RRS RRL

THE ALTERNATIVE OPERATING MECHANISM OF A LOADING BUSINESS IN
RODRIGUEZ RIZAL
A Research Paper
Presented to
Mrs. Marife D. Baliwas, MA. Ed.
Faculty of FEU Roosevelt College, Inc. – Rodriguez Campus
Rodriguez, Rizal
In Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements in Research II For the
Course Thesis Writing
By
Jacinto, Karla Ruth C. Fuentes, Nicole F.
Elaurza, Rhea Mhae B. Tomas, Luis Angelo D.
Molina, Maria Khristina P. Angeles, Nathanael John V.
Dugan, Jannah G. Banaag, Carl Ericson SD
12– ABM B
2019 - 2020
Chapter 2
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE / STUDIES
Reference: Internet
Author/ Writer: Douglas Spoodak, Bala Cynwyd, Peruvemba
Natarajan & Randolph
Title of Material: PORTABLE E-WALLET AND UNIVERSAL CARD
Date Published: March 29, 2012
Place Published: US
Publisher: Patent Application Publication
URL: https://patents.google.com/patent/US9129270B2/en
Related Literature/Related Studies
Spoodak. Cynwyd. Natarajan. Randolph (2012) To reduce the
number of cards carried by a person, a universal card and short
range communication enabled mobile device can be used in place of
all the other cards which the person may want to carry. The
universal card can include a short range communications
transceiver to communicate with a mobile device. The mobile device
can include a user interface and an e-wallet application so that
the user can interface with the e-wallet application for
programming the universal card via the short range communication
link. Once programmed, the universal card emulates a function of

a traditional card, such as emulating the magnetic stripe of the
traditional card, the NFC communication of the traditional card,
the radio transmission of the traditional card, or any other
function.
Reference: Internet
Author/ Writer: Sirapracha, Juthamard, and Gerard Tocquer.
Title of Material: BRANDING AND CUSTOMER EXPERIENCE IN THE
WIRELESS TELECOMMUNICATION INDUSTRY.
Date Published: 2012
Place Published: Thailand
Publisher: International Journal of Trade, Economics and
Finance 3, no. 2
Pages: 103-108
URL: https://s.docworkspace.com/d/ANmIdeu6_5EuwvvwsbmmFA
Sirapracha and Tocquer (2012) investigated the relationship
of brand image, customer experience, and brand loyalty in
Thailand’s wireless telecommunication service industry. The
results showed that the different wireless service players deliver
different customer experiences and images and that customer

experiences influence brand strength including brand image and
customer loyalty.
Reference: Internet
Author/ Writer: Chang, P. K., and H. L. Chong
Title of Material: CUSTOMER SATISFACTION AND LOYALTY ON
SERVICE PROVIDED BY MALAYSIAN TELECOMMUNICATION COMPANIES
Place Published: Malaysia
Publisher: International Conference
Pages: 1-6
Chang and Chong (2011) explored service quality, corporate
image, price, customer satisfaction, and service loyalty of
Malaysian telecommunication companies. The results showed that
service quality, corporate image, and price were the customer
satisfaction predictors. The findings also indicated that price
had the most impact on customer satisfaction. The authors
concluded that, it is an imperative to improve the quality
management of mobile phone services.

Reference: Internet
Author/ Writer: Al-Debei, Mutaz M., and David Avison.
Title of Material: BUSINESS MODEL REQUIREMENTS AND CHALLENGES IN
THE MOBILE TELECOMMUNICATION SECTOR
Place Published: Europe
Publisher: Journal of Organisational Transformation & Social
Change8, no. 2
Pages:215-235
Al-Debei and Avison (2011) asserted that the
telecommunication sector is undergoing critical revolution, and is
driven by innovation, globalization, and deregulation.
Cellular networks and telecommunications brought massive
changes to the way telecommunication companies
are conducted. They further mentioned that there is a need
to enhance the ability of telecommunication operators
in determining what constitutes the most effective business model

to meet the their strategic objectives within the
raging environment.
Reference: Internet
Author/Writer: Enriquez
Title of material: DEVELOPMENT OF SIM CARD APPLICATION
Date published: 2009
Place Published: N/A
URL:https://www.academia.edu/13937536/Development_of_SIM_card_ap
plication
Enriquez (2009) defined the smartcard as Subscriber
identity module application that is generally known as SIM card
or Java Card, up course with the set standards of Java. In other
words, when a smart card is inserted with an application, it is
no longer a smart card but it is called a SIM card. But, in
reality, the SIM is effectively is a mass market smartcard. It
stores data for GSM/CDMA Cellular telephone subscribers. The
data includes user identity, network authorization data,
personal, security keys, contact lists and stored text messages.

