Literature 1 "The Philippine

Literature"
Literature
> Longings Philosophies way of life
> It is the reflection of the culture who the Filipino are.
> It is the body of written works, originated from oral tradition

The Evolution of Philippine Literatute

⚫ The Literary Period

A. The Pre-Colonial Period

> Existed before the spanish occupation in the 1500's
> It is oral in nature and is full of lesson and ideas about life, its blessings and its
consequences.
> It contains ideas birth to the grave
> The source are usually the local native town folk

FORMS.

1. FOLK SPEECH/ ORAL LITERATURE

⚫ Riddles
⚫ Proverbs

Riddles/ Mga Bugtong

> These are statements that contains superficial words but they function figuratively
and as metaphors and are in the form of questions.
> These are questions that demand deeper answer
EXAMPLES:

Proverbs/ Salawikain
> These are statement that are considered as wise
> These are usually given by parents or elderly of the community
> This is belief that experience is the best teacher
EXAMPLES: 1. "Bahay mo may bato kung nakatira namn ay kwago"
"Aanhin pa ang damo kung nakatira ay kabayo"
2. FOLK SONGS
> This are folkl lyrics that are usually chanted
> These usually contains ideas on aspiration, hopes, everyday life, and expression of
love for loved ones
> It is bounded by the learning of good moral

⚫ UYAYI
⚫ KUNDIMAN
⚫ HARANA
⚫ DUPLO

3. FOLK NARRATIVES/ FOLK TALES " MGA KWENTONG BAYAN "

> These are stories og native Filipino
> These deals with the power of nature personalities their submission to a deity
usually BATHALA and how this deity is responsible for the blessing and calamities

⚫ MYTHS
⚫ LEGENDS
⚫ FABLES
⚫ EPICS

MYTHS
> This tackle the natural to stange occurences of the earth and how things we created
with an aim to give an explanation to things.
Examples: The story of Bathala " Ang Pag- Aaway ng Dagat at Lupa

LEGENDS
> The native understood mysteries around them. These stories usually come with a
good moral lesson that give credit to super natural power, super natural occurences
and other out-of-this-word native imagination.
Examples: "The Legend of Maria Makiling"
" The Legend of Sampaguita"

FABLES
> These stories use animals as characters that represent a particular value or
characteristics.
> About animals that teach moral lesson
Examples: " Ang Kuneho at ang Pagong "
" Si Juan Tamad "
EPICS
> Are very lengthy narrative that are based on oral tradition. These contains
encounters of fighters, sterio typical princes or heroes that save a damsel in distress
Examples: HILAHOD
DARANGEN
BIAG NI LAM-ANG

B. THE SPANISH PERIOD

> The start of Philippine more colorful history took place March 6 1521 when
Ferdinand Magellan docked on the shores Homonhon

FORMS:

1. Religious Literature / Catholicism

⚫ PASYON
⚫ SENAKULO
⚫ KOMEDYA

PASYON > " Jurney and Suffering " the death of jesus christ

Senakulo > the re- enctment of pasyon. Lenten play that depicts the life of Jesus
Christ

Komedya > a play focuses on socio-political and religious essues

2. SECULAR OR NON RELIGIOUS LITERATURE

⚫ AWIT
⚫ KORIDO
⚫ ZARZUELA

Awit > metrical ramance in 20 syllable form

Example: " Ibong Adarna " " Florante at Laura "

Korido > is ametrical tale or a tale that structure of poem

Zarzuela > spanish play that has a combination of song and speech
3. PROPAGANDA LITERATURE
> nationalistic period headed by Ilustrados marked the beggining of awakening of
our sense of nationalism

Jose P. Rizal > Noli Me Tangere

> El Filibusterismo
Emilio Jacinto > Brain of the Katipunan " Katipunan Kartilya "
Pedro Paterno > the greatest turncout of the Philippine History " NINAY in 1885 "
Francisco Baltazar >
Marcelo H. Del Pilar > " Ang Pag-ibig sa Tinubuang Lupa "

Revolutionary Literature
> are expose that sparked revolution and resistance in the hearts of Filipinos

Andres Bonifacio > " Ang Deligado "

" Katungkulang Gagawin ng mga Anak ng Bayan "

Apolinario Mabini> El Desarollo y Caida de la Republica Filipino

" The Rise and Fall of the Philippine Republic

PUBLICATION
⚫ El Heraldo de la Revolution
⚫ La Independencia by Gen. Antonio Luna
⚫ La Republica Filipina by Pedro Paterno
⚫ La Libertad by Clemente Zulueta

THE AMERICAN PERIOD

> The Philippine had a great leap in Education and Culture
>The Literature during the American period was considered as imitative of American
model

FORMS

POETRY> under the American rules still followed the style of the old but had a
content that ranged from free writing to social concern under the Americans

DRAMA> was usually used in the American to degrade the spanish rule to
immoralize the heroism of the men who fought under the Katipunan.

Remake Novels > took up Dr. Jose Rizal's portrayal of social conditions by colonial
repression.
 Writers

Jose Corason de Jesus " Batute "

Zoila Galang " A Child of Sorrow "
Rafael de Casta. " The Molave "
David Copperfield. " Ang Palad ni Pepe "
Lope K. Santos. " Banaag at Sikat "
Carlo Romulo. " I Saw the Fall of the Philippines "
Francisco Icosiano. " Horizons for My Nipa Hut "

INDEPENDENCE DAY
> End of American Period
> " June 12 1898 "

JAPANESE PERIOD / THE REPUBLIC

> The use of the english language was forbidden and the use of the Filipino language
was mandated under the Japanese rule
> For some this was a problem but to most writer it was a blessing in disguise
> Almost all news papers were stopped except for some
> Filipino Literature was given a break during this period. Many role plays, poems,
short stories

FORMS
⚫ Poetry ⚫ News Papers
⚫ Fiction ⚫ Essays
⚫ Drama

Vernacular Poetry
> Manlilikha Mga Piling Tula (1961- 1967 )
⚫ Rogelio Mangahas
⚫ Rio Alma
⚫ Lamberto Antonio
⚫ Pedro Ricarte
⚫ Epifanio San Juan Jr.

Formalism / Nationalistic Poem

⚫ Ricaredo Demetillo
" Barter in Panay "

Socio Political Poem

⚫ Amado Hernandez
" Bayang Malaya " ( 1970 )
⚫ Jose F. Lacaba
" Mga Kagila-gilalas na Pakikipagsapalaran "

Protest Poetry / Prison Poetry

⚫ the death of Benigno Aquino in 1983

ENGLISH FICTION
⚫ N.V.M. Gonzalez > National Artist for Literature ( Sep. 8 1915 - Nov. 28 1999 )
" Children of the Ash-Covered Loam "
" Look Stranger on this Island Now "
⚫ Nick Joaquin
" The Woman Who had Two Navels "

Literature of Circumvention
> novels that depict socio political themes continue to emerge
⚫ Jun Cruz Reyez
" Salitang Kanto "
" Utos ng Hari at iba pang Kwento "

Literary Critism
⚫ Leonardo Casper " The Wonded Diamond "

Informal Essay
⚫ Carmen Nakpil " Woman Enough "
⚫ Sylvia Mayuga

Historical Essay
⚫ Renato Constantino " The Filipino in the Philippines"

Marcos Era
> saw the profilization of newspapers and magazines
⚫ Philippine Grapic
⚫ Asian Week
⚫ Philippine Free Press

21st Century Literature

> numerous form of Literature
⚫ Spoken Poetry
⚫ Wattpad
⚫ Blogs