Datos

P ≔ 40000 N E ≔ 20 ⋅ 10 10 Pa b ≔ 3 cm h ≔ 6 cm L≔2 m

Determinar

a) ecuación de la flecha

Calculo de reacciones

Ax ≔ 0

Ay ≔ P = ⎛⎝4 ⋅ 10 4 ⎞⎠ N

MA ≔ P ⋅ 2.5 L = ⎛⎝2 ⋅ 10 5 ⎞⎠ N ⋅ m

ecuación

2 3
M ⎛⎝x - at⎞⎠ F ⎛⎝x - af⎞⎠
E ⋅ I ⋅ fx ＝ fo ⋅ E ⋅ I + θo ⋅ x ⋅ E ⋅ I + ∑ ―――― + ∑ ――――
2 6
3
MA ⋅ x 2 Ay ⋅ x 3 P ((x - 2.5 L))
E ⋅ I ⋅ fx ＝ 0 + 0 - ――― + ――― - ―――――
2 6 6
3
2.5 P ⋅ L ⋅ x 2 P ⋅ x3 P ((x - 2.5 L))
E ⋅ I ⋅ fx ＝ -――――+ ――- ―――――
2 6 6
3
2.5 P ⋅ L ⋅ x 2 P ⋅ x3 P ((x - 2.5 L))
fx ＝ -――――+ ――- ―――――
2 EI 6 EI 6 EI

b) flecha máxima
b) flecha máxima

x ＝ 3.5 L fx ＝ fmax

2 3 3
2.5 P ⋅ L ⋅ ((3.5 L)) P ⋅ ((3.5 L)) P ((3.5 L - 2.5 L))
fmax ＝ -――――――+ ――――- ――――――
2 EI 6 EI 6 EI
2 3 3
2.5 P ⋅ L ⋅ ((3.5 L)) P ⋅ ((3.5 L)) P ((3.5 L - 2.5 L))
fmax ＝ -――――――+ ――――- ――――――
2 EI 6 EI 6 EI

P ⋅ L3 P ⋅ L3 P ⋅ L3
fmax ＝ -15.313 ――+ 7.146 ――- 0.167 ――
E⋅I E⋅I E⋅I

P ⋅ L3 P ⋅ L3 P ⋅ L3
fmax ＝ -15.313 ――+ 7.146 ――- 0.167 ――
E⋅I E⋅I E⋅I

P ⋅ L3
fmax ＝ -8.334 ――
E⋅I

c) flecha en el punto c

x ＝ 2.5 L fx ＝ fC

2 3 3
2.5 P ⋅ L ⋅ ((2.5 L)) P ⋅ ((2.5 L)) P ((2.5 L - 2.5 L))
fC ＝ -――――――+ ――――- ――――――
2 EI 6 EI 6 EI
2 3 3
2.5 P ⋅ L ⋅ ((2.5 L)) P ⋅ ((2.5 L)) P ((2.5 L - 2.5 L))
fC ＝ -――――――+ ――――- ――――――
2 EI 6 EI 6 EI

P ⋅ L3 P ⋅ L3 2.5 2 2.5 3
fC ＝ -7.813 ⋅ ――+ 2.604 ⋅ ―― 2.5 ⋅ ―― - ―― = 5.208
E⋅I E⋅I 2 6

P ⋅ L3
fc ＝ -5.209 ――
E⋅I
1
Momento de inercia de un rectángulo I ≔ ― ⋅ b ⋅ h 3 = ⎛⎝5.4 ⋅ 10 -7⎞⎠ m 4
12

P ⋅ L3
fc ≔ -5.209 ―― fc = -15.434 m
E⋅I
Datos Determinar

d ≔ 4 cm ΔLt ＝ ?
kgf
E ≔ 1.5 ⋅ 10 6 ――
cm 2
Solución
π
Área A ≔ ―d 2 = 12.566 cm 2
4

F⋅L
Deformaciones ΔL ＝ ―― 1 kgf = 9.807 N
A⋅E

F1 ≔ 60000 N = 6118.3 kgf

F1 ⋅ L1
L1 ≔ 1.2 m ΔL1 ≔ ――― ΔL1 = ⎛⎝3.895 ⋅ 10 -4⎞⎠ m
A⋅E

F2 ≔ 20000 N = 2039.43 kgf

F2 ⋅ L2
L2 ≔ 1.8 m ΔL2 ≔ -――― ΔL2 = -1.948 ⋅ 10 -4 m
A⋅E
F3 ≔ 5000 N = 509.86 kgf
F3 ⋅ L3
L3 ≔ 2.1 m ΔL3 ≔ -――― ΔL3 = -5.68 ⋅ 10 -5 m
A⋅E

Alargamiento total
 Alargamiento total

ΔLt ≔ ΔL1 + ΔL2 + ΔL3 ΔLt = ⎛⎝1.379 ⋅ 10 -4⎞⎠ m

Solución

a) A, P, f, ω , β

de la grafica Amplitud A ≔ 0.2 m

Periodo P ≔ 4.5 s - 0.5 s P=4 s

1
Frecuencia f≔― f = 0.25 Hz
P
1
Frec natural w≔2 π⋅f w = 1.571 ―
s
Angulo de fase
t≔0 s x ≔ 0.15 m

xt ＝ A ⋅ cos ((wt - β))

0.15 m ＝ 0.2 m ⋅ cos ((w ⋅ 0 - β))

⎛x⎞
β ≔ -acos ⎜―⎟ β = -0.723
⎝A⎠

b) posición,velocidad y aceleración para t ≔ 3.2 s

b) posición,velocidad y aceleración para t ≔ 3.2 s

xt ≔ A ⋅ cos ((w ⋅ t - β)) xt = 0.172 m

m
vt ≔ -A ⋅ w ⋅ sin ((w ⋅ t - β)) vt = 0.16 ―
s
m
at ≔ -A ⋅ w 2 ⋅ cos ((w ⋅ t - β)) at = -0.425 ―
s2

c) la partícula se encentra por tercera vez en -0,10 x ≔ -0.10 m

de la grafica t1 ≔ 5.8 s

con la ecuación xt ＝ A ⋅ cos ((w ⋅ t - β))

-0.10 m ＝ 0.2 m ⋅ cos ((w ⋅ t - β))

⎛x⎞
acos ⎜―⎟ - β
⎝A⎠
t ≔ ―――― t = 1.793 s
w
t1 ≔ t + P = 5.793 s

d) aceleración máxima

amax ＝ -A ⋅ w 2 ⋅ cos ((w ⋅ t - β)) ＝ -A ⋅ w 2

para q se cumpla
acos ((1)) - β
cos ((wt - β)) ＝ 1 t ≔ ―――― t = 0.46 s
w