Included also in the SIM card is the security encryption to
protect data inside it.
Reference: Internet
Author/Writer: Schach
plication
Schach (2012) SIM cards, with its microprocessor base, are
similar to a mini-computer with its own operating system,
storage and built-in security features. When configured with up-
to-date cryptography, as recommended by 10 concern international
standardization organization, SIM cards provide a level of
security that is state-of-the-art. The SIM card can add, delete
and manipulate information within its memory, on top of sending
and receiving data.
Reference: Internet
Author/Writer: Edsbacker
Place Published :N/A
plication
According to Edsbacker (2010), Blank SIM cards from SIM
manufacturers for application development purposes can be avail.
A blank Java Card 2.x compatible SIM just costs a few money in
bigger quantities. Such SIMs obviously does not have any network
keys on them, but the necessary GSM file structure is already in
place. The application developers can set these keys later to
enable access to network. A normal SIM is configured already
during manufacturing.
Reference: Internet
Author/Writer: Shankar, Venkatesh, Hofacker, and Naik
Title of material: A WEB AND MOBILE BASED LOAD RETAILER
MANAGEMENT AND INVENTORY SYSTEM

URL: http://uc.edu.ph/journals/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/JR-IT-
Paper-3-weload.pdf
Mobile marketing, which involves communication and
promotion of an offer between a firm and its customers using the
mobile, a term that refers to the mobile medium, device,
channel, or technology, is growing in importance in the
retailing environment. It has the potential to change the
paradigm of retailing from one based on consumers entering the
retailing environment to retailers entering the consumer’s
environment through anytime, anywhere mobile devices. (Shankar,
Venkatesh, Hofacker, & Naik, 2010).
Reference: Internet
Author/Writer: Kuan-Yu Lin and His-Peng Lu
Title of material: STUDIES ON THE IMPACT OF SOCIAL NETWORKING
SITES ON ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF COLLEGE STUDENTS

URL:https://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/72639/7/c
hapter%202.pdf
Kuan-Yu Lin and His-Peng Lu (2011) applied network
externalities and motivation theory to understand the usage of
Social Networking Sites among college students. After conducting
an empirical research involving 402 samples, using Structural
Equation Modelling (SEM) Approach, Lin and Lu (2011) found that
“Enjoyment” was the most influential factor for the increasing
usage of Social Networking Sites among the college students.
Reference: Internet
Author/Writer: Venus Zoleta
Title of Material: LOADING BUSINESS GUIDE: HOW TO BECOME A
CELLPHONE LOAD RETAILER IN THE PHILIPPINES
Date Published: June 2019
Publisher: www.moneymax.ph
Pages: N/A
An e-loading business may not be very profitable, but it’s
still a good opportunity to earn extra income on the side. With
almost 130 million mobile prepaid subscribers in 2018, the
Philippines has a huge market for e-loading services—and it will
keep on growing. Customers will keep coming to loading stations to
buy prepaid load for calling, texting, or surfing the internet.
Reference: Internet
Author/Writer: N/A
Title of Material: E-LOADING BUSINESS IN THE PHILIPPINES
Date Published: February 2012
Publisher: Pinoy bisnes.com
Pages: N/A
A e-LoadPh is a one-stop reloading station that can sell
popular prepaid card products (e-load & Aload, prepaid call
cards, prepaid internet cards, online gaming cards, etc.)
without having any sort of physical cards in your possession.
Retailers can sell prepaid airtime credits via mobile phone or

PCs with internet connection. Dealers can register retailer as
many retailers as he can maintain.
Reference: Internet
Author/Writer: N/A
Title of Material: HOW TO START YOUR OWN E-LOADING BUSINESS IN
THE PHILIPPINES
Publisher: www.pesocademy.com
Pages: N/A
Loading Business is a very lucrative business to have in the
Philippines and perfectly complements other businesses . You also
have the option of not only selling regular load for popular
networks such as Globe or Smart but you can also offer load or
gaming credits for popular games. This makes your target market
bigger and gives you more chances of fast investment return and
higher profit just by starting an e-loading business. One of the
advantages of an e-loading business in the Philippines is it only

