UNIVERSIDAD AUTONOMA TOMAS FRIAS HIDRAULICA - 1 Y LABORATORIO

FACULTAD DE INGENIERIA CIV 229

CARRERA DE INGENIERIA CIVIL AUX.: UNIV.: LLANOS LOPEZ JAEL

Planteamiento:(3a pregunta - 1er Parcial SEM 1/ 2013)

Una compuerta como en la figura

Datos:

R≔3 m

H ≔ 1.5 m

b≔4 m
kgf
γH2O ≔ 1000 ――
3
m
α ≔ 60 °

Calcular la fuerza resultante que actuara en la compuerta de sector circular

Solucion:

FH ≔ γH2O ⋅ hc ⋅ Aproy

⎛ R ⎞
FH ≔ γH2O ⋅ ⎜H + ―⋅ sin (α))⎟ ⋅ R ⋅ sin (α)) ⋅ b
⎝ 2 ⎠

FV2 ≔ γH2O ⋅ [ (R − R ⋅ cos (α))) ⋅ H ⋅ b ]

⎡ R ⋅ sin (α)) ⋅ R ⋅ cos (α)) α ⋅ R ⎤

2
FV1 ≔ γH2O ⋅ ⎢ (R ⋅ R ⋅ sin (α))) − ――――――― − ―― ⎥ ⋅ b
⎣ 2 2 ⎦

FV ≔ FV1 + FV2
⎡ R ⋅ sin (α)) ⋅ R ⋅ cos (α)) α ⋅ R ⎤
2
( ( )
FV ≔ γH2O ⋅ ⎢ R ⋅ R ⋅ sin α)) − ――――――― − ―― ⎥ ⋅ b + γH2O ⋅ [ (R − R ⋅ cos (α))) ⋅ H ⋅ b ]
⎣ 2 2 ⎦

⎡ R ⋅ sin (α)) ⋅ cos (α)) α ⋅ R ⎤

FV ≔ γH2O ⋅ R ⋅ b ⋅ (R ⋅ sin (α))) − ――――――− ――+ (1 − 1 ⋅ cos (α))) ⋅ H
⎢⎣ 2 2 ⎥⎦

⎡ R ⋅ sin (α)) ⋅ cos (α)) α ⋅ R ⎤

FV ≔ γH2O ⋅ R ⋅ b ⋅ (R ⋅ sin (α))) − ――――――− ――+ H − H ⋅ cos (α))
⎢⎣ 2 2 ⎥⎦

FV = [ 13533.13 ] kgf

⎛ R ⎞
FH ≔ γH2O ⋅ ⎜H + ―⋅ sin (α))⎟ ⋅ R ⋅ sin (α)) ⋅ b
⎝ 2 ⎠
FH = 29088.457 kgf

‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
2 2
F≔ FH + FV

F = [ 32082.456 ] kgf
 UNIVERSIDAD AUTONOMA TOMAS FRIAS HIDRAULICA - 1 Y LABORATORIO
FACULTAD DE INGENIERIA CIV 229
CARRERA DE INGENIERIA CIVIL AUX.: UNIV.: LLANOS LOPEZ JAEL

Planteamiento: (Similar a la 4a pregunta - 1er Parcial SEM 1/ 2013)

Dada una compuerta como en la figura determinar las fuerzas en "x", en "y" y la fuerza resultante en "A", con
un ancho de la compuerta de 2 m
Datos:

b≔4 m

R≔4 m

H≔2 m

kgf
γH2O ≔ 1000 ――
3
m
α ≔ 35 °

Calcular "Fx", "Fy" y "AR"

Solucion:

FH ≔ γH2O ⋅ hc ⋅ A
H
FH ≔ γH2O ⋅ ―⋅ H ⋅ b
2
FH = 8000 kgf
⎛H⎞
θ ≔ asin ⎜―⎟ = 30 °
⎝R⎠
FV ≔ γH2O ⋅ A ⋅ b
⎛ ⎛ R2 1 ⎞⎞
FV ≔ γH2O ⋅ ⎜H ⋅ (R − R ⋅ cos (θ))) − ⎜θ ⋅ ――− ―⋅ R ⋅ cos (θ)) ⋅ R ⋅ sin (θ))⎟⎟ ⋅ b
⎝ ⎝ 2 2 ⎠⎠
FV = 1388.433 kgf
‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
2 2
FR ≔ FH + FV

FR = 8119.59 kgf

Para hallar "A" se realizará ΣMB = 0

A ⋅ (R + R ⋅ sin (α))) − FV ⋅ R ＝ 0

FV ⋅ R
A ≔ ―――――
R + R ⋅ cos (α))
A = 763.231 kgf

Para hallar "Bx", "By" se realizará ΣFX , ΣFY

BX + FH − A ⋅ sen (α)) ＝ 0 BY − FV + A ⋅ cos (α)) ＝ 0

BX ≔ A ⋅ sin (α)) − FH BY ≔ FV − A ⋅ cos (α))

