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Law Enforcement Administration Notes PDF
Law Enforcement Administration Notes PDF
1. The basic mission for which the police exist is to prevent crime and disorder.
2. The ability of the police to perform their duties is dependent upon public approval of
police actions.
3. Police must secure the willing cooperation of the public in voluntary observance of the
law to be able to secure and maintain the respect of the public.
4. The degree of cooperation of the public that can be secured diminishes proportionally
to the necessity of the use of force.
5. Police seek and preserve public favor not by catering to public opinion but by
constantly demonstrating absolute impartial service to the law.
6. Police use physical force to the extent necessary to secure observance of the law or to
restore order only when the expertise of persuasion, advice and warning is found to
be insufficient.
7. Police at all time should maintain a relationship with the public that gives reality to
the historic tradition; the police are the public and the public are the police. The police
being only full time individuals charged with the duties that are incumbent on all of the
citizens.
8. Police should always direct their actions strictly towards their functions and never
appear to usurp the powers of the judiciary.
9. The test of police efficiency is the absence of crime and disorder not the visible
evidence of police action in dealing with it.
Police - one of the pillars of the criminal justice system that has the specific
responsibility of maintaining law and order and combating crime within the society.
- comes from Latin "politia"-civil administration which itself derives from
the ancient Greek police "city"
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Administration - an organizational process concerned with the implementation of
objectives and plans and internal operating efficiency.
Objectives - refer to the purpose by which the organization was created. Refer to the
goals of the organization.
Supervision - means the act of watching over the work or tasks of the members of the
organization to ensure that desired results are achieved.
Management - the process of directing and facilitating the work of people organized in
formal groups in order to achieve objectives. Judicious or wise use of resources
(manpower, material,money,equipment,
supplies and time).
Authority - the right to command and control the behavior of employees in lower
positions within an organizational hierarchy. Must be viewed in terms of prescribed roles
rather than of individuals.
A particular position within the organization. Carries the same regardless of who
occupies that position.
Management/Administrative Functions
1. Planning
2. Organizing
3. Directing
4. Controlling
5. staffing
6. Reporting
7. Budgeting
* Division of work - work specialization can increase efficiency with the same amount of
effort.
* Authority and Responsibility- authority includes the right to command and the power
to require
obedience. One can not have authority without responsibility.
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process depends upon the quality of its leaders.
* Unity of Command - subordinate should receive orders from one superior only.
* Scalar Chain - the hierarchy of authority is the order of ranks from the highest to the
lowest levels of the
organization. Shows the vertical hierarchy of the organization which defines an
unbroken chain of
units from top to bottom describing explicitly the flow of authority.
1. Functional Units
Bureau - the largest organic functional unit within a large department; comprised of
several divisions.
Unit - functional group within a section or the smallest functional group within an
organization.
2. Territorial Units
Route - a length of streets designated for patrol purpose, also called line beat.
District - a geographical subdivision of a city for patrol purposes, usually with its
own station.
POLICE – French word which was later adopted by the English language
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2. CONTINENTAL THEORY
- policemen are regarded as state or servants of the higher authorities
- the people have no share or have little participation with the duties nor connection
with the police
organization.
1. OLD CONCEPT
- police service gives the impression of being merely a suppressive machinery
- this philosophy advocates that the measurement of police competence is the
increasing number of arrests, throwing offenders in detention facilities rather than
trying to prevent them from committing crimes
2. MODERN CONCEPT
- regards police as the first line of defense of the criminal justice system, an organ of
crime prevention
- police efficiency is measured by the decreasing number of crimes
- broadens police activities to cater to social services and has for its mission the
welfare of the individual
as well as that of the community in general.
1. KIN POLICING
- the family of the offended individual was expected to assume responsibility for
justice
- the family of the victim was allowed to exact vengeance
2. EGYPT
- ancient rulers had elite unit to protect them
- created the MEDJAYS, a form of police force whose duties include guarding of the
tombs and apprehending thieves
- introduced the use of dogs as guards and protectors.
3. ROME
- created the first organized police force called VIGILES OF ROME, or VIGILES
URBANI (watchmen of the
city), which had the primary task of firefighting and policing
- the Vigiles acted as night watch, apprehending thieves, keeping an eye out for
burglars and hunting
down runaway slaves, and were on occasion used to maintain order in the streets
- the Vigiles dealt primarily with petty crimes and looked for disturbances of the
peace while they
patrolled the streets
- created a special unit called PRAETORIAN GUARDS, a special force of guards used
by Roman Emperors as the Emperors' personal guards
- as personal guards of the Emperor, their primary duty was to protect the Emperor
from assassination and other forms of attack against the Emperor.
4. ENGLAND
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- the primary task of the things was to protect their village from thieves and
animals
- tythings were later organized into SHIRES
- a shire was headed by a leader called SHIRE REEVE, which is the origin of the word
“sheriff”
- their duty was to apprehend offenders
b) PARISH CONSTABLES
- a parish official charged with controlling crimes
- appointed to serve for one year
- duties included organizing watchmen to guard the
gates
- during trouble, the watchman would raise a “HUE AND
CRY”, a call to arms where the rest of the parish
would stop what they were doing and come to the aid
of the constable.
1) ENGLAND
AUGUST VOLLMER - recognized as the Father of Modern Law Enforcement for his
contributions in the development of the field of criminal justice in the US
- author of the book, Police Administration, which served as the basic guide in the
administration of the
police organization in the US
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- was the first police chief of Berkeley, California.
Brig.Gen. Rafael Crame - the first Filipino Chief of the Philippine Constabulary in 1917.
Col. Antonio Torres - the first Filipino Chief of Police of the Manila Police Department in
1935.
Col. Lambert Javalera - the first chief of police of the Manila Police Department after the
Philippine Independence from the United States of America in 1946
Dir.Gen. Cesar Nazareno - the first chief of the Philippine National Police.
- the PPSC, PNP, BFP and BJMP were created under RA 6975
- headed by the Secretary to be appointed by the President and who shall serve at the
pleasure of the
President
- the Secretary shall be assisted by two (2) Undersecretaries and three (3) Assistant
Secretaries
a) Undersecretary for Local Government
b) Undersecretary for Peace and Order
- No retired or resigned military officer or police official may be appointed as
Secretary within one
(1) year from date of retirement or resignation
- the Secretary is also the ex officio chairman of the National Police Commission
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autonomy
and community empowerment and monitor compliance thereof;
4. Provide assistance towards legislation regarding local governments, law enforcement
and public safety;
Establish and prescribe plans, policies, programs and projects to promote peace and
order, ensure public
safety and further strengthen the administrative, technical and fiscal capabilities
of local government
offices and personnel;
5. Formulate plans, policies and programs which will meet local emergencies arising
from natural and man-made disasters; Establish a system of coordination and
cooperation among the citizenry, local executives and the Department, to ensure
effective and efficient delivery of basic services to the public;
6. Organize, train and equip primarily for the performance of police functions, a police
force that
is national in scope and civilian in character.
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country;
3. Establish a system of uniform crime reporting;
4. Conduct annual self-report surveys and compile statistical data for accurate
assessment of the crime
situation and the proper evaluation of the efficiency and effectiveness of all police
units in the country;
5. Approve or modify plans and programs on education and training, logistical
requirements, communications, records,information systems, crime laboratory, crime
prevention and crime reporting;
6. Affirm, reverse or modify, through the National Appellate Board, personnel
administrative actions
involving the demotion or dismissal from the service imposed upon members of the
Philippine National
Police by the Chief of the Philippine National Police;
7. Exercise appellate jurisdiction through the Regional Appellate Boards, over
administrative cases against
policemen and over decisions on claims for police benefits;
8. Prescribe minimum standards for arms, equipment, and uniforms and, after
consultation with the
Philippine Heraldry Commission, for insignia of ranks, awards, medals of honor;
9. Issue subpoena and subpoena duces tecum in matters pertaining to the discharge
of its own
powers and duties,and designate who among its personnel can issue processes and
administer oaths
in connection therewith;
10. Inspect and assess the compliance of the PNP on the established criteria for
manpower allocation,
distribution and deployment and their impact on the community and the crime
situation, and thereafter
formulate appropriate guidelines for maximization of resources and effective
utilization of the PNP
personnel;
11. Monitor the performance of the local chief executives as deputies of the
Commission; and
12. Monitor and investigate police anomalies and irregularities.
B. Advise the President on all matters involving police functions and administration;
C. Render to the President and to Congress an annual report of its activities and
accomplishments during the
thirty (30)days after the end of the calendar year, which shall include an appraisal
of the conditions
obtaining in the organization and administration of police agencies in the
municipalities, cities and
provinces throughout the country, and recommendations for appropriate
remedial
legislations;
D. Recommend to the President, through the Secretary, within sixty (60) days before
the commencement of
each calendar year, a crime prevention program; and
E. Perform such other functions necessary to carry out the provisions of R.A. 6975, as
amended, other
existing laws and Presidential issuance's, and as the President may direct.