requires low investment and you do not need a huge space to start
your operation.
Reference: Internet
Author/Writer: Wikipedia
Title of Material: ELECTRONIC RELOADING
Date Published: November 2018
Publisher: https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronic_reloading
Pages: N/A
The technology of electronic reloading was first introduced
in the Philippines by Smart Communications branding the service as
SmartLoad and considered to be the world's first electronic
reloading service. The service offered micro top-ups meaning
prepaid subscribers can top-up prepaid credits with small
denominations. This kind of reloading service triggers the
popularity of using cellular phones in the Philippines. Followed
by the rival company, Globe Telecom, who introduced a better
version of the said top up method service through their proprietary
called AutoloadMax or simply AMax. Retailers and prepaid phone

subscribers both benefit from electronic reloading service.
Electronic reloading does not require transfer of any actual
physical prepaid cards. There is no need to incur costs on
transportation, warehousing, or other incidental expenses that
would cut into the retailer's profits because all transactions are
done electronically.
Reference: Internet
Author/ Writer: Camille Elemia
Title of Material: SENATE BILL SEEKS TO BAN EXPIRATION OF
PREPAID, E-LOAD
Date Published: August 20,2016
Place Published: Philippines
Publisher: www.rappler.com
URL: https://www.rappler.com/nation/143521-senate-bill-ban-
expiration-prepaid-load
Senate Minority Leader Ralph Recto filed Senate Bill 848 or
the “Prepaid Load Protection Act of 2016,” which aims to ensure
that every peso spent for prepaid load is “saved and usable” until
fully consumed. The measure seeks to protect consumers against

“deceptive, unfair, and unconscionable sales act and practices,”
Recto said. Aside from prohibiting the imposition of expiration
period, the bill also bans the forfeiture of load credits stored
on an active prepaid phone account both via prepaid cards or
electronic load (e-load).The measure also mandates companies to
refund any subscriber who lost load credits without a valid cause
.Under the proposed bill, violators will face penalty of at least
P100,000 to P1 million or imprisonment for 2 to 6 years, depending
on the court’s decision. If the violation is done to benefit a
business person, the company’s license may be revoked. Recto and
former Senator Miriam Defensor Santiago filed similar versions of
the bill in 2014 and 2009, respectively. In both cases, the bill
only reached first reading.
Reference: Internet
Author/Writer: Jayme Joseph P. , Zoilo Lialen , Gutierrez
Emerald Joyce C. , Geraldino Jemarie C. , Bongo John Anthony F.
, Durano Dennis
Title Of Material: THE MOST TRUSTED AND MOST USED FREE LOAD
SERVICE PROVIDER IN THE PHILIPPINE

Publisher: N/A
URL:https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=http://
uc.edu.ph/journals/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/JR-IT-Paper-3-
weload.pdf
Load.com.ph, the trusted and most widely used free prepaid
load service provider in the Philippines accessible through mobile
phones and the Internet lets one earn good money in the e-load and
e-pin loading business. One does not need to apply as a reseller
nor do that over a dozen times to different companies. The only
thing you need is one Load.com.ph account that is completely free
to sign up, and completely free to use, top up the capital, enjoy
added bonus credits and discounts for products for more sales
earnings, and start selling over 50 different prepaid and e-pin
products! Creating an account takes only a minute, and one can
even start selling Load.com.phs products within the day he/she
created his account.
Reference: Internet
, Durano Dennis
Title Of Material: THE LEADING TELECOMMUNICATION COMPANY IN THE
PHILIPPINES
Date Published: 201
Publisher: N/A
weload.pdf
Globe Telecom is one of the leading telecommunications
companies in the Philippines. The vision of Globe Telecom
Philippines is to transform and enrich the lives of their customers
by simplifying communication technology.The popular mobile service
provider is committed to putting its customers first and upholding
its high standards of corporate governance. In line with this,
subscribers have the ability to recharge Globe Telecom Philippines
mobiles online by purchasing prepaid top-ups Being able to recharge
Globe Telecom Philippines mobiles from abroad, is a service that
offers a fast simple and reliable means of topping up when regular
top-up is not an option Globe Telecom Philippines was recognized
in Finance Asias eleventh Annual Poll of Asia’s Top Companies for
its outstanding business practices and named as one of the best

managed companies in the Philippines by the leading financial
publication. The company has also been praised for embracing
services which are of value to its customers such as, enabling
them to recharge Globe Telecom Philippines phones instantly
online.
Reference: Internet
, Durano Dennis
Title Of Material: THE POPULATION OF PEOPLE WHO USES CELLPHONES
Publisher: N/A
weload.pdf
According to Blana and Batino(2004), in the article written
by Nagasaka(2007), there are an estimated twenty-eight million
plus subscribers in the Philippines, whose population is

