION (2/2)

 Pulse burner of diffusive laminar flame.

Figure 2. Configuration of the burner

a) speaker, b) LPG inlet, c) anchoring disc

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 METHODOLOGY (1/6)
(c)
 Pulse burner
a) LPG gas inlet = 4,5mm ∅
(d)
b) Gas injection speaker 0,155 mm
c) LPG gas outlet = 123,11 mm2∅
d) Disc for flame anchoring = 17x11,5mm ∅

 Reynolds laminar = 1006

(b)
 Incompressible Mach = 1,97x10-3 (a)

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 METHODOLOGY (2/6) (b) (c)

 Experimental Method
Frequency 5 - 5Hz

30 band spectrum; filter1/3 dB 8ª

(a)
MIC ½” diameters type 1, precision ± 1,0 dB

(a) Height 1,28 m - (b) Distance 5cm

(c) Investigator 2260-Brüel & Kjaer

Standards ISO-3744:1994 - ISO-3746:1995 Figure 3. Experimental arrange for frequency measurements

Source: Author,2017

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 METHODOLOGY (3/6)
Geometric model of the burner
(c)
Combustion study

a) Difusser (a)
b) Burner body
(b)
c) Combustion chamber

Figure 4 – Geometric model of the burner

Source: author, 2017

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 METHODOLOGY (4/6)
 Boundary Conditions
Inlet flow = 0,22 g/s
Diffuser: non-slip condition.

Chamber burner
interface: general
connection.

Relative opening pressure : 0 Pa

Figure 5 – Computational domain boundary conditions.

Source: author,2017

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 METHODOLOGY (5/6)
Geometrical model of the combustions chamber
Body of the combustion
chamber, non-slip condition.

Chamber burner
interface: general
connection

Static pressure : 0 Pa

Figure 6 – Boundary conditions: chambre combustion

Source: author,2017

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 METHODOLOGY (6/6)
 Experimental arrangement of flame image capture

(a) SONY, model Cyber Shot DSC W - 610

(a)
14,5 Megapixels on the horizontal

Lens with zoom 4×focus = 4,7 mm a 18,8 mm (c)

(c) Height 1,15 m - (b) Distance 20 cm

Figure 7 – Flame image capture system

Source: author, 2017

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 RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS (1/9)
 Distribution at the burner outlet
Velocity (a) Temperature (b)

V=1,107 m/s;
Effects of diffuser geometry
and gas expansion.

3mm above the

anchor disc. There is
heat release to the
burner walls.

Figure 8 – Boundary variables: velocity end temperature.

Source: author, 2017

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 RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS (2/9)
 Distribution at the burner outlet
Fraction of C3H8 (a) Fraction of C4H10 (b)

Figure 9 – Boundary variables: propane end butane.

Source: author, 2017

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 RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS (3/9)
 Distribution at the burner outlet
Fraction of O2 (a) Fraction of soot (b)

Figure 10 – Boundary variables: oxygen end soot.

Source: author, 2017

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 RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS (4/9)
 Distribution at the burner outlet
Fraction of CO (a) Fraction of CO2 (b)

Figure 11 – Boundary variables: CO e CO2.

Source: author, 2017

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 RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS (5/9)
 Distribution at the burner outlet
 Temperature Profile

height, X = 3,8mm

Figure 12 – Flame temperature profile

Source: author, 2017

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  Fraction of mass

0,00%
10,00%
20,00%
30,00%
40,00%
50,00%
60,00%

-8,00E-03
-7,87E-03
-7,73E-03
 Gases in combustion

-7,60E-03
-7,46E-03
-7,33E-03
-7,20E-03
-7,06E-03
-6,93E-03
-6,80E-03
-6,66E-03

C3H8
-6,53E-03
-6,39E-03
-6,26E-03
-6,13E-03
-5,99E-03
-5,86E-03
-5,73E-03
-5,59E-03
-5,46E-03
-5,32E-03
-5,19E-03
-5,06E-03