COMPOSITION OF NAPOLCOM
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1. One chairperson
2. Four regular commissioner
3. The Chief PNP as ex officio member
Note:
* shall serve a term of office of six (6) years without reappointment or extension
* three of the four regular commissioners shall come from civilian sector and not
former members of the
police or military
* the fourth regular commissioner shall come from the law enforcement sector
either active or retired
* at least one (1) of the four regular commissioners shall be a woman
* from among the three regular commissioners from the civilian sector, the Vice
Chairperson shall be
chosen
* the Vice Chairperson shall act as the Executive Officer of the Commission
* refer to the organizational structure of the NAPOLCOM
1901 - ACT no. 175 of the Philippine Commission established the Philippine
constabulary on august 8, 1901.
1905 - the Philippine constabulary school was established at the sta.lucia barracks in
Intramuros on February 17, 1905.
1908 - the Philippine constabulary school was transferred to Baguio City.
1916 - the Philippine constabulary school was renamed academy for officers of the
Philippine constabulary.
1917 - on December 17, 1917, Brigadier General Rafael Crame from Rizal Province,
became the first Filipino chief of the Philippine constabulary.
1926 - the academy for officers of the Philippine constabulary was renamed Philippine
Constabulary Academy.
1936 - the Philippine Constabulary Academy became the present day Philippine Military
Academy.
1938 - The Philippine Constabulary became the existing and organized national police
force of the country pursuant to commonwealth act no. 343 dated June 23, 1938 and EO
no. 389 dated December 23, 1950. This decree integrated local police forces into the
Philippines constabulary operational and organizational set up.
1966 - congress enacted RA no. 4864, the police act of 1966. This law also created the
Police Commission (POLCOM).
1972 - The POLCOM was reorganized as the National Police Commission.
1975 - PD 765 was enacted. This law is called the Police Integration Law of 1975. The
Integrated National Police was established with the Philippine Constabulary as nucleus
under the Department of national Defense. The NAPOLCOM, originally under the office
of the President was transferred to the Ministry of National defense.
1985 - The National Police Commission was returned to the office of the President
pursuant to E.O 1040.
1989 - Executive order 379 placed the Integrated national Police directly under the
command, supervision and control of the President. This order vested the NAPOLCOM
with the powers of administrative control and supervision over the Integrated National
Police.
1990 - RA 6975 was passed on December 13, 1990 establishing the Philippine National
Police under a reorganized Department of the Interior and Local Government (DILG). A
new National Police Commission was created under the DILG.
1998 - congress passed into law RA no. 8551 on February 25, 1998, otherwise known as
the Philippine National Police reform and reorganization act of 1998. This act
strengthened and expanded NAPOLCOM,s authority over the PNP to include
administration of police entrance examination and conduct pre-charge investigation
against police anomalies and irregularities and summary dismissal of erring police
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members.
2. STAFF/ADMINISTRATIVE FUNCTIONS
- functions that are designed to support the line functions and assist in the performance
of the line
functions
- examples of the staff functions of the police are planning, research, budgeting and
legal advice
3. AUXILIARY FUNCTIONS
- functions involving the logistical operations of the organization
- examples are training, communication, maintenance, records management, supplies
and equipment management
1. OPERATIONAL UNITS
- those that perform primary or line functions
- examples are patrol, traffic, investigation and vice control,
2. ADMINISTRATIVE UNITS
- those that perform the administrative functions examples are personnel, finance,
planning and
training.
3. SERVICE UNITS
- those that perform auxiliary functions
- examples are communication, records management,supplies.
ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE
- the systematic arrangement of the relationship of the members,
positions,departments and
functions or work of the organization
- it is comprised of functions, relationships,responsibilities and authorities of individuals
within
the organization
1. LINE
- the oldest and simplest kind; also called military
- defined by its clear chain of command from the highest to the lowest and vice versa
- depicts the line functions of the organization
- orders or commands must come from the higher level of authority before it can be
carried out
- involves few departments
2. FUNCTIONAL
- structure according to functions and specialized units
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- depicts staff functions of the organization
- responsibilities are divided among authorities who are all accountable to the authority
above.
ORGANIZATIONAL PRINCIPLES
2. SPAN OF CONTROL
- the maximum number of subordinates that a superior can effectively supervise
3. DELEGATION OF AUTHORITY
- conferring of an amount of authority by a superior position to a lower-level position.
4. HIERARCHY OF AUTHORITY
- the relationship between superiors and subordinates
- serves as the framework for the flow of authority downward and obedience upward
through the
department
5. SPECIALIZATION
- the assignment of particular personnel to particular tasks
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SPECIALIZATION OF JOBS (AREAS OF SPECIALIZATION)
- the designation of certain activities or tasks as ones that must be performed in a
highly.
technological,scientific or precise manner
- areas of police specialization include undercover works, crime scene operations, legal
advising,
computer work, SWAT operations and others
6. CHAIN OF COMMAND
- the arrangement of officers from top to bottom on the basis of rank or position and
authority.
7. COMMAND RESPONSIBILITY
- dictates that immediate commanders shall be responsible for the effective
supervision and
control.
The institution of police in the Philippines formally started during the Spanish period.
The establishment of
the police force was not entirely intended for crime prevention nor peacekeeping.
Rather, it was created as an extension of the colonial military establishment.
Ancient Roots
The forerunner of the contemporary police system was the practice of barangay
chieftains to select
able-bodied young men to protect their barangay during the night and were not
required to work
in the fields during daytime.Among the duties of those selected were to protect the
properties
of the people in the barangay and protect their crops and livestock from wild animals.
Spanish Period
Guardia Civil – this was created by a Royal Decree issued by the Crown on 12 February
1852
to partially relieve the Spanish Peninsular troops of their work in policing towns,it
consisted of a body
of Filipino policemen organized originally in each of the provincial capitals of the central
provinces
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of Luzon under the Alcalde Mayor
American Period
The Americans established the United States Philippine Commission headed by General
Howard Taft as its first governor-general. On January 9, 1901, the Metropolitan Police
Force of Manila was organized pursuant to Act No 70of the Taft Commission. This has
become the basis for the celebration of the anniversary of the Manila’s Finest every
January 9th.
ACT NO 175 – entitled “An Act Providing for the Organization and Government of an
Insular Constabulary”,enacted on July 18, 1901.
Henry T. Allen - Captain of the 6th US cavalry, a graduate of West Point class 1882.
Father of the Philippine Constabulary.The first chief of the Philippine Constabulary in
1901.
ACT NO 183 - created the Manila Police Department, enacted on July 31, 1901.
Act No 255 – the act that renamed the Insular Constabulary into Philippine
Constabulary,
enacted on October 3, 1901
Executive Order 389 – ordered that the Philippine Constabulary be one of the four
services
of the Armed Forces of the Philippines, enacted on December 23, 1940.
Post-American Period
Executive Order No 1012 – transferred to the city and municipal government the
operational
supervision and direction over all INP units assigned within their locality; issued on July
10, 1985
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the INP
from the Ministry of National Defense to the National Police Commission
RA 9708 - law amending the provisions of RA 6975 and RA 8551 on the minimum
educational
qualification for appointment to the PNP and adjusting the promotion system; approved
on 12 August 2009.
- An Act extending for five (5) years the reglementary period for complying with the
minimum educational qualification for appointment to the PNP and adjusting the
promotion system thereof,amending for the purpose pertinent provisions of RA 6975
and RA 8551 and for other purposes.
1.Organize - it means planning the work of the department and of the personnel in an order
manner.
2.Oversee - It means that the supervisor ensures that the work that has been organized and
delegated is satisfactorily
completed.
3.Delegate - It means giving someone else the responsibility and authority to do something.
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6.Shift - one of several tours of duty.
1. A
2. D
3. C
4. B
5. B
6. B
7. C
8. A
9. B
10. D
2. It post the location of murder's, rapes, robberies, carnapping and other major crimes
of the locality.
A. Crime hot spots
B. Crime incident location
C. Crime spot map
D. Crime mapping
3. It post the the motor vehicle and pedestrian accident which occur in the area.
A. Traffic spot map
B. Traffic crime map
C. Traffic statistic report
D. Traffic incidence report
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4. Useful to indicate the traffic accidents and crime location.
A.Traffic map
B. Traffic and crime map
C. Crime map
D. Spot map
5. Each time any file is issued, a record should be made on a color charge-out which is
often called a “Substitution Card” or an “Out Card” which takes the place of a file that
has been removed from the cabinet.
A. Borrower's card
B. Document card
C. Borrower's slip
D. Charged out card
6. A file showing the history of each police officer, both prior and subsequent to joining
the force, is indispensable.
A. Personal records
B. Policy,order,memoranda file
C. Assignment record
D. Correspondence file
8. This consist of photographic records of known criminals and describe the procedure
how criminals commit crime.
A. Modus operandi file
B. Operation file
C. Method of operation file
D. Criminal file
9. A notation put into a file to indicate that a record is not stored in that file but in some
other location specified therein. It tells the filer or searcher where to find the needed
material.
A. Reference
B. Cross reference
C. File notation
D. Cross location
2. Crime spot map - It post the location of murder's, rapes, robberies, carnapping and
other major crimes of the locality.