BX = −7562.229 kgf BY = 763.231 kgf

‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
2 2
B≔ BX + BY

B = 7600.646 kgf
 UNIVERSIDAD AUTONOMA TOMAS FRIAS HIDRAULICA - 1 Y LABORATORIO
FACULTAD DE INGENIERIA CIV 229
CARRERA DE INGENIERIA CIVIL AUX.: UNIV.: LLANOS LOPEZ JAEL

Planteamiento: (1a pregunta - 1er Parcial SEM 2/ 2013)

Dado una presa de hormigon

Datos:

h≔8 m
tonf kN N
γHº_T_m3 ≔ 2.3 ―― γHº_N_m3 ≔ γHº_T_m3 ⋅ 9.8 ―― γHº ≔ γHº_N_m3 = 22540 ――
m
3
tonf m
3

H ≔ 58.25 m

B ≔ 30 m

b≔6 m

ΔH ≔ 5 m

L≔1 m
kN
γH2O ≔ 9.8 ――
3
m

Calcular MR, MV

Solucion:

Inicialmente se calcularán las fuerzas hidrostaticas debidas al nivel del agua, aguas arriba y aguas abajo
x B−b
―＝ ―――
FH1 ≔ γH2O ⋅ hc ⋅ A FH2 ≔ γH2O ⋅ hc ⋅ Aproy FV2 ≔ γH2O ⋅ A ⋅ L h H + ΔH
H h B−b B−b
FH1 ≔ γH2O ⋅ ―⋅ L ⋅ H FH2 ≔ γH2O ⋅ ―⋅ L ⋅ h ―――⋅ h ⋅ h x ≔ ―――⋅ h
2 2 H + ΔH H + ΔH
FV2 ≔ γH2O ⋅ ――――― ⋅L
2
FH1 = 16626.006 kN FH2 = 313.6 kN FV2 = 118.994 kN

H h 1 B−b
d1 ≔ ― d2 ≔ ― d3 ≔ ―⋅ ―――⋅ h
3 3 3 H + ΔH
d1 = 19.417 m d2 = 2.667 m d3 = 1.012 m
 UNIVERSIDAD AUTONOMA TOMAS FRIAS HIDRAULICA - 1 Y LABORATORIO
FACULTAD DE INGENIERIA CIV 229
CARRERA DE INGENIERIA CIVIL AUX.: UNIV.: LLANOS LOPEZ JAEL

Considerando el peso de la presa:

(B − b)) ⋅ (H + ΔH))
W1 ≔ γHº ⋅ b ⋅ (H + ΔH)) ⋅ L W2 ≔ γHº ⋅ ――――――⋅ L
2
W1 = 8553.93 kN W2 = 17107.86 kN

b 2
x1 ≔ B − ― x1 = 27 m x2 ≔ ―(B − b)) x2 = 16 m
2 3
Debido al nivel de agua en la presa, se debe considerar las fuerzas de subpresion, que afectan la estabilidad de
la presa
B h+2⋅H
FV3 ≔ γH2O ⋅ A ⋅ L d4 ≔ ―⋅ ―――
3 h+H
1
FV3 ≔ γH2O ⋅ B ⋅ ―(h + H)) ⋅ L d4 = 18.792 m
2
FV3 = 9738.75 kN

Finalmente calculamos el momento resistente y momento de volteo en "B"

MR ≔ FH2 ⋅ d2 + FV2 ⋅ d3 + W2 ⋅ x2 + W1 ⋅ x1

MR = 505638.542 kN ⋅ m

MV ≔ FH1 ⋅ d1 + FV3 ⋅ d4

MV = 505836.621 kN ⋅ m

MR < MV , crítica ‥
 UNIVERSIDAD AUTONOMA TOMAS FRIAS HIDRAULICA - 1 Y LABORATORIO
FACULTAD DE INGENIERIA CIV 229
CARRERA DE INGENIERIA CIVIL AUX.: UNIV.: LLANOS LOPEZ JAEL

Planteamiento: (2a pregunta - 1er Parcial SEM 2/ 2013)

Dado una compuerta deslizante

Datos:

μ ≔ 0.7

L ≔ 1.2 m

W ≔ 2670 N

b ≔ 1.2 m

H≔4 m
kN
γH2O ≔ 9.8 ――
3
m

Calcular "FT"

Solucion:
y 1 L
―＝ ―――― y ≔ ――――
F1 ≔ γH2O ⋅ hc ⋅ Acomp L ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
2 2 ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
2 2
1 + 2.8 1 + 2.8
⎛ 1 L ⎞
F1 ≔ γH2O ⋅ ⎜H + ―⋅ ――――⎟ ⋅ L ⋅ b
2 ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
2 2
⎝ 1 + 2.8 ⎠

F1 = 59.296 kN

2.8
N ≔ F1 + W ⋅ ――――
‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
2 2
1 + 2.8

N = 61.81 kN

FR ≔ μ ⋅ N

FR = 43.267 kN

1
FT ≔ FR + W ⋅ ――――
‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
2 2
1 + 2.8

FT = 44.165 kN
 UNIVERSIDAD AUTONOMA TOMAS FRIAS HIDRAULICA - 1 Y LABORATORIO
FACULTAD DE INGENIERIA CIV 229
CARRERA DE INGENIERIA CIVIL AUX.: UNIV.: LLANOS LOPEZ JAEL

