REVIEWER IN COMPUTER 5 (FIRST QUARTER)

 Computer Fundamentals
o Computer is an electronic device that manipulates information, or data.
 HARDWARE-any part of a computer that has a physical structure.
 SOFTWARE-any set of instructions that tells the hardware what to do
and how to do it.
o Different types of computers
 DESKTOP COMPUTERS
 LAPTOP COMPUTERS
 TABLET COMPUTERS
 SERVERS
o Other Types of Computers
 SMARTPHONES
 WEARABLES
 GAME CONSOLES
 TV OR SMART TV
 THE PERSONAL COMPUTERS
 PCs
 Macs

 Understanding Operating Systems

o Basic Processing Cycle of a Computer
 Input-involves collection of data from the outside or also from within the
system
 Process-processes and performs operations required from the first
stage.
 Storage-the data are stored in different storage devices available and
ready to be used again if required by the process.
 Output-the result of the processed data and is now presented and
available for the user
o Operating system is the most important software that runs on a computer.
 Types of Operating System
 Microsoft Windows (1980)
 Mac OS X (Apple)
 Linux (open-source operating system)
 Operating system for mobile devices (Apple iOS, Google Android)

 Understand Applications
o Application is a type of software that allows you to perform specific tasks.
 Desktop Application
 Word Processors
 Spreadsheet Application
 Web Browsers
 Media Player
 Game Application
 Mobile Application
 Gmail
 Instagram
 Duolingo
 Waze
 Computer Fundamentals
o Internet is an interconnection of hundreds of thousands of computers and other
electronic devices
o Internet is made up of computers all over the world.
o Web is just a part of the internet that string together bits of information to make
them easier to find.
 Other things you can do on the Internet.
 Search engines
 Email
 Social Media
 Chat and Instant Messaging
 Online Media

 Connecting with Internet

o There are several ways to get connected to the Internet so that you can browse
the web, download updates, or play online games.
 Types of Internet Services
 Dial-up-slowest internet connection
 DSL-uses a broadband connection
 Cable-Connects to the Internet via cable TV
 Satellite-uses broadband connection but does not require cable
or phone lines.
 3G and 4G-most commonly used with phones.
 Hardware needed for Internet Connection
 Modem-modulator-demodulator/a device that enables a
computer to transmit data over telephone
 Router-allows you to connect several computers and other
devices to a single Internet Connection.
 Wireless Adapter-device that you can use to access wireless
connection.

 Web Browsers
o A type of software that allows you to find and view websites on the Internet.
 Internet explorer (1995)
 Google Chrome (2008)
 Mozilla Firefox (2002)
 Safari (Macintosh Devices)
 Opera (1994)
 Microsoft Edge (2015)
o Elements of Web Browser (URL)
 Scheme-every url begins with the scheme (http:// or https://)
 Domain Name-prominent part of a web address (www.facebook.com)
 File Path-tells your browsers to load a specific pages.(/profile)
 Parameters-some urls include a string of characters after the path-
beginning with a question mark (?)- called the parameter strings
(?works=sample)
 Anchor-anchors begin with a hashtags and is used to direct your
browser to a specific pages (#timeline)
o Example of URL
 http://www.facebook.com/profile?works=sample#timeline