approximately eighty-four million. However, given that the
Philippines is a developing country with a GNP per capital of
US$ 1,020 and 40.6 percent of the population is under the
poverty line in 1997, the rate is astonishing. Although the
mobile phones companies initially targeted the upper and middle
classes, presently one can easily observe the people sending
short messaging service (SMS) text messages everywhere in the
Philippines. Not only businessmen but teachers, taxi, jeepney
drivers, and vendors in the public markets also use their mobile
phones regularly. In this sense, the remark that mobile phones
have become a major icon of the Philippine Life is convincing
(Pertierra, 2002). Even in poorer rural areas, it is not usual
to observe people using mobile phones. Although mobile phones
were initially perceived in local communities, by the end of
2003, they are become common among ordinary villagers.
Reference: Internet
, Durano Denni
Title Of Material: MOBILE MARKETING
Date Published: 201

Publisher: N/A
weload.pdf
Mobile marketing, which involves communication and promotion
of an offer between a firm and its customers using the mobile, a
term that refers to the mobile medium, device, channel, or
technology, is growing in importance in the retailing environment.
It has the potential to change the paradigm of retailing from one
based on consumers entering the retailing environment to retailers
entering the consumer’s environment through anytime, anywhere
mobile devices. (Shankar, Venkatesh, Hofacker, & Naik, 2010).
Reference: Internet
Author/Writer: Christine Cruz, Doug Collins, Eng, Dougie, etc.
Title of Material: Start Your Own Mobile Phone Loading Business
Date Published: N/A

Publisher:https://visihow.com/Start_Your_Own_Mobile_Phone_Loadin
g_Business
Pages: N/A
In this article, we are going to talk about mobile phone
loading. There are countries where Telephone Companies allow
dealers and retailers to offer credits. You don't necessarily
have to own credit cards or have a job to acquire registered
phone numbers. Thus, in some places, mobile phone loading is
guaranteed to earn you money. Most people these days own a
cellphone, even the kids have them. This means having a
cellphone requires that you load it with credits. That also
means money. You convert your cash to load, and you can use that
load to send text messages and call. This equates to you earning
lots of money.
Reference: Internet
Author/Writer: Danilo N. Napalinga
Title of Material: A STUDY ON RETAILING MOBILE PHONE CREDITS BY
ELECTRONIC LOADING AND ITS TAX IMPLICATIONS
Date Published: October 2006

Publisher: www.scribd.com
Pages:N/A
To become an e-load retailer, one only needs a mobile phone
unit, a retailer SIM card, and an accomplished application form
which requires the disclosure of basic information such as name
and address of the applicant. This oversimplification of
requirements and the reported high revenues from eload retailing
has created a new class of entrepreneurs that include sari-sari
stores, housewives, students, and other roving agents.
Reference: Internet
Author/Writer: N/A
Title of Material: WeLoad: A Web and Mobile Based Retailers
Management and Inventory System
Date Published: May 2016
Publisher: Web results 22. weload: a web and mobile-based load
retailers management and ...PDFuc.edu.ph › uploads › 2016/05 ›
J...
Pages: N/A
WeLoad, is a web and mobile based load retailer management
and inventory system. It is a type of an electronic reloading
system where the e load client can purchase an e-load of the
different networks through online. The proposed system offers
convenient way of loading their mobile number without spending for
transportation costs, since in traditional reloading, when the e-
load client running out of load; they will go back to the e-load
retailer/distributors in order to purchase eload.
Reference: Internet
Author/Writer: Nagasaku Itaru
Title of Material: In The social construction and usage of
communication technologies: Asian and European experiences
Place Published: Quezon City
Publisher: The University of the Philippines Press.
Pages: N/A
According to Blana and Batino (2004), in the article written
by Nagasaka (2007), there are an estimated twenty-eight million
plus subscribers in the Philippines, whose population is
approximately eighty-four million. However, given that the
Philippines is a developing country with a GNP per capital of US$
1,020 and 40.6 percent of the population is under the poverty line
in 1997, the rate is astonishing. Although the mobile phones
companies initially targeted the upper and middle classes,
presently one can easily observe the people sending short messaging
service (SMS) text messages everywhere in the Philippines. Not
only businessmen but teachers, taxi, jeepney drivers, and vendors
in the public markets also use their mobile phones regularly.
Reference: Internet
Author/Writer: Jinimol P.
Title of Material: A Study on E-Wallet
Date Published: May-June 2018
Publisher: International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research
and Development - IJTSRD