3. Traffic spot map - It post the the motor vehicle and pedestrian accident which occur
in the area.
4. Spot map - Useful to indicate the traffic accidents and crime location.
5. Charged out card - Each time any file is issued, a record should be made on a color
charge-out which is often called a Substitution Card or an Out Card which takes the place
of a file that has been removed from the cabinet.
6. Personal records - A file showing the history of each police officer, both prior and
subsequent to joining the force, is indispensable.
8. Modus operandi file - This consist of photographic records of known criminals and
describe the procedure how criminals commit crime.
9. Cross reference - A notation put into a file to indicate that a record is not stored in
that file but in some other location specified therein. It tells the filer or searcher where to
find the needed material.
11. The accredited professional organization for criminologists in the Philippines is the
PCAP - Professional Criminologist Association of the Philippines.
13. The Board of Examiners for Criminology was created on July 1, 1972, pursuant to
Republic Act No. 6506 entitled “An Act Creating the Board
of Examiners for Criminologists in the Philippines and For Other Purposes.”
1. B
2. C
3. A
4. D
5. D
6. A
7. D
8. A
9. B
10. C
1. There are how many staff directorate in the Philippine National Police?
A. 8
B. 10
C. 12
D. 14
5. Under this theory of police service, policemen are considered servants of the community.
A. Continental Theory
B. Home Rule Theory
C. Modern Rule Theory
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D. None of the Above
6. Under this theory of police service, policemen are considered servants of the
higher authority and people have little share or no share of all there duties nor any direct
connection with them.
A. Continental Theory
B. Home Rule Theory
C. Modern Rule Theory
D. None of the Above
7. This concept of police service says that punishment is the sole instrument of crime control
throwing more people to jail rather than keeping them out of jail.
A. Old Concept
B. Modern Concept
C. Community Concept
D. None of the Above
8. This concept of police service says that the yardstick of efficiency of police is the absence
of crime.
A. Old Concept
B. Modern Concept
C. Community Concept
D. None of the Above
Answer:
1. B
2. D
3. A
4. B
5. B
6. A
7. A
8. B
9. B
10. A
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Administration of Police Organization Reviewer 4
1. This type of organizational structure is found in almost all police organization today.
A. Line Organization
B. Functional Organization
C. Line Staff Organization
D. None of the Above
4. The vertical heirarchy of an organization which defines an unbroken chain of units from
top to bottom describing explicitly the flow of authority.
A. Principle of Unity of Objective
B. Principle of Organizational efficiency
C. Scalar Principle
D. Unity of Command
6. The control of superior should not be more than what he can effectively direct.
A. Unity of command
B. Span of control
C. Delegation of authority
D. Principle of balance
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8. Refers to the division of work according to type, place, time and specialization.
A. Functional Principle
B. Line and Staff principle
C. Principle of balance
D. Principle of delegation result
10.That which implies the system of varied functions, arrange into a workable pattern.
A. Functional Principle
B. Line and Staff principle
C. Principle of balance
D. Principle of delegation result expected
Answer:
1. C
2. A
3. B
4. C
5. A
6. B
7. C
8. A
9. C
10. B
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3. The responsibility for actions can not be greater than that implied by
the authority delegated nor should it be less.
A. Principle of Absolute Responsibility
B. Principle of balance
C. Principle of Parity and Responsibility
D. Principle of delegation
5. Transferred the operational supervision and direction over all INP units to the city
and municipal government.
A. Act 183
B. R.A. 8551
C. E.O. 1012
D. E.O. 1040
6. Transferred the administrative control and supervision of the INP from Ministry of
National Defense to the office of the Napolcom.
A. Act 183
B. R.A. 8551
C. E.O. 1012
D. E.O. 1040
7. The Transfer of the administrative control and supervision of the INP from Ministry of
National Defense to the office of the Napolcom took effect on.
A. July 10, 1985
B. July 10, 1986
C. July 10, 1987
D. July 10, 1988
10.Extended to PNP members who acted conspicuously beyond and above the call of
duty.
A. Regular Promotion
B. Special Promotion
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C. A and B
D. None of the Above
Answer:
1. D
2. A
3. C
4. A
5. C
6. D
7. A
8. B
9. A
10. B
1. A PNP officer before eligible for promotion to the rank of Senior Superintendent must
first obtained
what mandatory training requirement?
A. General Staff Course
B. Officer Senior Executive Course
C. Officer Advance Course
D. Officer Basic Course
2. A PNP officer before eligible for promotion to the rank of Superintendent must first
secure what
mandatory training requirement?
A. General Staff Course
B. Officer Senior Executive Course
C. Officer Advance Course
D. Officer Basic Course
3. A PNP officer before eligible for promotion to the rank of Chief Inspector must first
secure what
mandatory training requirement.
A. General Staff Course
B. Officer Senior Executive Course
C. Officer Advance Course
D. Officer Basic Course
4. A PNP officer before eligible for promotion to the rank of Senior Inspector must first
secure what
mandatory training requirement.
A. General Staff Course
B. Officer Senior Executive Course
C. Officer Advance Course
D. Officer Basic Course
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5. Before an officer is appointed to the rank of PNP Inspector, He/She must finish
what mandatory training
requirement?
A. General Staff Course
B. Officer Senior Executive Course
C. Officer Candidate Course
D. Officer Basic Course
Answer:
1. A
2. B
3. C
4. D
5. C
6. A
7. C
8. D
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9. B
10. B
Note:
Mandatory Promotional Requirement
1. Educational Attainment
2. Time in Grade
3. Eligibility
4. Mandatory Training Requirement
5. Performance Evaluation Rating
6. Awards and Commendations Received
7. Clearances
District - a geographical subdivision of a city for patrol purposes usually with its
own station.
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Division - a primary subdivision of a bureau.
Duty Manual - describes the procedures and defines the duties ofofficers assigned to
specified post or position.
Informal Organization - are those sharing the basic characteristic of all organizations
arise through the social interactions of individuals or through family grouping.
Leave of Absence- period, which an officer is excused from active duty by any valid
reason, approved by higher authority.
Length of Service- the period of time that has elapsed since the oath of office was
administered.Previous active services may be included or added.
Line Organization - is the simplest and the oldest types of organization where
responsibility extends in a direct line from top to bottom within the structures and
authority is definite and absolute.
line and staff organization is a combination of the line and functional types.
Off Duty - the nature of which the police officer is free from specific routine duty.
On Duty - the period when an officer is actively engaged in the performance of his duty.
Police - is a branch of the criminal justice system that has the specific responsibility of
maintaining law and order and combating crime within the society.
Post - a fixed point or location to which an officer is assigned for duty, such as
a designated desk or office or an intersection or cross walk from traffic duty.It is a
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spot location for general guard duty.
Ranking Officer- the officer who has the senior rank in a team or group.
Sick leave - period which an officer is excused from active duty by reason of illness or
injury.
Special Duty - the police service, its nature, which requires that the officer be excused
from the performance of his active regular duty.
Sworn Officers - all personnel of the police department who have taken oath and who
posses the power to arrest.
Unit - functional group within a section; or the smallest functional group within an
organization.
History of Patrol
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1. Ancient China - law enforcement was carried out by prefect. Prefects were
government officials appointed by local magistrates who reported to higher authorities
such as the governors who in turn were appointed by head of state usually the emperor
of the dynasty.
3. Roman empire - the army rather than a dedicated police organization provided
security. Local watchmen were hired by cities to provide some extra
security.Magistrates such as procurators, fiscals and quaestros investigated crime.
Under the reign of Augustus, 14 wards were created, the wards were protected by
seven squads of 1000 men called vigiles who acted as firemen and night watchmen.
Their duties included apprehending thieves and robbers and capturing run away
slaves.
The vigiles were supported by the urban cohorts who acted as a heavy duty riot
force and praetorian guard if necessary.
vigiles - (watchmen of the city) - were the firefighters and police of ancient
Rome.
4. Medieval England - the Anglo-Saxon system of maintaining public order since the
Norman conquest was a private system of tithing, led by a constable to enforce the
law.
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Sheriff - is a contraction of the term "shire-reeve" - designated a royal official
responsible for keeping the peace through out a shire or county on behalf of the
king.
Reeve - a senior official with local responsibilities under the crown. ex., chief
magistrate of a town or district.
Henry Fielding - a magistrate educated at Elton college who founded the Bow
street runners originally numbered just six.
Sir Robert Peel - prime minister of England from Dec. 1834 to April 1835 and
again From Aug.1841 to June 1846. While home secretary, help create the
modern concept of the police force leading to officers being known as bobbies in
England and peelers in Ireland.
O.W. Wilson - studied under August Vollmer. Became Chief of Police of the
Fullerton police department. He also became chief of police of the Wichita police
department. He introduced the following reforms and innovations:
2. use of police car for patrol, mobile radios and use of a mobile crime laboratory.
3. he believe that the use of a two way radio allowed better supervision of patrol
officers.
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What are the 3 main task of supervision?
1. Organize - means planning the work of the department and of the personnel in an
orderly
manner.
