Mansoura University 2nd year Mech. Eng.

Faculty of Engineering .r.'W\ June 2015

Dept. of Power Mech. Eng.
Course Title: Thermodynamics2
Course Code: MPE4222
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Exam Type: Final
Time: 3 Hours
Full Mark: 100

Answer all the following questions. Steam Tables and Charts are allowed
Ouestion 1(20M)
1) Drive the Otto cycle efficiency relation
2) An engine working on Otto cycle has a volume of 0.45 m3, pressure lbar and
temperature 30°C at the beginning of compression stroke. At the end of
compression stroke, the pressure is 11 bar. 210 kJ of heat is added at constant
volume. Determine: (i) Pressures, temperatures and volumes at salient points in
the cycle. (ii) Percentage clearance. (iii) Efficiency. (iv) Net work per cycle.
(v) Mean effective pressure.
Ouestion 2(20M)
1) Write the compressor classification
2) An engine with 200 mm cylinder diameter and 300 mm stroke works
on theoretical Diesel cycle. The initial pressure and temperature of air used are
1 bar and 27°e. The cut-off is 8% of the stroke. Determine :(i) Pressures and
temperatures at all salient points. (ii) Theoretical air standard efficiency. (iii)
Mean effective pressure. Assume that compression ratio is 15 and working fluid
is air.
Question 3(20M)
1) Calculate the amount of work input a refrigerator needs to make ice cubes
out ofa tray of 0.25 kg liquid water at 100e. Assume the refrigerator works in a
Carnot cycle between -8°C and 35°C with a motor-compressor of 750 W How
much time does it take if this is the only cooling load?
2) The compression ratio and expansion ratio of an oil engine working on
the dual cycle are 9 and 5 respectively.' The initial pressure and temperature of
the air are 1 bar and 30°e. The heat liberated at constant pressure is twice the
heat liberated at constant volume. The expansion and compression follow the
law p VI.4 = constant. Determine: (i) Pressures and temperatures at all points.
(ii) Mean effective pressure of the cycle. (iii) Efficiency of the cycle. Take the
Cylinder bore = 250 mm and stroke length = 400 mm.
Ouestion 4(20M)
1)ln a gas turbine plant working on Brayton cycle, the air at inlet is 27°C, 0.1
MPa. The pressure ratio is 6.25 and the maximum temperature is 800°e. The
turbine and compressor efficiencies are each 80%. Find compressor work,
turbine work, heat supplied, cycle efficiency and turbine exhaust temperature.
Mass of air may be considered as 1 kg. Draw T-s diagram.
2) Define the Tonne of Refrigeration (TR) Please Turn Over
Question 5(20M)
1) Write the methods of improvement the Rankine cycle efficiency
2)1n a particular reheat-cycle power plant, steam enters the high-pressure
0
turbine at 5 MPa, 450 C and expands to 0.5 MPa, after which it is reheated to
0
450 C. The steam is then expanded through the low-pressure turbine to 7.5
0
kPa. Liquid water leaves the condenser at 30 C, is pumped to 5 MPa, and then
returned to the steam generator. Each turbine is adiabatic with an isentropic
efficiency of 87%. If the total power output of the turbines is 10 MW, determine
the mass flow rate of steam, the pump power input and the thermal efficiency of
the power plant, and find also the net power output and the total heat transfer in
the boiler
Good Luck
 Mansoura University Thermodynamics 2 - MPE4212 Fall 2014
Faculty of Engineering Final (part 2: psychrometry & equilibrium) Time: 1.5 hrs
Mechanical Power Dpt. Examiner: Prof. Mohamed Nabil Sabry No. of pages: 1
In all problems, unless otherwise stated, assume ambient conditions are: 1 bar and 300K

1. In a summer day, ambient air is at 40°C and 40% relative humidity. Find wet bulb temperature
and dew point. An air conditioner cools 0.05 kg/s of this air to 18°C. Determine the rate of heat
extracted per second as well the rate of water condensation in liters per second.
2. Propane C3H8 (Critical pressure and temperature are 42.7 bar and 370K respectively) is
compressed in a compressor from 1 bar and300 K to 85.4 bar and 740K. The compressor is
cooled at the rate of 100 kJ/kg. Find the work required per ki logram as well as the entropy
change, assuming: a) ideal gas (take specific heat ratio y= 1.333); b) Final state is NOT an ideal
gas (consider variable specific heat and take enthalpy and entropy deviation into consideration).
3. In an isobaric process, 4 kmol of CO are mixed with air and burnt. Combustion gases
contain 3.75 kmol of OOz, 0.25 kmol of 02, as well as a certain amount of CO and N2.
Reactants were initially at 298K, while products are at 2400K. Perform mass and energy
balances and determine the amount of heat exchanged. Assuming chemical equilibrium,
and knowing that the equilibrium constant K(T) for the reaction CO + Yz Oa ~ C02 at
2400K is 47.75, find the pressure.

Useful formula:

In a chemical reaction where A and B are reactants, while C and D are products, equilibrium
occurs when: .

For a component x (where x may be A, B, C or D) Yx=NJNI01 is the actual mole fraction (N being
the actual number of moles) and Vx is the number of moles of component x in the stoichiometric
reaction, while P is the pressure, Po is atmospheric pressure and K is the equilibrium constant
. that is function of temperature.

GOOD LUCK