Aim :- study of main 4 stroke diesel &petrol engine by actually

dismantling it

Diesel & Petrol engine

A 4 stroke engine is an internal combustion engine. It is called a combustion and
exhaust in 4 different strokes.

1. Suction
2. Compression
3. Combustion
4. Exhaust

These are called Four Stroke of engine .

Stroke 1. Suction

The piston is at the top most position in the cylinder i.e. TDC. Inlet valve is open and
exhaust valve is closed.

Stroke 2. Compression.

Both the valves are closed and the piston moves towards TDC and compresses the air
fuel mixture or just air if its a diesel engine). This increases the temperature and

pressure of the air fuel mixture .

Stroke 3. Combustion

When the piston reaches TDC the spark plug ignites the mixture. Here again both the
valves remain 2 full rotations of the crankshaft.

Stroke 4. Exhaust

When the piston reaches BDC the exhaust valve is open and the inlet valve is
closed. The piston moves upwards towards TDC pushing the burnt gases outside
the cylinder via exhaust valve.

in a 4 stroke engine all these processes are completed in 2 full rotations of the
crankshaft.

You’ll be wondering that how are these processes happening on their own. Well
that’s what is taken care by the flywheel. The flywheel is a heavy disc that stores
energy and delivers when needed.

There are 3 strokes that need power. This means the work is done on the system
for these 3 strokes i.e. suction, compression and exhaust. That is why these 3
strokes are idle strokes. The combustion stroke on the other hand gives out
power. This means the work is done by the system. This why we call it the power
stroke.

The energy generated in the power stroke is stored in the flywheel which is used
for the remaining 3 idle strokes.