2. Delegate - means giving someone else the responsibility and authority to do
something. The
supervisor confers upon a subordinate officer the same authority and responsibility
that the
supervisor possesses to accomplish the specific task The supervisor remain
responsible for the
completion of the delegated task.
3. Oversee - means that the supervisor ensures that the work that has been
organized and delegated is
satisfactorily completed.
Sting Operations - organized groups of detectives who deceived criminals into openly
committing illegal acts of conspiring to engage in criminal activity.
Hotspots of Crime - the view that a significant portion of all police calls in cities
typically radiate from a relatively few locations.
Models of Policing
1. Neighborhood Oriented Policing - a philosophy of police suggesting that problem
solving is best done
at the neighborhood level, where issues originate not at a far-off central
headquarters.
2. Pro Active Policing - aggressive law enforcement style in which patrol officers take
the initiative
against crime instead of waiting for criminal acts to occur.
3. Problem Oriented Policing - a style of police management that stresses pro
active problem
solving instead of reactive crime fighting.
4.Community Oriented Policing - programs designed to bring the police and the public
closer together
and create more cooperative working environment between them.
5. Reactive Policing - the opposite of Pro Active policing where the police wait for crime
to occur.
Blue Curtain - describes the secrecy and insulation from others in society that is a
consequence of the police subculture.
Cynicism - the belief that most peoples actions are motivated solely by personal needs
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and selfishness.
Civilian Review Board - ex. PLEB - organized citizen groups that examine police
misconduct.
Fleeing Felon Rule - the oldest standard relating to the use of deadly force.
Deadly Force - police killing of a suspect who resists arrest or presents a danger to an
officer or the community.
Booking - the administrative record of an arrest listing the offenders name, address,
physical description, date of birth, time of arrest, offense and name of arresting officer.
It also include photographing and fingerprinting of the offender.
Line Up - placing a suspect in a group for the purpose of being viewed and identified
by a witness.
Stop and Frisk - the situation in which police officers who are suspicious of an
individual run their hands lightly over the suspects outer garments to determine if the
person is carrying a concealed weapon. Also called Inquiry of Pat Down.
Foot Patrol - police patrol that takes officer out of cars and puts them in walking beat
to strengthen ties with the community.
The Phantom Effect - "residual deterrence" most people believe that the police is
present even when the are not in sight.
Sworn Date - the date that a sworn employee took the oath of office for their position.
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Advantages of Foot/Bicycle Patrol
1. Increased personal contact between the police and citizen.
2. Increased observation ability.
3. Increased ability to gather information
4. Economical
Definition of Terms
1. Section - a primary subdivision of a bureau with a department wide responsibility for
providing a
specific specialized functions.
33
2. Unit - a subdivision of a section usually small in size with personnel assigned to
perform a
specialized activity, one or two employees performing assigned work.
3. Squad - a subdivision of a unit.
4. Detail - a subdivision of a squad.
5. Precinct -the primary geographic subdivision of the patrol operation bureau.
6. Sector - the primary geographic subdivision of a precinct, supervised by a
sergeant.
7. Beat - the primary subdivision of a sector.
8. Watch/Shift - one of several tours of duty.
9. Post - a fixed geographic location usually assigned to an individual officer.
10.Task Force - an adhoc work group normally established by bureau commander to
respond to a
specific incident or series of related incidents. Task Force assignment is temporary.
11.Chief of Police - overall commander of the department.
12.Chain of Command - a fundamental component of proper supervision.The chain of
command
requires that each employee reports and is accountable to only one direct
supervisor.
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the beginning of the curfew hours
A. Statute of 1295
B. Statute of 1775
C. Statute of 1827
D. Statute of 1834
Answer:
1. B
2. A
3. A
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4. A
5. A
6. A
7. B
8. D
9. C
10. B
11. A
Answer:
1. D
2. D
3. C
4. D
5. A
6. A
7. B
8. B
9. D
10. B
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2. Established the fist English police department, the London metropolitan police in
1829.
A. O.W Wilson
B. Sir Robert Peel
C. Henry Fielding
D. None of the Above
3. He laid the foundation for the first modern police force. he was appointed
magistrate in Westminster in 1748.
A. Henry Fielding
B. Sir Robert Peel
C. O.W. Wilson
D. None of the Above
7. Groups of hundreds within a specific geographic area.They were put under the
control of the King and were governed by a shire-reeve or sheriff.
A. Shires
B. Parish Constable
C. Beadies
D. Tithings
8. Ten families who grouped together to protect one another and to assume
responsibility for the acts of the group member.
A. Hundred
B. Shires
C. Tithings
D. Beadies
Answer:
1. B
2. B
3. A
4. A
5. D
6. D
7. A
8. C
9. C
10.D
1. He assisted the justices of the peace by presiding the courts, ordering arrest, calling
witnesses and examining prisoners
A. Parish Constable
B. Sheriff
C. Magistrates
D. Shire
2. This office was created to assist the shire-reeve in non urban areas
A. Justice of the Peace
B. Parish Constable
C. Magistrates
D. Watchmen
4. Patrolling the streets from dusk till dawn to insure that all local people were indoors
and quite and to insure that no strangers were
roaming around.
39
A. Justice of the peace
B. Parish Constable
C. Magistrates
D. Watchmen
7. Suspects were required to place their hands in boiling water. When not hurt, he will
be acquitted, if not he is guilty of the crime.
A. Hue and Cry
B. Shire
C. Trial by Ordeal
D. None of the Above
9. The cooperative human effort to achieve the purpose of criminal justice system.
A. Civil Administration
B. Police Administration
C. Patrol Administration
D. None of the above
10.This law established the Napolcom under the office of the President. It is also known
as the Police Act of 1966.
A. R.A. 6975
B. C.A. 181
C. R.A. 4864
D. R.A. 4668
Answer:
1. C
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2. A
3. B
4. D
5. D
6. A
7. C
8. D
9. B
10. C
5. Describes the procedure that defines the duties of officers assigned to specific post
or position.
A. Duty Manual
B. Mission Order
C. Special Order
D. Office Manual
8. The PC (Philippine Constabulary) was organized as the first insular police force on
this date.
A. July 31, 1901
B. July 31, 1902
C. August 1, 1901
D. August 1, 1902
Answer:
1. A
2. B
3. C
4. C
5. A
6. A
7. A
8. C
9. B
10. B
Police Operational Planning - the act of determining policies and guidelines for
police activities and operations and providing controls and safeguards for such activities
and operations in the department. Involvesstrategies or tactics, procedures, policies or
guidelines.
Operational Planning - the use of rational design or patten for all departmental
undertakings rather than relying on chance in an operational environment. The
preparation and development of procedures and techniques in accomplishing each of
42
the primary tasks and functions of an organization.
Planning - the determination in advance of how the objectives of the organization will
be attained; involves the determination of a course of action to take in performing a
particular function or activity. The process of developing methods or procedures or an
arrangement of parts intended to facilitate the accomplishment of a definite objective.
The process of deciding in advance what is to be done and how it is to be done.
dragnet operation - is a police operation purposely to seal off the probable exit
points of fleeing suspect from the crime scene to prevent their escape.
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Guidelines in Planning
1. What - mission/objective
2. Why - reason/philosophy
3. When - date/time
4. where - place
5. How - strategy/methods
Types of Plan
1. Procedural/Policy Plan
2. Operational Plan
3. Tactical Plan
4. Administrative/Management Plan
5. Extra-Departmental Plan
2. involves the determination and allocation of the men and women as well as the
resource of an organization to achieve pre-determined goals or objectives of the
organization.
A. Planning
B. Organizing
C. Directing
D. Controlling
3. It involves the overseeing and supervising of the human resources and the various
activities in an organization to achieve through cooperative efforts the pre-
determined goals or objectives of the organization.
A. Planning
B. Organizing
C. Directing
D. Controlling
5. The task of providing competent men to do the job and choosing the right men for
the right job-involves good selection and processing of reliable and well-trained
personnel.
A. Staffing
B. Reporting
C. Budgeting
D. Controlling
8. This is intended to be used in all situations of all kinds, which shall be outlined to
guide officers and men in the field.
A. Field Procedure
B. Headquarter's Procedure
C. Special Operating Procedure
D. None of the Above
9. To be included in these procedures are the duties of the dispatcher, jailer, matron,
and other personnel concerned, which may be reflected in the duty manual. It also
involves coordinated action on activity of several offices.
A. Field Procedure
B. Headquarter's Procedure
C. Special Operating Procedure
D. None of the Above
Answer:
45
1. A
2. B
3. C
4. D
5. A
6. B
7. C
8. A
9. B
10. C
5. A process of preparing for change and copping uncertainty formulating future causes
of action, the process of determining the problem of the organization coming up with
proposed resolution and finding best solution.
A. Police Planning
B. Planning
C. Strategy
D. Plan
10.A rule of action for the rank and file to show them and they are expected to obtain
the desired effect.
A. Tactic
B. Procedure
C. Policy
D. Guidelines
Answer:
1. A
2. B
3. C
4. A
5. B
6. C
7. A
8. B
9. C
10. D
2. A sub-type of plan to meet unusual needs which is similar to general emergency plan
but it is basically to certain specific situation.
