Triangular Contracted Weirs or V-Notch Weirs-are often used in water

supply, wastewater and sewage systems. They consist of a sharp edged

plate with a rectangular, triangular or v-notch profile for the water flow.

Contracted Weir or Trapezoidal Contracted Weirs-Is a commonly

used weir in many irrigation districts. The weir opening has a flat bottom
and sides that have a particular slope.
Cipolletti

Rectangular Contracted Weirs- A rectangular contracted weir has

rectangular opening where the sides are straight up and down.
A contracted weir means that the ditch leading up to the weir is wider than
the weir opening itself.

Ogee Weirs- is a common weir type whose cross-sectional profile

corresponds to the shape of the underside of a sharp-crested weir nappe.
Just as the shape or trajectory of the sharp-crested weir nappe changes
with flow rate, so does the ogee crest profile.

Broad-crested Weirs-is a flat-crested structure, where the water passes

over a crest that covers much or all the channel width.
Personal and General Laboratory Safety
1. Never eat, drink, or smoke while working in the laboratory.
2. Read labels carefully.
3. Do not use any equipment unless you are trained and approved as a user by your
instructor.
4. If you have long hair or loose clothes, make sure it is tied back and confined.
5. Keep the work area clear of all materials except those needed for your work. Coats
should be hung in the hall or placed in a locker. Extra books, purses, etc. should be kept
away from equipment that requires air flow or ventilation to prevent overheating.
6. Equipment failures – If a piece of equipment fails while being used, report it immediately
to your lab assistant or tutor. Never try to fix the problem yourself because you could
harm yourself and others.
7. Clean up your work area before leaving.
8. Wash hands before leaving the lab and before eating.
9. Never do unauthorized experiments.
10. Do not leave an on-going experiment unattended.
11. Maintain unobstructed access to all exits, fire extinguishers, electrical panels, emergency
showers, and eye washers.
12. Do not put unwanted materials inside the flume.
13. Do not lean on the acrylic glasses of the trainer.
14. Horse playing is not allowed within the trainer’s distance.
BEFORE THE LABORATORY EXPERIMENT
1. Start by familiarizing yourself with the laboratory equipment, particularly with the safety
conditions and procedures and learn how to stop the trainer in case of an emergency.
2. Prepare all the measuring devices to be used.
3. Check mechanical and electrical damages.

DURING THE LABORATORY EXPERIMENT

1. Fill the water tank with enough water. Stand by one or two pails of water in case the
there’s a shortage of water in the tank.
2. Check if the check valve is tightly fastened. And check if the valve is closed.
3. Switch on all the breaker in the control panel.
4. Plug the trainer in the outlet.
5. Ready the materials like the weirs
6. Press the Start/Stop button in the panel.
7. Write down the results.

AFTER THE LABORATORY EXPERIMENT

1. Press the stop button of the pump in the HMI.
2. Press the Start/Stop button the panel.
3. Switch off the all the circuit breaker in the control panel.
4. Drain the water in the storage tank by opening the valve in the tank.
5. Drain also the water in the inlet U shape tank by opening the valve in the top part of the
storage tank.
6. Drain the water inside the rectangular flume and discharge U shape tank by using
manually pump.
7. Disconnect the main plug of the trainer from the power outlet.
Hazards and Safety Precautions
This part of the chapter deals with safety procedures in operating flow measurement
trainer.
Electrical Hazards
1.) Improper Grounding
Prevention:
 Electrical equipment must be properly grounded.
 Grounding reduces the risk of being shocked.
2.) Inadequate Wiring
Prevention:
 Used properly rated extension cords.
 Make sure your power tools are being used with a properly rated extension
cord.
3.) Damage Insulation
Prevention:
 Never use tools or extension cords with damaged insulation.
 Never attempt to repair a damaged cord with tape.
 Insulation prevents conductors from contacting each other or you.
4.) Overloaded Circuits
Prevention:
 Never overload an outlet.
 Use proper circuit breaker.
5.) Damaged tools and Equipment
Prevention:
 Do not use and electric tools that are damaged.