Pages: N/A
According to Venkatesh et. al explored the variables
affecting consumer integration of new information technology
innovations. They collectively formed a model called the unified
theory of acceptance of technology and suggested that individual
reactions to using information technology directly affect
intention to use information technology that in turn influences
the actual use of information technology.
Reference: Internet
Author/Writer: Jon Agar
Title of Material: Constant touch: A Global History of the Mobile
Phone.
Place Published: Cambridge, UK
Publisher: Icon Books
Pages: N/A
Agar’s book discusses the inception of mobile phones and the
social consequences of mobile phone use worldwide. Documents how
political relations affect mobile phone use and culture in
different countries. Includes discussions about mobile cultures in
the United States, Nordic countries, European countries, and Asian
countries. Provides several possible directions for future
research
Reference: Internet
Author/Writer: Geoff Williams
Title of Material: What Is a Digital Wallet?
Date Published: May 21,2019
Place Published: USA
Publisher: money.usnews.com
Link: https://money.usnews.com/money/personal-finance/saving-and-
budgeting/articles/what-is-a-digital-wallet
If you want to simplify how you make payments – and you don't
want to carry cash and credit cards – you may want to consider
using a digital wallet, also known as an electronic wallet or e-
wallet. A digital wallet is a payment system that protects users'
banking information and passwords, and allows consumers to make
safe transactions without using cash. While a thief could grab
your wallet and get access to your credit cards in seconds, digital
wallets feature encrypted credit card and banking information to
safeguard them from hackers. What's more, if somebody steals your
phone, a passcode or biometric authentication would still be needed
to get access to the information in a digital wallet.
Reference: Internet
Author/Writer: Koh Su Yen, Tang Wei Jet, Vincent Lye Ming Han,
Bryan Wong Weng Kit
Title of Material: E-wallet: A comprehensive overview
Date Published: March 17,2019
Place Published: Malaysia
Publisher: Fly: Malaysia

Link: https://money.usnews.com/money/personal-finance/saving-and-
budgeting/articles/what-is-a-digital-wallet
With an e-wallet, all you need is just an internet
connection and a few clicks here and there on your smartphone to
achieve the same goal mentioned above. Users add and reload
money in their e-wallets through online transfer from their bank
accounts and voila you have “cash” in your e-wallet!! You will
then proceed to pay by scanning the Customer QR codes without
the hassle of searching the right change and amount to pay for
both the customer and the cashier.
Transactions can happen anytime and anywhere, ranging from the
indoors such as shopping malls, cafes and outdoors in places
such as at a marathon. Anywhere with an active internet
connection and the vendor has a QR code prepared.
Reference: Internet
Author/Writer: Enkatesh Shankar, Manjit S. Yadav
Title of Material: Innovations in Retail Business Models
Date Published: July 2011
Place Published: New York City

Publisher: Elsevier Inc.
Link:https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0022
435911000340
A retail business model articulates how a retailer creates value
for its customers and appropriates value from the markets.
Innovations in business models are increasingly critical for
building sustainable advantage in a marketplace defined by
unrelenting change, escalating customer expectations, and
intense competition. Drawing from extant strategy and retailing
research, we propose that innovations in retail business models
are best viewed as changes in three design components: (1) the
way in which the activities are organized, (2) the type of
activities that are executed, and (3) the level of participation
of the actors engaged in performing those activities. We propose
six major ways in which retailers could innovate their business
models to enhance value creation and appropriation beyond the
levels afforded by traditional approaches to retailing. We also
describe the drivers of business model innovations, the
potential consequences of such innovations, and numerous
examples from retail practice that highlight our concepts and
arguments. In doing so, we provide a starting point for academic
research in a domain that is deficient in theoretical and

empirical research, and offer retailing managers a framework to
guide retail business model innovations for sustainable
competitive advantage.
Reference: Internet
Author/Writer: Stephen R Hoffman, Suzanne C Cutino
Title of Material: Smart card load and purchase transactions
using wireless telecommunications network
Date Published:2000
Place Published: US
Publisher: Google Patents
Link: https://patents.google.com/patent/US8019684B2/en
A smart card transaction allows a consumer to load value onto
a smart card and to make purchases using a smart card with a mobile
telephone handset over the telecommunications network. For
loading, the system includes: a mobile telephone handset including
a card reader; a gateway computer; a funds issuer computer; and an
authentication computer. The mobile telephone handset receives a
request from a user to load a value onto the smart card. The
handset generates a funds request message which includes the value
and sends the funds request message to a funds issuer computer.
The funds issuer computer debits an account associated with the
user. Next, the handset generates a load request message with a
cryptographic signature and sends the load request message to an
authentication computer which authenticates the smart card. The
handset receives a response message which includes a cryptographic
signature and an approval to load. Finally, the handset validates
the second cryptographic signature and loads the value onto the
smart card. For payment, the system includes a merchant server and
a payment server. First, the handset sends an order request message
to the merchant server computer, and in return receives a purchase
instruction message. The handset processes the purchase
instruction message locally, and then sends a draw request message
to a payment server computer. The payment server computer sends a
debit message which includes a cryptographic signature and an
approval to debit the smart card. Finally, the handset validates
the cryptographic signature and debits the smart card.
Reference: Internet
Author/ Writer: Ballesteros, Wencelle