A. General Emergency Plan
B. Specific Emergency Plan
C. Policy
D. Guidelines
3. It relates to plans which are strategic or long range in application, it determine the
organizations original
goals and strategy.
A. Strategic plan
B. Intermediate plan
C. Operational plan
D. None of the Above
4. It relates to plans which determine quantity and quality efforts and accomplishment.
It refers to the process of determining the contribution on efforts that can make or
provide with allocated resources.
A. Strategic plan
B. Intermediate plan
C. Operational plan
D. None of the Above
5. It refers to the production of plans which determines the schedule of special activity
and are applicable from one week to less than a year duration.
A. Strategic plan
B. Intermediate plan
C. Operational plan
D. None of the Above
7. The principles and rules governing the planning, organization, direction, and
employment of the PNP forces in the accomplishment of basic mission of maintenance
of peace and order, crime prevention and suppression and security and public
safety operations.
A. Fundamental Doctrine
B. Operational Doctrine
C. Functional Doctrine
D. None of the Above
8. This provides guidance for special activities of the PNP in the broad field of interest
48
such as personnel, intelligence, operations, logistics, planning.
A. Fundamental Doctrine
B. Operational Doctrine
C. Functional Doctrine
D. None of the Above
10.It defines the fundamental principle governing the rules of conduct, attitude,
behavior and ethical norm of the PNP.
A. Fundamental Doctrine
B. Operational Doctrine
C. Complimentary Doctrine
D. Ethical Doctrine
Answer:
1. A
2. B
3. A
4. B
5. C
6. A
7. B
8. C
9. C
10. D
Notes:
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D. Functional Principle
3. The vertical hierarchy of the organization which defines an unbroken chain of scale
of units from top to bottom describing explicitly the flow of authority.
A. Principle of Unity of Objective
B. Principle of Organizational Efficiency
C. The Scalar Principle
D. Functional Principle
4. This implies a system of varied function arranged into a workable pattern. The line
organization refers to the direct accomplishment of the objective. The staff refers to the
line organization which is an advisory or facilitative capacity.
A. Principle of Unity of Objective
B. Principle of Organizational Efficiency
C. The Scalar Principle
D. Functional Principle
5. The right to exercise, decide and command by virtue of rank and position.
A. Authority
B. Doctrine
C. Discipline
D. None of the Above
6. It provides for the organizations objectives, it provides the various actions, hence,
policies, procedures, rules, and regulation of the organization are based on
the statement of doctrines.
A. Authority
B. Doctrine
C. Discipline
D. None of the Above
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9. Plans for the operation of special divisions like patrol, detective, traffic, vice, and
juvenile control division.
A. Procedural Plan
B. Tactical Plan
C. Operational Plan
D. Extra-Office Plan
10. Standard operating procedures shall be planned to guide members in routine and
field operations and in some special operations.
A. Procedural Plan
B. Tactical Plan
C. Operational Plan
D. Extra-Office Plan
Answer:
1. A
2. B
3. C
4. D
5. A
6. B
7. C
8. B
9. C
10. A
Notes:
1. Scalar Principle
a. Unity of Command
b. Span of Control
c. Delegation of Authority
d. Chain of Command
2. Five Approaches in Planning
a. Synoptic Planning
- feasibility study
- acceptability study
- cost effective analysis
b. Must and Wants analysis
c. Incremental Planning
d. Trans-active Planning
e. Advocacy Planning
3. Plans for the operation of special divisions like patrol, detective, traffic, vice and
juvenile control division.
A. Policy/Procedural Plan
B. Operational Plan
C. Tactical Plan
D. Extra-Office Plan
4. The active interest and participation of individual office is so vital to the success of
the integrated police programs tha the integrated police shall continually seek
to motivate, promote and maintain an active public concern in its affairs.
A. Policy/Procedural Plan
B. Operational Plan
C. Tactical Plan
D. Extra-Office Plan
5. It shall map out in advance all operations involved in the organizations management
of personnel and material and in the procurement and disbursement of money.
A. Policy/Procedural Plan
B. Operational Plan
C. Management Plan
D. Extra-Office Plan
6. Forecasting future events and determining the most effective future activities for the
company.
A. Planning
B. Organizing
C. Commanding
D. Coordinating
7. Consist of the ways in which the organizational structure is established and how the
authority and responsibility are given to managers a tasked called delegation.
A. Planning
B. Organizing
C. Commanding
D. Coordinating
8. Managers must supervise subordinates in their daily work, and inspire them to
achieve company goals. Likewise it is the responsibility of managers to communicate
company goals and policies to subordinates.
A. Planning
B. Organizing
C. Commanding
D. Coordinating
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9. Concerned with activities designed to create a relationship between all the
organizations efforts and individual task.
A. Planning
B. Organizing
C. Commanding
D. Coordinating
10. It is a manager's duty to observe and report deviations from plans and objectives,
and to make initiatives to correct potential deviations.
A. Planning
B. Organizing
C. Controlling
D. Coordinating
Answer:
1. A
2. C
3. B
4. D
5. C
6. A
7. B
8. C
9. D
10. C
Notes:
1. Types of Plans
a. Policy/Procedural Plan
b. Tactical plan
c. Operational Plan
d. Extra-Office Plan
e. Management Plan
3. Five M of management
a. Manpower
b. Machine
c. Money
53
d. Means/Method
e. Material
Definition of Terms:
54
Eaves Dropping - Is the act of secretly listening to the private conversation of others
without their consent.
Crime Triangle
1. the offender
2. the victim
3. the location
55
Tactical Intelligence - information regarding a specific criminal event that can be
used immediately by operational units to further a criminal investigation plan tactical
operations and provide for officer safety.
Open Source - refers to any information that can be legitimately obtained e. free on
request, payment of a fee.
Cryptanalysis - from the Greek word Kryptos-hidden and Analyein-to loosen or to unite
- is the art of defeating cryptographic security systems and gaining access to the
contents of encrypted messages without being given the cryptographic key.
2. Knowledge of the enemy,weather and the terrain that is used in the planning and
conduct of tactical operations.
A. Combat intelligence
B. Police intelligence
C. Military Intelligence
D. Counter-intelligence
5. Those that actively block the enemy's attempt to gain information of enemy's effort
to engage in sabotage or subversion.
A. Passive counter intelligence measures
B. Active counter intelligence measures
C. Strategic intelligence
D. Tactical intelligence
6. When the source of the information comes from a police intelligence officer of long
experience and extensive background, the evaluation of reliability of information is
labeled.
A. A
B. B
C. C
D. D
1. C
2. A
3. D
4. A
5. B
6. A
7. B
8. B
9. B
10. A
1. Ancillary materials that are included in a cover story or deception operation to help
convince the opposition or casual observers that what they are observing is genuine.
A. Walk-in
B. Warming room
C. Window Observing
D. Window dressing
3. A location out of the weather where a surveillance team can go to keep warm
and wait for the target.
A. Warming room
B. Rest room
C. Station room
D. Waiting room
58
asylum or volunteering to work in place. Also known as a volunteer.
A. Enemy traitor
B. Asylum seeker
C. Enemy defector
D. Walk-in
8. Deals with political, economic, military capabilities and vulnerabilities of all nations.
A. Strategic intelligence
B. Counter intelligence
C. Tactical intelligence
D. Long-term intelligence
9. Tradecraft techniques for placing drops by tossing them while on the move.
A. Tosses
B. Dropping
C. Throwing
D. Drops
10.A dead drop that will be retrieved if it is not picked up by the intended recipient after
a set time.
A. Picked drop
B. Timed drop
C. Abandoned drop
D. Recovered drop
You may want to read the ff: intelligence and secret service
1. D
2. D
3. A
4. D
5. A
6. C
7. C
8. A
9. A
10. B
1. Technical air sampler sensors designed to sniff for hostile substances or parties in a
dark tunnel system.
A. Chemical sniffers
B.Tunnel sniffers
C. Dog sniffers
D. Air sniffers
3. A counter-surveillance ploy in which more than one target car or target officer is
being followed and they suddenly go in different directions, forcing the surveillance
team to make instant choices about whom to follow.
A. ABC technique
B. Star-burst maneuver
C. AC technique
D. Sudden change maneuver
4. A chemical marking compound developed by the KGB to keep tabs on the activities of
a target officer. Also called METKA. The compound is made of nitrophenyl pentadien
(NPPD) and luminol.
A. Spy dust
60
B. Chemical dust
C. Sulfuric acid
D. Potassium nitrate
5. A ploy designed to deceive the observer into believing that an operation has gone bad
when, in fact, it has been put into another compartment.
A. Burned
B. Deceiving
C. Spoofing
D. Misleading
6. The special disguise and deception tradecraft techniques developed under Moscow
rules to help the CIA penetrate the KGB's security perimeter in Moscow.
A. Silver bullet
B. Golden bullet
C. Bronze bullet
D. Titanium bullet
7. Any form of clandestine tradecraft using a system of marks, signs, or codes for
signaling between operatives.
