FACULTY OF CIVIL AND ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING

DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES AND ENVIRONMENTAL

ENGINEERING

ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING LABORATORY

FULL REPORT
SUBJECT CODE BFC 32501
EXPERIMENT CODE &
TITTLE
COURSE CODE
DATE
GROUP
GROUP MEMBER’S NAME 1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
LECTURER/
INSTRUCTOR/ TUTOR
DATE OF SUBMISSION
TSCR
Criteria 1 2 3 4 5 SCR WT
(%)
Attendance & Student in laboratory Student in laboratory Student in laboratory Student in laboratory just Student in laboratory 10
Discipline more than 1 hour late within 30 minutes to 1 within 10 to 30 minutes before laboratory start minutes earlier 1
hour late late
Aim / Purpose - Purpose is not - Purpose is somewhat - Purpose is identified - Purpose is identified - Purpose is clearly
identified vague - Relevant variables are - Relevant variables are identified
- Relevant variables are - Relevant variable are described in somewhat described - Relevant variables are 1
not described not described unclear manner described
Materials There is not a list of the Most lab materials All necessary lab All necessary lab materials All necessary lab
necessary lab materials included materials included but included and listed materials included and
not listed in any listed in an organized 1
particular order manner
Procedure Procedures are not Procedures are listed Procedures are listed in - Procedures are listed in - Procedures are listed
listed but not in clear manner clear steps but not clear steps in clear steps
numbered and/or - Each steps is numbered - Each step is
complete sentences and in a complete sentence numbered and in a 1
complete sentence
- Diagram are included
to describe the set-up
Data Data not represented or - Data lacks precision - Good representation - Accurate representation - Accurate
is not accurate - Greater than 20% of the data using tables of the data using tables or representation of the
difference with accepted or graphs graph data using tables or
values - Less than 15% - Data is fairly precise graphs
difference with accepted - Less than 10% difference - Graphs and tables are 4
values with accepted values labeled and titled.
- Precision is - Data is precise with
acceptable less than 5% difference
with accepted values.
Analysis / - Trends / patterns are - Trends / patterns are - Trends / patterns are - Trends / patterns are - Trends / patterns are
Result not analyzed not analyzed logically analyzed for logically analyzed logically analyzed
- Questions are not - Answer to questions the most part - Question are answered in - Question are
answered are incomplete - Questions are complete sentences answered thoroughly 4
- Analysis is not - Analysis is answered in complete - Analysis is thoughtful and in complete
relevant inconsistent sentences sentences
- Analysis is general - Analysis is insightful
Discussion No discussion was A statement of the A statement of the - Accurate statement of - Accurate statement of
included or shows little results is incomplete results of the lab the results of the lab the results of the lab
effort and reflection on with little reflection on indicates whether result indicates whether result indicates whether result
the lab the lab support the hypothesis support the hypothesis support the hypothesis
- Possible sources of error - Possible sources of 4
identified error and what was
learned from the lab
discussed
Participation Student was hostile Participation was Did the job but did not Used time pretty well. Showed interested,
(during about participation minimal appear to be very Stayed focused on the used time very well,
experiment)
interested. Focus lost experiment most of the guide other students 1
on several occasion time and very focused on the
experiment

Total score
EXAMINER COMMENTS: APPROVAL STAMP
 STUDENT CODE ETHIC (SCE)
FACULTY OF CIVIL AND ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING
DEPARTMENT OF WATER AND ENVIRONMENT

I, hereby confess that I have prepared this report on my own effort. I also admit not to
receive of give any help during the preparation of this report and pledge that everything
mentioned in the report is true.

___________________________
Student signature

Name :

Matric No. :

Date :
1.0 OBJECTIVE

2.0 LEARNING OUTCOMES

i) the student be able to describe the importance of BOD in the environmental studies.
ii) the students be able to measure the BOD of samples with the right sample size.

3.0 THEORY (Not more than 2 pages)

4.0 EQUIPMENT & REAGENTS

5.0 PROCEDURES

6.0 RESULTS AND CALCULATION

 BIOCHEMICAL OXYGEN DEMAND ( BOD)
Analyst:
Date:

Time :

Sample Details:

Source:

pH 0
C

Pretreatment:

Alkalinity/Acidity Comments:

Sample Volume : __________mL

I N NaoH : __________mL
I N N2SO4:__________mL

Volume
DO
Sample Sample Sample Dilution Initial DO Final DO BOD
Depletion
Type ID ( mL) Factor (mg/L) ( mg/L) (mg/L)
( mg/L)

Blank
BOD---
Blank
BOD---
Blank
BOD---
Average BOD
( show the calculation)
Cancelled Data/ Result:

BOD__ =

BOD__ =

BOD__ =
7.0 DATA ANALYSIS

7.1 Calculate for the average BOD

7.2 Show all the calculation and state if any of the data needs to thrown out.
7.3 The dillution water blank can not deplete more than 0.2 mg/L. Was this criteria met?
7.4 Does you sample shows ’a toxic effect’?
7.5 Could you rely on your BOD results? Why?
7.6 By referring to Sewage/Effluent Standard (DOE, Malaysia ) could your sample be discharge to
river untreated? If not, suggest the associated treatment for BOD removal.

8.0 DISCUSSION

Q1. a) Calculate the min / max volume of sample to be added to prepare as estimated
BOD _____________ mg/L.

b) Why must samples containing cautic alkalinity or acidity be adjusted before preparing BOD
dilution?

c) The completed composite sample arrive in the lab at

eg:_________________,_______________) What is the latest day and time the sample can
be started for BOD.

d) Describe the function of BOD bottle’s cap and seal water.

Q2. a) Why must samples containing residual chlorine be dechlorinated before preparation of
BOD dilutions?

b) What reagents are required to chemically dechlorinate a BOD sample?

c) What must be done to samples which have been dechlorinated or adjusted for pH
variations?

Q3. a) State the formula to calculate

i) seed correction
ii) BOD5 (seeded)

b) Calculate the seed correction and BOD5 (seeded) for the data given as below
BOD5 of Seed Material 95 mg/L
Dilution #1 mL of seed material 2 mL
mL of sample 100 mL
Start D.O. 7.8 mg/L
Final D.O. 2.9 mg/L

Q4. a) 30 mL of wastewater are placed in a 300 mL BOD bottle. The sample is diluted to fill the
bottle. The DO concentrations at the beginning and the end of 5-day incubation period are
7.3 mg/L and 1.8 mg/L respectively. What is the BOD?

b) The BOD5 of a wastewater was determined to be 250 mg/L. If the reaction coefficient
was 0.23 l/d, calculate i) ultimate BOD, ii) BOD3 and iii) BOD remaining at 3 days

Q5. a) What is seeding process in BOD measurement?

b) Explain preparation of seed material.
c) What materials can be used to seed a BOD sample

Q6. What is the significance of dissolved oxygen ?

Q7. a) With regard to precision, ten percent duplicate or replicate samples should be run. This would
result in one duplicate sample or one replicate sample being run every ten samples.
Differentiate replicate and duplicate sample
b) When are DO levels at their highest and their lowest and why?