Title of Material: A COMPARATIVE STUDY ON THE LEVEL OF CUSTOMER
SATISFACTION OF GLOBE TELECOM, SMART COMMUNICATIONS, AND SUN
CELLULAR SUBSCRIBERS IN METRO MANILA.
Date Published: May 2016
Place Published: Metro Manila
Publisher: N/A
Pages: 1-86
This study is an initial attempt to investigate the
relationship between customer satisfaction and factors that are
likely to affect the perceived quality of the network's service,
namely: (i) price, (ii) quality, (iii) stability and (iv) overall
satisfaction. The researchers conducted a survey to a total of 300
Globe Telecom, Smart Communication, and Sun Cellular postpaid and
prepaid customers. The researchers surveyed 50 respondents for
postpaid and another 50 respondents for prepaid users of each
company. The Findings states that there are significant
differences on the level of satisfaction between Globe, Smart, and
Sun prepaid and postpaid subscribers.
Reference: Internet
Author/ Writer: Magdalena G. Alvarez, Jonabell G. Saldivar
Title of Material: CUSTOMER SATISFACTION ON THE SERVICES OF
TELECOMMUNICATION COMPANIES
Date Published: March 6, 2015
Place Published: Santiago City, Philippines
Publisher: Journal of Technology, Business Education &
Interdisciplinary Studies
Pages: N/A
URL:file:///C:/Users/Rhea/Desktop/Will%20use/CUSTOMER_SATISFACTI
ON_ON_THE_SERVICES_OF.pdf
The Comparative Research design was used in this study to
determine the different strategies in terms of rendering a
service to their customers and the general state of customer
satisfaction on the services of telecommunication companies in
Santiago City. The respondents of this study were the mobile
subscribers of the 6 telecommunication providers in Santiago
city: Globe, Smart, Sun Cellular, Talk-and-Text and Touch
Mobile. Fifty (50) respondents were chosen at random during the
site visit to each of the 5 companies. Research findings
revealed that the respondents are generally satisfied on the

services of the telecommunication companies operating in
Santiago City. In particular, the respondents were satisfied on
the network coverage, promotional activities, internet services,
text and call services, and customer service. On the other hand,
a no significant difference was concluded on the services of the
telecommunication companies in the city.
Reference: Internet
Author/ Writer: Antonieta P. Tungcab & Jean Paolo G. Lacap
Title of Material: STRATEGIC BUSINESS MODEL FOR
TELECOMMUNICATION COMPANIES IN THE PHILIPPINES
Date Published: September 2014
Place Published: Angeles City, Philippines
Publisher: European Academic Research
Pages: 5
The study was conducted to perform an environmental scanning
analysis for the telecommunications industry in the Philippines.
The research concludes that the telecommunication industry in the
Philippines is generally competitive as evident in the result of

the Porter’s Five Forces Model. The internal and external factors
affecting the said industry showed that there are several important
issues that the each industry player must address. To achieve
sustainability, each telecommunication company should consider the
different strategies presented in the TOWS matrix as they address
the various telecommunication companies weaknesses and threats.
In order for the telecommunications industry to achieve
sustainable competitive advantage, a strategic business model was
formulated. In the framework, the following were considered 1)
telecommunications infrastructure, 2)the telecommunication
companies, and 3) value-added services. The identified factors
are important considerations in formulating corporate-level,
business-level, and functional-level strategies.
Reference: Internet
Author/Writer: Peluchefte and Karl
Title of material: STUDIES ON THE USAGE OF SOCIAL NETWORKING
SITES AMONG COLLEGE STUDENTS
hapter%202.pdf
Peluchefte and Karl (2008) explore the survey of Midwestern
University undergraduate students regarding use of social
networking sites and their perceptions regarding the
appropriateness of information they post, as well as how such
information is accessed and used by other parties. The study
(2008) found that 80% respondents have used at least one site in
which majority of respondents use Facebook. They describe that
respondents were generally in strong agreement that they were
comfortable with their friends, classmates, and family access to
their profiles but were neutral regarding access by employers
and strangers.
Reference: Internet
Author/Writer: Coyle and Vaughn
Title of material: STUDIES ON THE USAGE OF SOCIAL NETWORKING
SITES AMONG COLLEGE STUDENTS
hapter%202.pdf
Coyle and Vaughn (2008) in their study examined the literature
on Social Networking Sites and conducted a survey on how college
students are engaged in social networking. They found that the
main purpose of using Social Networking Sites is to keep in
touch with friends. They also indicate that these are used for
merely trivial communication with friends. These sites are
simply new form of communication that is evolving over time with
the aid of technology.
Reference: Internet
Author/Writer: Bicen and Cavus
Date publish: 2010
hapter%202.pdf
Bicen and Cavus (2010) evaluated the usage of Social
Networking Sites among students in the department of computer