A. Ciphers
B. Signs
C. Signals
D. Code
9. An apartment, hotel room, or other similar site considered safe for use by operatives
as a base of operations or for a personal meeting.
A. Meeting place
B. Dead drop
C. Drop
D. Safe house
1. Sun Tzu - The Chinese general who wrote The Art of War in about 400 b.c.
7.Rolling car pickup - A clandestine car pickup executed so smoothly that the car
hardly stops at all and seems to have kept moving forward.
8. Terms:
1. Wanted list - It is for crime suspects with warrant of arrest.
2. Watch list - It is for those without warrant of arrest.
3. Target list - It is for organized crime groups.
4. PIR - Priority Intelligence requirement
5. OIR - Other intelligence requirements
6. SOR - Specific order request
9. R.A. 8551 - Placed PNP as support to the AFP in Counter insurgency operations thru
intelligence gathering.
1. B
2. B
3. B
4. B
5. C
6. A
7. C
8. A
9. D
10. A
1. Regular
2. Secondary
3. Emergency
1. Selection
2. Investigation
3. Approach
4. Testing
Briefs – the form in which the finished product of intelligence is presented to the commander
the police department.
Ciples – are fundamental guides to action, broad statement of truth from which others are
derived.
1. Strategic Intelligence
2. Counter Intelligence
3. Line Intelligence
Coding – is the process of putting the codes and ciphers to plain text message.
63
Criminal World – the social organization of criminals having its own social classes.
Cryptoanalysis – is the process of putting the plain text message tocodes and cipher.
Cryptograph – the art and science of making, devising, inventing, or protecting codes and
cipher.
Counter Intelligence – type of intelligence activity which deals with defending the
organization against it criminal activities.
1. Physical Security – a system of barrier placed between the potential intruder and the
material to be protected.
5. Community Security – is the protection resulting from all measures designed to deny
unauthorized person information of value which may be derived from the possession
and study of communications or to mislead unauthorized persons and the
interpretation of the result of such study.
Covert Operation – if the information is obtained without the knowledge of the person against
whom the information or document may be used or if the method or procurement is done not
in an open manner.
1. Top Secret
2. Secret
3. Confidential
4. Restricted
64
Evaluation – it is the critical appraisal of information as a basis for its subsequent
interpretation which includes determining the pertinence of information and the reliability of
the source.
- to judge the information as to its truthfulness or importance.
Financial Gain – the most common reason why an informer is giving information.
Information – are knowledge, data, news, opinion or the like transmitted from one person to
another.
Integrate – to make the entire or all the information the subject matter.
Interpret – to explain the meaning or to expand the information from the unknown to known.
Intelligence – product resulting from the collecting information concerning an actual and
potential situation and condition relating to foreign activities and to foreign or enemy held
areas.
Interpretation – determining the significance of the information with respect to what is alread
known and it draws conclusions as to the probable meaning of the evaluated information.
Kinds Of Surveillance
1. Surveillance of place
2. Tailing or shadowing
3. Undercover investigation or Roping
Line Intelligence – types of intelligence which is of immediate nature and necessary for more
effective police planning and operation.
Method of Casing
Need To Know Principle – in intelligence dissemination, even a ranking law enforcer who
has no business on the classified information is not furnished the report.
65
Organized crime – it is the combination of two or more persons for the purpose of
establishing criminal activity.
Overt Operation – if the information or document are procured openly without regard as
to whether the subject of the investigation becomes knowledgeable of the purpose for
which it is being gathered.
Safe House – a clandestine place where the intelligence agent and his superior meet.
Stool Pidgeon – an individual who sells information to different groups of law enforcers.
Strategic Intelligence – intelligence which is primarily long range in nature with little or no
immediate practical value.
Surveillance – to gather general information over a wide area and takes a longer time
frame.
Wilhelm Von Stieber – a CIA intelligence officer who spied for soviet union from 1985 –
1994, he had perpetrated the costliest breach of security in the agency's history.
66
Private Detective Agency - is any person who for hire or reward or on commission
conducts or carries on or holds himself out as conducting or carrying on a detective
agency or detective service.
Private Detective - any person who is not a member of a regular police agency or
armed forces who does detective work for hire,reward or commission.
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Veterans shall be given priority in employment as security guard or private
detective.
Person convicted of any crime involving moral turpitude shall not be employed
as security guard or private detective.
Private detective, detective agency, security guard, security agency must first
obtain license from the PNP.
Employees employed solely for clerical or manual work need not be licensed.
The license shall be displayed at all times in a conspicuous and suitable place in
the agency office.
The PNP shall exercise general supervision over the operation of all private
detective and security guard agencies.
The City/Municipal Mayors has the power as director of the City/Municipal civil
defense to deputize private detective and security guards to help maintain
peace and order or prevent or arrest law violators in case of emergency or in
times of disaster or calamity. They shall take orders from the Chief of Police for
the duration of the fire, inundation, earthquakes, riots or other emergency.
Security guard is entitled to possess not more than one riot gun or shotgun.
Firearms shall be carried by the security guard only during his tour of duty in
proper uniform within the compound of the establishment except when he
escorts big amount of cash or valuables in or out of said compound.
The Chief PNP shall prescribe the uniform, ornaments, equipment and
paraphernalia to be worn by the security guards.
Salary of security guard - not lower than the minimum wage prescribe by law.
Who can Issue rules and regulations to carry out the purpose of RA
5487? ans. the chief PNP, in consultation with the Philippines Association of Detective
and Protective Agency Operators.
What are the penal provisions for violation of RA5487 or its implementing
rules? ans.
1. Suspension, fine or cancellation of license to operate with the forfeiture f bond filed
with the
Chief PNP.
2. Imprisonment ranging from 1 to 4 years and fine, in the discretion of the courts.
Physical security - describes the measures that are designed to deny access to
unauthorized personnel from physically accessing a building, facility, stored
information and guidance on how to design structures to resist potentially hostile acts.
- a system of barriers placed between a potential intruder and the
material or installation to be protected.
Security - the predictable state or condition which is free from harm, injury,
destruction, intimidation or fear. Freedom from fear or danger or defense against
crime.
69
1. gates
2. doors
3. locks
1. install alarms
2. install intrusion detection monitor
3. install video monitoring system - ex. cctv
Vigiles (in Rome) - origin of the watchmen although their principal duty was as a fire
brigade.
Target hardening - the reduction in criminal opportunity, generally through the use
of physical barriers, architectural design and enhanced security measures of a
particular location.
2 Kinds of Barriers
1. Natural
2. Artificial
5 Types of Barriers
1. Human
2. Animal
3. Natural
4. Energy/Electrical/Electronic
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5. Structural
3 Line of Defense
1. Perimeter Barrier - 1st line of defense.
2. Building Exterior - 2nd line of defense.
3. Interior Controls - 3rd line of defense.
Components:
1. Types of Fencing (solid/full view)
2. The top guard
3. Types of Protective Alarms Systems
4. Types of Protective and Emergency Lighting's
5. CCTV Cameras and other Electronic Security
Systems/Energy Barriers
71
more difficult to entry of intruders.
Full view fence - it is designed primarily to prevent physical access between two
areas.Constructed in such a way that visual access is permitted through the fence.
73
System of Employment of Personnel Control Identification
1. Pass system - a method used by security to screen visitors or person admitted into
building premises.
2. Single pass or Badge system - the least expensive and the least secure.
3. Group pass and Badge system - one ID for one group.
4. Multiple pass system - separate pass is required for access to various areas in need
ex.color coding
5. Spot magnetized identification passes - a code may be placed in the device and
when passes through a
machine, the code on the device is read, if it contains wrong code or no code at
all,it will alarm.
6. Access list - it contains the names of authorized persons or personnel and is
checked against
identification cards such as drivers licenses, draft registration etc.
Visitor control - the measures used would depend on the sensibility of the installation
but could include the following:
1. Escort - expensive but most secure
2. Time traveled - if there is a long delay or time lapse between the departure and
arrival, the visitor may
be required to show cause for the delay.
3. Visitors logs - should contain identifying data, reasons of visit, time in and hour etc.
4. Visitors entrances - separate access for visitors and separate for employees .
Utility and maintenance personnel - escort system could be used. If these people visit
the installations on a regular basis some of the systems previously could be used.
Package control - there should be provisions made to check packages being taken in
and taken out.
Kinds of Alarms
1. Intrusion alarm - any detecting devices using electric and their combinations to
signal an alarm
when actuated.
2. Laser beam alarm - a laser emitter floods the wall or fence with a beam so that
when this beam is
disturbed by a physical object,an alarm is activated
3. Photocell alarm - an invisible or visible beam is emitted and when disturbed,it
activates an alarm
or mechanical device that opens a door or lift movable barriers,activated by light.
Security Survey - The detailed check and audit of what an installation or plant does
not have in relation to its protection from hazards.
3 Aspects of Security
1. Physical Security - measures taken to prevent physical access or entry to an
installation.
2. Personnel Security - measures taken to insure that only authorized personnel have
access to
classified documents or information.