C4H10
-4,92E-03
-4,79E-03
-4,66E-03
-4,52E-03
-4,39E-03
-4,25E-03
-4,12E-03
-3,99E-03
-3,85E-03
-3,72E-03
Source: author,2017
-3,59E-03
CO

-3,45E-03
-3,32E-03
-3,18E-03
-3,05E-03
-2,92E-03
-2,78E-03
-2,65E-03
-2,52E-03
-2,38E-03
-2,25E-03
CO2

-2,11E-03
-1,98E-03
Figure 13 – Fraction of mass: gases in combustion

-1,85E-03
-1,71E-03
-1,58E-03
-1,44E-03
-1,31E-03
-1,18E-03
-1,04E-03
RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS (6/9)

-9,10E-04
-7,76E-04
O2
Height, x = 3,8mm

-6,42E-04
-5,08E-04
-3,75E-04
-2,41E-04
-1,07E-04
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 0,00%
0,01%
0,02%
0,03%
0,04%
0,05%
0,06%
-8,00E-03
-7,84E-03
-7,68E-03
-7,52E-03
-7,36E-03
-7,20E-03
 Fraction of mass

-7,04E-03
-6,88E-03
-6,72E-03
-6,56E-03
-6,39E-03
-6,23E-03
-6,07E-03
-5,91E-03
-5,75E-03
 Soot in combustion

-5,59E-03
-5,43E-03
-5,27E-03
-5,11E-03
-4,95E-03
-4,79E-03

Soot
-4,63E-03
-4,47E-03
-4,31E-03
-4,15E-03
-3,99E-03
-3,83E-03
-3,67E-03
-3,50E-03
-3,34E-03
-3,18E-03
Source: author, 2017
-3,02E-03
-2,86E-03
-2,70E-03
-2,54E-03
-2,38E-03
-2,22E-03
-2,06E-03
-1,90E-03
-1,74E-03
-1,58E-03
Figure 14 – Fraction of mass: soot in combustion

-1,42E-03
-1,26E-03
-1,10E-03
-9,36E-04
-7,76E-04
-6,15E-04
-4,55E-04
-2,94E-04
-1,34E-04
Height, x = 3,8mm
RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS (7/9)

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 RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS (8/9)
 Temperature profiles superimposed on
the flame.

a) Graphic:
 Superposition with figure 12

b) Flame diffusive laminar

Height, x = 3,8mm

Figure 15 – Temperature profiles superimposed on the flame.

Source: author, 2017

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 RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS (9/9)
Table 3. Visual analysis with and without acoustic actuation

Source: Author, 2017

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 CONCLUSION (1/1)

analytical
Frequencies by methods maximum 20,6%
experimental

1179ºC
CFD method for temperature combustion which corresponds
1453k

in percentage terms 26%

Analitical of the experimente research of

between results
Devadiga and Rao (2013)

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 REFERENCES
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pulsating and non-pulsating conditions. Fuel, v. 66, n. 1, 1987.

DEVADIGA, A., NAGESWARA, R.T.; "Optimizing Bunsen burner Performance Using CFD Analysis." International
Journal of Modern Engineering Research (IJMER) 1.3: 2773-2785.

MOURA, T.M., 1981.Análise numérica dos fenômenos de onda em coletores de admissão de motores de combustão
interna. 2013 Campinas, São Paulo -SP.

OLIVEIRA, F. L. Presença de Fuligem não pré-misturadas com excitação acústica. 2007. 97f. Tese de mestrado –
Instituto Tecnológico de Aeronáutica, São José dos Campos-SP.

REIS, L.C. B. S. Análise do escoamento turbulento por um queimador industrial a gás utilizando dinâmica dos
fluidos computacional. 2013. 173. Tese (doutorado) Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Engenharia de
Guaratinguetá, 2013.

Santos, T. P., et al. Numerical Modelling of Swirling Diffusive Flames. Published by EDP Sciences, 2016.

ZINN, B.T. Pulsating combustion. In: Advanced Combustion Methods, ed. F.J. Weinberg, Academic Press. 1986.

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THANK YOU!

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