education instructional technology and found which social
networking sites are the most preferred by students. The study
revealed that use and sharing of knowledge on Internet is made
an integral part of college students’ lives. Results show that
Live Spaces and Facebook are the commonly used sites by the
students.
Reference: Internet
Author/Writer: Lack, Beck and Hoover
hapter%202.pdf
Lack, Beck and Hoover (2009) investigated the usage of
Social Networking Sites by undergraduate psychology major. They
found that majority of students using Facebook and their account
information have publicly accessibility and some user profiles
have content of a questionable nature on their publicly viewable

accounts. They suggest that formal education must be presided to
students regarding the usage of these sites.
Reference: Internet
Author/Writer: Danilo N. Napalinga
Title of Material: A STUDY ON RETAILING MOBILE PHONE CREDITS BY
ELECTRONIC-LOADING AND ITS IMPLICATIONS
Date Published: October 2006
Publisher: www.scribd.com
Pages:
This study examines the retailing of mobile phone credits through
electronic reloading, or e-loading and its tax implications. In
general, the study can serve as a benchmark of the tax collection
situation in the Philippine telecommunications industry and can
pave a road map for the Bureau of Internal Revenue on how to tax
other business transactions that use emerging technology
applications.
Reference: Internet
Author/Writer: Rechiely Saban
Title of Material: THE VIABILITY OF SMART PREPAID ELOAD IN TORIL
PUBLIC MARKET, DAVAO CITY
Date Published: March 2013
Place Published: Davao City
Publisher: www.prezi.com
Pages:10
According to the Global Pinoy Remittance & Services,Inc.
(GPRS) entitled e-load (Pasaload) Retailing- A Low Entry Barrier
Business-. The reported high revenue from e- load retailing has
created a new class of entrepreneurs that include sari-sari stores,
housewives, students, and other roving agents.
Reference: Internet
Author/Writer: Meng Hui
Title of material: THE RESEARCH ON DEVELOPMENT TREND OF
TELECOMMUNICATIONS INDUSTRY
Date published: September 2012

Place Published: China
URL:https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S221266781
200247X
This paper analyzes the telecommunications industry has the
characteristics of natural monopoly, economies of scale and the
difficulty of monitoring, then the combination of economic and
technology trends analysis showed that the telecom industry's
future development will be the body the following aspects:
technical progress speed to promote the transfer of value,
industrial integration to promote business competition, and user
involvement to drive the experience economy and depth involved in
the process of national information. The rapid development of the
telecommunications industry and market competition to the
telecommunications and enterprise development has brought great
challenges, only to grasp the future development trend of
enterprises in order to eventually become a market winner. Through
the innovation of products and services to meet the diverse needs
of customers change, develop the right competitive strategy is a
major task of telecommunication

Reference: Internet
Author/Writer: Jinimol. P
Title of Material: A Study on E-WALLET
Date Published: May,2018
Place Published: Department of Commerce, Sree Narayana College,
Alathur, Palakkad, Kerala, India
Publisher: International Journal of trend in Scientific Research
and development
Link: https://www.academia.edu/36976040/A_Study_on_E-Wallet
Related Literature/Related Studies0
E-wallet is a component of payment system. The word “payment
system” is defined as a system that enables payment to be effected
between a payer and a beneficiary, involving clearing, payment, or
settlement services or all of them. A “payment system” as
understood in India, can include the system enabling credit card
operation, debit card operation, smart card operation, money
transfer operations or such similar operation.
In India, e-wallet comes under the legally recognized term –
“Prepaid Payment Instrument”. Prepaid payment instruments are
defined in the RBI guidelines issued under the payment and
settlement system act 2005. As payment instrument that facilitate