3. Document and Information Security
Types of Security
1. Physical Security - the most broad.
2. Industrial Security - security of business installations and industrial plants.
3. VIP Security - protection of high level officers and important personnel.
4. Bank Security - security of money and assets stored or in transit.
5. Hotel Security - security for hotel guest and their personal belongings and
property as well as
properties of the hotel.
6. Document security - protection of vital records from loss or unauthorized access.
7. Communication Security - measures to prevent or delay the unauthorized person
in gaining
information through communication.
Physical Security
* Protective barrier - is the physical type of security.
* Barrier - any structure or physical device capable of restricting, deterring, delaying
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illegal access into
installations.
* Perimeter barrier - a medium or structures which define the physical limits of an
installation or area
to restrict or impede access thereto. Any physical barrier used to supplement the
protection of the
inside perimeter.
* Inside Perimeter - a line of protection adjacent to the protected area and passing
through points of
possible entry into the area. ex. doors and windows
* Outside perimeter - a line of protection but some what removed from the protected
area. ex.fence
Kinds of Alarms
1. Bill Traps
2. Foot Rail Activator
3. Knee or thigh button
4. Foot button
5. Double squeeze button
Types of Locks
1. Lever locks - used in cabinets,drawers,safe deposit box.
2. Disc-Tumble Locks - used in car doors.
3. Warded Locks - offer little security,used only to provide privacy.
4. Combination Locks
5. Card Operated Locks
6. Electromagnetic Locks
7. Code operated Locks
Types of Keys
1. Master Key - a special key of opening a series locks.
2. Grand Master Key - a key that will open everything in a system involving two or
more
master key groups.
3. Change Key - a key to a single lock within a master keyed system.
4. Sub Master Key - a key will open all lock with a particular area or grouping in a
given facility.
Key Control - a system of controlling keys devised and regulated for disposal,
storage and withdrawals.
2. Any Person who, for hire or reward or on commission, conducts or carries on or holds
himself or itself out as conducting or carrying on a detective agency or detective
service.
A. Private Security Guard
B. Private Detective
C. Private Security Agency
D. Private Detective Agency
3. Any Person who is not a member of a regular police agency or the Armed Forces of
the Philippines who does detective work for hire, reward or commission.
A. Private Detective Agency
B. Private Detective
C. Private Security Guard
D. Private Security Agency
4. Any Person who offers or renders personal service to watch or secure either
residential or business establishment or both, or any building, compound or area
including but not limited to logging concession, agricultural, mining, or pasture lands
for hire or compensation or as an employee thereof is known as
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A. Security Guard
B. Private Security Agency
C. Private Detective Agency
D. Private Security Agency
6. Security Agency must be owned and controlled by how many percentage of Filipino
ownership?
A. 100% Filipino
B. 90% Filipino
C. 75% Filipino
D. 60% Filipino
7. How many security agency may a person organize or have an interest in?
A. Four
B. Three
C. Two
D. One
10. An Operator or Manager of a security agency must have no previous record of any
conviction of any crime or offense involving
A. Crimes Against Person
B. Crimes Against Property
C. Crimes Against Chastity
D. Moral Turpitude
Answer:
1. A
2. D
3. B
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4. A
5. D
6. A
7. D
8. A
9. C
10. D
5. Who has the power to promulgate the rules and regulations to carry out the
provisions of R.A. No. 5487
A. The President of the Philippines
B. The DILG Secretary
C. The Chief of the PNP
D. The DOJ Secretary
6. Who has the power to exercise general supervision over the operation of all Private
Detective or Security Guard Agencies?
A. LGU
B. DILG
C. PNP
D. DOJ
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A. One Firearm For Every Two Security Guard
B. One Firearm For Every Three Security Guard
C. One Firearm For Every Four Security Guard
D. One Firearm For Every Five Security Guard
9. A Security Agency operating in the City of Manila may employ not more than
A. 500 Security Guards
B. 1000 Security Guards
C. 1500 Security Guards
D. 2000 Security Guards
10. A Security Agency operating in places other than Metropolitan Manila, other cities
and first class
municipalities may employ not more than
A. 500 Security Guards
B. 1000 Security Guards
C. 15000 Security Guards
D. 2000 Security Guards
Answer:
1. B
2. B
3. C
4. C
5. C
6. C
7. A
8. D
9. B
10. A
Notes: In case of conflict between The Private Security AgencyLaw (RA No. 5487) and
the Implementing Rules and Regulations issued by the chief PNP, The Private
Security Agency Law shall prevail.
1. A Security Agency operating in municipalities other than first class may employ
A. Not more than 200 security guard
B. Not more than 300 security guard
C. Not more than 400 security guard
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D. Not more than 500 security guard
2. How many security agency may a person, partnership, or association organize in one
city or municipality?
A. One
B. Two
C. Three
D. Four
4. The Chief PNP in issuing rules and regulations implementing R.A. No. 5487 or
the Private Security Agency Law must consult with the
A. SAGSD
B. PADPAO
C. DILG
D. LGU
5. A Violation of the provisions of the private security agency law may result in any of
the following except one
A. Suspension
B. Fine
C. Cancellation of License To Operate
D. None of the Above
6. In a Security Agency, All of the following except one should secure a license
A. Those employed to manage the agency
B. Those employed to supervise the security guards
C. Those employed to do investigative work
D. Those employed solely to do clerical work
8. In a Security Agency, Which of the following is allowed to issue Duty Detail Order?
A. The Branch Manager
B. The Security Guard Supervisor
C. The Most Senior Security Guard
D. The Chief Of The PNP SAGSD or Representative
9. New Applicants for a license to operate a Security Agency shall be required to obtain
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a minimum capitalization of
A. 250,000 pesos
B. 500.000 pesos
C. 750,000 pesos
D. 1,000,000 pesos
10. No regular license shall be granted to any Private Security Agency unless it has a
minimum of
A. 200 licensed private security personnel in its employ
B. 300 licensed private security personnel in its employ
C. 500 licensed private security personnel in its employ
D. 1,000 license private security personnel in its employ
Answer:
1. A
2. A
3. C
4. B
5. D
6. D
7. C
8. A
9. D
10. A
1. No Regular License shall be granted to any company guard force unless it has a
minimum of
A. 10 Licensed Guard Under Its Employ
B. 30 Licensed Guard Under Its Employ
C. 50 Licensed Guard Under Its Employ
D. 100 Licensed Guard Under Its Employ
2. No Regular License shall be granted to any private detective agency unless it has a
minimum of
A. 10 Licensed Private Detective Under Its Employ
B. 30 Licensed Private Detective Under Its Employ
C. 50 Licensed Private Detective Under Its Employ
D. 100 Licensed Private detective Under Its Employ
4. What is the maximum number of private security personnel that a company guard
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force may employ?
A. 500
B. 1000
C. 1500
D. 2000
5. What is the maximum number of private security personnel that a private detective
agency may employ?
A. 500
B. 1000
C. 1500
D. 2000
6. A License to operate a private security agency shall be valid for how many years?
A. One
B. Two
C. Three
D. Four
7. The Application for renewal of license to operate a private security agency shall be
filed at least how many days before expiry date?
A. 15
B. 30
C. 45
D. 60
8.Under the Implementing Rules and Regulations of R.A. No 5487, What is required to
be displayed at all times in a conspicuous and suitable place in a security agencies
office or headquarters?
A. Business Permit
B. DTI Registration
C. Articles of Incorporation
D. License To Operate
10. All of the following except one is a ground for the termination of the services of any
security personnel
A. Violation of Pertinent Rules Promulgated by the PNP
B. Conviction of a Crime Involving Moral Turpitude
C. Lost of Trust and Confidence
D. Filing of a Criminal Offense in the Prosecutor's Office
Answer:
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1. B
2. B
3. B
4. B
5. B
6. B
7. D
8. D
9. D
10. D
1. Agency Guards
2. Company Guards
3. Government Security Guards
Clear Zone – the exterior and interior parallel area near the perimeter barrier of
an industrial compound to afford better observation and patrol movement.
Controlled Area – an area near or adjacent to limited or exclusive areas where entry is
restricted.
Ducks – in England, an owner to protect his compound used and they are not only
effective but cheap to maintain.
Duress Code – a type of code system so that security personnel when forced by armed
men intending to enter an installation can give alarm by the use of certain words in
casual conversation with other personnel in the installation.
1. Pilferage
2. Sabotage
3. Arson
Main Office – all agencies shall maintain a main office in their registered addresses.
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and government security guard.
Peterman – a term used in England for lock pickers, safe crackers and penetrators of
restricted/prohibited areas.
Private Detective – any person who does detective work for hire, reward or commission
other than members of the PNP, NBI, AFP, BJMP and other law enforcement agency of
the government.
Safe – a metallic container used for the safekeeping of documents or other small items
in an office or installation.
Security Guard – one who is a holder of a security guard license duly issued by the PNP
1. Filipino Citizen
2. High School Graduate
3. Physically and Mentally Fit
4. At least 18 yrs. Old but not more than 50 yrs. Old
5. Has undergone pre-licensing training course
6. Must not possess any of the disqualification for operator or manager.
Security Survey – also known as security audit, risk assessment, and vulnerability
assessment.