Planteamiento: (3a pregunta - 1er Parcial SEM 2/ 2013)

Una compuerta como en la figura

Datos:
b≔1 m
kN
W ≔ 1 ――
m
D≔1 m
kN
γH2O ≔ 9.8 ――
3
m
α ≔ 40 °

Calcular L

Solucion:

Calculamos la fuerza resultante y la distancia a la que actúa desde la bisagra

FH ≔ γH2O ⋅ hc ⋅ Acompuerta

D ⋅ sin (α))
FH ≔ γH2O ⋅ ―――― ⋅D⋅b
2
FH = 3.15 kN

Ic
d1 ≔ ――― + ycg
ycg ⋅ A
3
b⋅D D ⋅ cos (α))
―― d2 ≔ ―――― d2 = 0.383 m
12 D 2
d1 ≔ ―――+ ―
D 2 L ⋅ cos (α))
―⋅ D ⋅ b d3 ≔ ――――
2 2

D D W1 ≔ W ⋅ D W1 = 1000 N
d1 ≔ ―+ ―
6 2
W2 ≔ W ⋅ L
D
d1 ≔ 2 ―
3
d1 = 0.667 m

Para hallar P se realizará ΣMB = 0

W2* d3 - W1* d2 - F1* d1 = 0
L ⋅ cos (α)) D ⋅ cos (α)) D ⋅ sin (α)) D
W ⋅ L ⋅ ―――― − W ⋅ D ⋅ ―――― − γH2O ⋅ ―――― ⋅D⋅b⋅2 ―
2 2 2 3
2 3
W ⋅ D ⋅ cos (α)) D ⋅ b ⋅ sin (α))
―――――+ γH2O ⋅ ―――――
2 2 3
L ＝ ――――――――――――
(
W ⋅ cos α))
――――
2
‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾ 3
2 D ⋅ b ⋅ sin (α))
W ⋅ D ⋅ cos (α)) + 2 ⋅ γH2O ⋅ ―――――
3
L ≔ ―――――――――――――
W ⋅ cos (α))
L = 2.546 m
 UNIVERSIDAD AUTONOMA TOMAS FRIAS HIDRAULICA - 1 Y LABORATORIO
FACULTAD DE INGENIERIA CIV 229
CARRERA DE INGENIERIA CIVIL AUX.: UNIV.: LLANOS LOPEZ JAEL

Planteamiento:(4a pregunta - 1er Parcial SEM 2/ 2013)

Una compuerta como en la figura

Datos:

R≔2 m

H≔5 m

b≔2 m
kN
γH2O ≔ 9.8 ――
3
m
Calcular P, para poder abrir la compuerta

Solucion:

⎡ π ⋅ R2 ⎤
FH ≔ γH2O ⋅ hc ⋅ Aproy FV1 ≔ γH2O ⋅ ⎢ ――― ⋅b⎥ FV2 ≔ γH2O ⋅ [ R ⋅ H ⋅ b ]
⎣ 4 ⎦
⎛ R⎞
FH ≔ γH2O ⋅ ⎜H + ―⎟ ⋅ R ⋅ b
⎝ 2⎠ FV1 = [ 61.575 ] kN FV2 = [ 196 ] kN
FH = 235.2 kN 4 R R
d2 ≔ R − ―⋅ ― d3 ≔ ―
Ic 3 π 2
ycp ≔ ――― + ycg
ycg ⋅ A
d2 = 1.151 m d3 = 1 m
3
b⋅R
――
12 R 2º Metodo, recordando que la fuerza resultante actua en el
ycp ≔ ――――― +H+― centro del cuarto de circulo:
⎛ R ⎞ 2
⎜⎝H + ―
2 ⎟⎠
⋅R⋅b
Se realizará ΣMB = 0
2
R R P ⋅ R − FV ⋅ R ＝ 0
ycp ≔ ―――― + H + ―
⎛ R⎞ 2
12 ⋅ ⎜H + ―⎟
⎝ 2⎠ P ≔ FV1 + FV2
d1 ≔ ycp − H
P = [ 257.575 ] kN
2
R R
d1 ≔ ―――――+ H + ―− H
12 2
― ⋅ (2 ⋅ H + R))
2
2
R R
d1 ≔ ――――― +―
6 ⋅ (2 ⋅ H + R)) 2
R
d1 ≔ ――――― [ R + 3 ⋅ (2 ⋅ H + R)) ]
(
6 ⋅ 2 ⋅ H + R))
R
d1 ≔ ――――― [4⋅R+6⋅H]
6 ⋅ (2 ⋅ H + R))

R 2⋅R+3⋅H
d1 ≔ ――――― d1 = 1.056 m
3 2⋅H+R
Se realizará ΣMB = 0
P ⋅ R − FH ⋅ d1 − FV1 ⋅ d2 − FV2 ⋅ d3 ＝ 0

FH ⋅ d1 + FV1 ⋅ d2 + FV2 ⋅ d3
P ≔ ――――――――
R
P = [ 257.575 ] kN