REPORTED SPEECH

CHANGES IN PRONOUNS

Direct speech Indirect speech

I He/she
We We/they
My His/her
Our Our/they
OTHER CHANGES

Direct speech Indirect speech

This That
These Those
Today That day
Now Then
Tomorrow The following day/the day
after
Yesterday The previos day/the day
before
Tonight That night
BACKSHIFT

Direct speech Indirect speech

Present simple Past simple
Present continuous Past continuous
Present perfect Past perfect
Past simple Past Perfect
Will Would
Can Could
Must Had to
Past perfect Past perfect

1. STATEMENTS

En las oraciones afirmativas y negativas los verbos más usuales son: said, told(seguido de
pronombre), stated, promised, declared…

Direct speech : “I will go swimming this afternoon “, Mary said

Indirect speech : Mary said that she would go swimming that afternoon.

Observa los cambios:

1. Siempre ponemos el Reported verb en pasado + that

2. Mary es femenino reemplazamos I por she
3. Will se cambia por would
4. This cambia a that

YOUR TURN

Change the following sentences into reported speech

1. “My best friend never travels abroad”, John said.
2. “I won’t arrive late tonight”, Sally promised her father
3. “You must study hard”, She told her son
4. “I’m visiting my grandpa this evening”, Sarah said
5. “I am not listening to the news now”,my father said

2. COMMANDS, ORDERS, ADVICES

Este tipo de oraciones van a comenzar con un imperativo afirmativo o negativo :
Be quiet; Don’t touch
Los verbos más usuales son : adviced, warned, ordered…
“Tidy your bedroom!”, my mother ordered me
My mother ordered to tidy my room
“Don’t talk aloud!”, the guard told us
The guard told us not to talk aloud

ACTIVITY
1. “Wash the dishes before leaving!”, the mother told John
2. “Don’t touch the pictures!”, the guard told us.
3. “Please, be quiet!”, the teacher told the students
3. QUESTIONS

Los verbos más comunes son asked, enquired, wanted to know…

La estructura es if/whether/pronombre interrogativo+ oración afirmativa

I wanted to know if.. you came to the party

3.1 yes /no questions

En estas oraciones usamos los nexos if o whether (=si)
Direct speech “Do you usually go to the cinema?”, my friend asked me
Indirect speech My father asked if/whether I usually went to the cinema
3.2 wh- questions
En este tipo de oraciones en lugar de usar if/whether usamos los pronombres
interrogativos que aparezca en la oración.
Direct speech “What time did you arrive yesterday?”, my father asked me.
Indirect speech : My father asked me what time I had arrived the day before.
4. SUGGESTIONS
Para identificar las sugerencias:
Let’s
How about…?
Why don’t we…?
Hay 2 formas de hacerlas:
Direct speech “Let’s visit Laura”, Mike suggested
Indirect speech
Mike suggested visiting Laura
Mike suggested that we visit Laura