purchase of goods and services, including fund transfer, against
the value stored on such instrument. The value stored on such
instrument represents the value paid for by holders, by cash, by
debit or a bank account or by credit card.
Reference: Internet
Author/Writer: Dr. Jasmin Padiya, Prof. Ashok Bantwa
Title of Material: Adoption of E-wallets: A Post Demonetisation
Study in Ahmedabad City
Date Published: April 10,2018
Place Published: Ahmedabad City. India
Publisher: Pacific Business Review International
Link: https: http://www.pbr.co.in/2018/april10.aspx
Think of a wallet in your pocket. You keep money in it and
whenever you need to buy something or pay for a service you
received form someone else, you pull out wallet, take out money
and make payment. When you run out of money in your wallet, you
refill your wallet. E-wallet is your physical wallet completely
turned in electronic form. There will be a wallet where you will
be able to keep cash and you can pay for goods and services. That
is precisely what an E-wallet is. So E-wallet is your wallet that
has lost the physical form and taken electronic form.
In present world, smartphone has become essential part of daily
life. Along with smartphone production, a number of services have
been generated to utilize the possible functions of smartphones.
Smartphones are used as communication devices, as socialized tool,
entertainment tool, internet access tool, and even payment tool.
Due to technology, mobile users can nowadays use their smartphones
to make money transaction or payment by using applications
installed in the phone. Besides payment, people can also store
receipts, coupons, business cards, bills in their smartphones.
When smartphones can function as leather wallets, it is called
“Digital Wallet” or widely known as “Mobile Wallet”. (Rathore,
2016). Electronic-Wallet allows users to make electronic commerce
transactions quickly and securely. (Upadhayaya, 2012).

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THE ALTERNATIVE OPERATING MECHANISM OF A LOADING BUSINESS IN

Mrs. Marife D. Baliwas, MA. Ed.

Faculty of FEU Roosevelt College, Inc. – Rodriguez Campus

In Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements in Research II For the

Course Thesis Writing

Jacinto, Karla Ruth C. Fuentes, Nicole F.

Elaurza, Rhea Mhae B. Tomas, Luis Angelo D.

Molina, Maria Khristina P. Angeles, Nathanael John V.

Dugan, Jannah G. Banaag, Carl Ericson SD

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE / STUDIES

Author/ Writer: Douglas Spoodak, Bala Cynwyd, Peruvemba

Natarajan & Randolph

Title of Material: PORTABLE E-WALLET AND UNIVERSAL CARD

Date Published: March 29, 2012

Publisher: Patent Application Publication

Related Literature/Related Studies

Spoodak. Cynwyd. Natarajan. Randolph (2012) To reduce the

number of cards carried by a person, a universal card and short

range communication enabled mobile device can be used in place of

universal card can include a short range communications

transceiver to communicate with a mobile device. The mobile device

can include a user interface and an e-wallet application so that

the user can interface with the e-wallet application for

programming the universal card via the short range communication

link. Once programmed, the universal card emulates a function of

traditional card, the NFC communication of the traditional card,

the radio transmission of the traditional card, or any other

Author/ Writer: Sirapracha, Juthamard, and Gerard Tocquer.

Title of Material: BRANDING AND CUSTOMER EXPERIENCE IN THE

WIRELESS TELECOMMUNICATION INDUSTRY.

Date Published: 2012

Place Published: Thailand

Publisher: International Journal of Trade, Economics and

Related Literature/Related Studies

Sirapracha and Tocquer (2012) investigated the relationship

of brand image, customer experience, and brand loyalty in

Thailand’s wireless telecommunication service industry. The

results showed that the different wireless service players deliver

different customer experiences and images and that customer

Author/ Writer: Chang, P. K., and H. L. Chong

Title of Material: CUSTOMER SATISFACTION AND LOYALTY ON

SERVICE PROVIDED BY MALAYSIAN TELECOMMUNICATION COMPANIES

Date Published: 2011

Place Published: Malaysia

Publisher: International Conference

Related Literature/Related Studies

Chang and Chong (2011) explored service quality, corporate

image, price, customer satisfaction, and service loyalty of

Malaysian telecommunication companies. The results showed that

service quality, corporate image, and price were the customer

satisfaction predictors. The findings also indicated that price

had the most impact on customer satisfaction. The authors

concluded that, it is an imperative to improve the quality

management of mobile phone services.

Author/ Writer: Al-Debei, Mutaz M., and David Avison.

Title of Material: BUSINESS MODEL REQUIREMENTS AND CHALLENGES IN

THE MOBILE TELECOMMUNICATION SECTOR

Date Published: 2011

Place Published: Europe

Publisher: Journal of Organisational Transformation & Social

Related Literature/Related Studies

Al-Debei and Avison (2011) asserted that the

telecommunication sector is undergoing critical revolution, and is