Top Guard – this is an additional outwardly inclined structure usually barbed wires
placed above a vertical fence to increase physical protection from intruders of a
certain area.
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Vault – a heavily constructed container usually part of a building structure used for
keeping and protecting cash and documents.
2. The PNP has a program which ensures the deployment of policemen in busy and
crime prone areas. This is called
A. patrol deployment program
B. roving patrol program
C. patrol and visibility program
D. police patrol program Answer: C
3. All regional appointments of commissioned officers commence with the rank of:
A. Senior Police Officer I
B. Inspector
C. Police Officer III
D. Senior Inspector Answer: B
4. In busy and thickly populated commercial streets like those in Divisoria, police
patrol is very necessary. Since there are several types of patrol, which of the following
will you recommend:
A. Horse patrol
B. Mobile patrol
C. Foot patrol
D. Helicopter patrol Answer: C
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7. It is the premier educational institution for the police, fire and jail personnel.
A. Philippine Military Academy
B. Development Academy of the Philippines
C. Philippine College of Criminology
D. Philippine Public Safety College Answer: D
9. An industrial complex must establish its first line of physical defense. It must have
A. the building itself
B. perimeter barriers
C. communication barriers
D. window barriers Answer:B
10. All of the following are members of the People’s Law Enforcement Board (PLEB),
EXCEPT:
A. Three (3) members chosen by the Peace and Order Council from among the
respected members of the community.
B. Any barangay Captain of the city/municipality concerned chosen by the
association of the
Barangay Captains.
C. Any member of the Sangguniang Panglungsod/Pambayan
D. A bar member chosen by the Integrated bar of the Philippines
(IBP) Answer: D
11. It is the circumspect inspection of a place to determine its suitability for a particular
operational purpose.
A. Inspection
B. Surveillance
C. Survey
D. Casing Answer: C
12. In the civil service system, merit and fitness are the primary considerations in the
A. two-party system
B. evaluation system
C. promotional system
D. spoils system Answer: C
13. In the de-briefing, the intelligence agent is asked to discuss which of the following:
A. his educational profile and schools attended
B. his personal circumstances such as his age, religious affiliation, address,
etc.
C. his political inclination and/or party affiliation
D. his observations and experiences in the intelligence Answer: D
22. The term used for the object of surveillance is a subject while
the investigator conducting the surveillance is:
A.rabbit
B.surveillant
C.traffic enforcement
D.patrol Answer: A
27. You are the Patrol Supervisor for the morning shift. You don’t
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have enough men to cover all the patrol beats. Which of the
following will you implement?
A. assign roving mobile patrol with no foot patrol
B. assign mobile patrols only in strategic places
C. maintain your patrolmen at the station and just wait
for calls for police assistance
D. assign foot patrol in congested and busy patrol beats
but assign a roving mobile patrol to cover beats which
are not covered by foot patrol Answer: B
29. Which of the following is the most common reason why informer
can give information to the police?
A.wants to be known to the policeman
B.monetary reward
C.as a good citizen
D.revenge Answer: B
32. Those who are charged with the actual fulfillment of the
agency’s mission are ________.
A. staff
B. supervision
C. management
D. line Answer: D
34. Small alley like those in the squatters area of Tondo can be
best penetrated by the police through:
A. foot patrol
B. mobile patrol
C. highway patrol
D. helicopter patrol Answer: A
40. This patrol method utilizes disguise, deception and lying in wait
rather than upon high-visibility patrol techniques.
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A. low-visibility patrol
B. directed deterrent patrol
C. decoy patrol
D. high-visibility patrol Answer: A
41. It enforces all traffic laws and regulations to ensure the safety
of motorists and pedestrians and attain an orderly traffic.
A. Civil Relations Unit
B. Traffic Operations Center
C. Traffic Management Command
D. Aviation Security Command Answer: C
52. This is a person who does detective work for hire, reward or
commission, other than members of the AFP, BJMP, provincial
guards, PNP or any law enforcement agency of the
government.
A. Secret Agent
B. “Tiktik”
C. Private detective
D. Undercover Answer: C
54. Going east while foot patrolling and turning right after reaching
the end of your beat and turning right after reaching the other
end of the road and again turning right until you completed
the cycle by reaching back to your origin of patrolling.What
patrol pattern have you applied?
A. clockwise
B. straightway
C. counter clockwise
D. free-wheeling Answer: A
55. Which theory of patrol state that police visibility increases the
opportunity to apprehend criminals by soothing them and letting
them believe that their crimes will not be detected?
A. low profile theory
B. high visibility
C. theory of omnipresence
D. team policing Answer: A
56. Without air force capability, patrol operation that covers large
park areas, grassy fields or wooded areas requires the use of
A. bike patrol
B. horse patrol
C. marine patrol
D. helicopter patrol Answer: B
62. Which of the following words has the same meaning as the
word credibility?
A. ability
B. capacity
C. believability
D. vulnerability Answer: C
64. All but one are the primarily line operation in police organization
A. patrol
B. records
C. investigation
D. traffic Answer: C
65. Criminals can hear the sound of the helicopter coming and so
element of surprise is lost which is one of the ________
of air patrol:
A. advantages
B. features
C. disadvantages
D. import Answer: C
72. What is the optional retirement for officers and new officers of
the police service?
A. 15 years
B. 25 years
C. 30 years
D. 20 years Answer: D
73. Governors and mayors, upon having been elected and having
qualified as such,are automatically deputized as representatives
of the
A. NAPOLCOM
B. DND
C. PLEB
D. none of these Answer: A
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75. It is the central receiving entity for any citizen’s complaint
against the members and officers of the PNP.
A. DILG
B. NAPOLCOM
C. PLEB
D. IAS Answer: C
80. This term refers to the period when a police officer is actively
engaged in the performance of his duty.
A. off duty
B. off limits
C. on call
D. on duty Answer: D
83. In the history of our police force, who was the first Director
General of the Philippine National Police (PNP)?
A. Gen. Cesar Nazareno
B. Gen. Raul Imperial
C. Gen. Umberto Rodriquez
D. Gen. Recaredo Sarmiento Answer: A
85. Under the law,the city/municipal jail warden should have a rank
of __.
A. Inspector
B. Chef Inspector
C. Senior Inspector
D. Superintendent Answer: C
89. It exercise supervision and control over all city and municipal
jails.
A. BJMP
B. Bureau of Prisons
C. Department of Justice
D. Local Government Answer: A
94. The head of a local peace and order council is the __.
A. judge
B. chief of police
C. mayor
D. governor Answer: C
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95. The utilization of units or elements, of the PNP for the
purpose of protection of lives and properties, enforcement of
laws and maintenance of peace and order.
A. employment
B. deployment
C. assignment
D. designation Answer: A
97. One of the following exercises control and supervision over the
PNP units during elections.
A. NBI
B. Ombusdman
C. COMELEC
D. DILG Answer: C
98. The number of eligible for which the Regional Director may
recommend for Provincial Director to the governor is __.
A. 2
B. 3
C. 5
D. 4 Answer: B
111. The exterior and interior parallel area near the perimeter
barrier of an industrial compound to afford better observation
and patrol movement is known as
A. Protective zone
B. Clear zone
C. Twilight zone
D. Patrol lane zone Answer: B
113. The government agency that issues licenses for private and
government security guard is
A. PNP SOSIA
B. Mayors office
C. PNP FEO
D. PNP SAGSD Answer: D
118. Whether to put up its own security guard organic to the firm
or hire contractual agency guards have their individual merits
and disadvantages.To determine which type of guarding
system an industrial firm will require management must consult
A. A security consultant not connected to or owning a
security agency
B. A military intelligence officer
C. A police officer
D. A security agency owner Answer: A
137. One who steals due to his inability to resist the unexpected
opportunity and has little fear of detection.
A. Systematic
B. Outsider
C. Casual
D. Insider Answer: C
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142.Intrusion alarm devices are designed to ______ and not
prevent criminals from trespassing and should be used normally
as an independent adjunct and not a replacement of the
human guard forces.
A. Detect
B. Deterred
C. Provide
D. Impeded Answer: A
149. Steal or plastic pipes located in the building from the lowest
to the top floor with water under pressure for use in case of
fire.
A. Lowering pipe
B. Wet pipe
C. Top pipe
D. Stand pipe Answer: D
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169. How many firearms issued for every two guards employed by
the security agency is allowed by law?
A. 4
B. 3
C. 2
D. 1 Answer: D
190. What date is the Republic Act No. 5487 or the private security
agency law passed?
A. June 13, 1999
B. June 13, 1969
C. June 7, 2009
D. June 31, 1969 Answer: B
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196. Refers to the amount of loss a target would be likely to
sustain through theft and robbery.
A. Risk reduction
B. Probable maximum loss
C. Risk transfer
D. Possible maximum loss Answer: B
199. Company owned alarm system with a unit in the nearest police
station so that in case of need, direct call is possible.
A. Auxiliary alarm
B. Proprietary system
C. Local alarm system
D. Central station station system Answer: A
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