“BIOGRAPHY of K.H.

AHMAD
DAHLAN”

NAMA: ZAHARA FAUZIAH

KELAS: XII IPA (ABU RAIHAN AL BIRUNI)

MATA PELAJARAN: B. INGGRIS

GURU MATA PELAJARAN: UMI ERVINA NATALIA S.Pd

SMA IT MIFTAHUL JANNAH

T.P 2018 s/d 2019
 KH Ahmad Dahlan (1868-1923) – Founder
of Muhammadiyah
Founder of Muhammadiyah
Ahmad Dahlan (Muhammad Darwisy small named), is a pioneer and the father of
Islamic renewal. Kyai Haji was born in Yogyakarta, August 1, 1868, this is what
Muhammadiyah organization founded on November 18, 1912. National Hero of
Indonesia died at the age of 54 years in Yogyakarta, February 23, 1923.

KH Ahmad Dahlan Muhammadiyah organization established to implement the ideals

of the renewal of Islam in the archipelago. He wants to hold a renewal in the way of
thinking and work according to Islamic religious guidance. He would like to invite
Indonesian Muslims to return to live under the guidance of the Qur’an and al-Hadith.
He founded the Muhammadiyah not as a political organization but as a social
community and religious organizations working in the field of education.

At the time of Ahmad Dahlan catapult the idea of establishment of the

Muhammadiyah, he got a challenge even slander, accusations and incitement from
both close family or from the surrounding community. He allegedly wanted to
establish a new religion that violates the Islamic religion. There are scholars who
accused him of false, because it is mimetic Dutch Christian nation and various other
charges. There’s even people who want to kill him. But the obstacles are faced with a
patient. His determination to continue the ideals and struggles of Islamic renewal in
this country can overcome all these obstacles. 1)

For the services of KH Ahmad Dahlan in raising awareness of this nation through the
renewal of Islam and education, the Government of the Republic of Indonesia to set it
as a National Hero by Presidential Decree no. 657 in 1961. Establishment as a
National Hero was based on four main points namely: First, KH Ahmad Dahlan has
pioneered the rise of the Islamic Ummah to realize his destiny as a colonized nation
that still has to learn and do.

Second, with the founding of Muhammadiyah organization, has provided a pure

Islamic teachings to his people. The doctrine that demands progress, intelligence, and
do good for society and ummah, on the basis of faith and Islam. Third, with its
organization, Muhammadiyah has pioneered social enterprise and education charity
which are essential to the revival and advancement of the nation, with the spirit of
Islamic teachings. Fourth, with his organization, the Muhammadiyah women
(Aisyiyah) has pioneered the rise of Indonesian women to get education.

Raised at the Environmental School

Muhammad Darwisy born from a pioneer family of scholars and the spread and
development of Islam in the country. His father, KH Abu Bakr was a scholar and a
leading preacher in the Great Mosque of Yogyakarta Sultanate, and his mother, Nyai
Abu Bakr is the daughter of H. Ibrahim, who also serves the prince of Yogyakarta
Sultanate at that time.

He was the fourth child of seven brothers, five sisters and two men that he himself
and his youngest brother. In genealogy, it includes the twelfth descendant of Maulana
Malik Ibrahim, a mayor and a leading big among Wali Songo, which is the first
pioneer of the spread and development of Islam in Java 2).

The full pedigree is Muhammad Darwisy (Ahmad Dahlan), son of KH KH Abu Bakr
bin Muhammad bin Sulaiman bin Murtadla chaplain chaplain Ilyas bin Demat Demat
Djurung omen readers Kapindo bin Djurung omen readers Sapisan Maulana
Sulaiman bin Ki Ageng Gribig (Djatinom), son of Maulana Muhammad Fadlul’llah
(Prapen ) son Maulana ‘Ainul Yaqin, son of Maulana Ishaq, son of Maulana Malik
Ibrahim.

Since childhood, Muhammad Darwisy raised in boarding schools, which

membekalinya knowledge of religion and Arabic. At the age of 15 years (1883), he
already perform the pilgrimage, which is then followed by studying religion and
Arabic in Makkah for five years. He also interacted with the more intense thoughts
reformers in the Islamic world, such as Muhammad Abduh, al-Afghani, Rashid Rida,
and Ibn Taymiyyah. Interaction with the figures of the Islamic reformers were very
influential in the spirit, soul and mind Darwisy.

Spirit, soul and mind that further the accomplishment by displaying the same pattern
through Muhammadiyah religious. Aiming to renewed understanding of religion (the
Islamic) in most of the Islamic world at that time who still are orthodox
(conservative). Ahmad Dahlan looking at properties that will cause rigidity of
orthodox Islamic teachings, as well as stagnation and decadence (underdevelopment)
Muslims. So he looked, the static religious understanding should be changed and
updated, with motion purification or purification of Islam by returning to the Qur’an
and al-Hadith.

After five years studying in Mecca, in 1888, when aged 20 years, Darwisy back to his
village. He also changed the name to Ahmad Dahlan. Then, he was appointed
preacher in the Sultanate of Yogyakarta amen.

In 1902, he performed the pilgrimage a second time, while continuing to deepen their
religious knowledge to a few teachers in Mecca until 1904.

On his return from Mecca, he married Siti Walidah, his own cousin, the son of Kyai
Haji Fadhil prince. Siti Walidah, later better known by the name of Nyai Ahmad
Dahlan, a National Pahlawanan and founder Aisyiyah. The couple have six children
namely Djohanah, Siradj Dahlan, Siti Busyro, Irfan Dahlan, Siti Aisyah, Siti Zaharah.

In addition, KH. Ahmad Dahlan had also married Nyai Abdullah, widow of H.
Abdullah. He also never married Nyai Rum, brother of Kyai Munawwir Krapyak.
KH. Ahmad Dahlan also has a son from his marriage to Mrs. Nyai Ayesha (sister
Adjengan prince) named Dandanah Cianjur. He was also married to Yasin
Pakualaman Nyai Yogyakarta.

Established Muhammadiyah
Spirit, soul and mind reformers in the Islamic world, which he gets from Muhammad
Abduh, al-Afghani, Rashid Rida, Ibn Taymiyyah and others during the learning of
Mecca (1883-1888 and 1902-1904), then the accomplishment by displaying shades of
the same religious through Muhammadiyah. Aiming to renewed understanding of
religion (the Islamic) in most of the Islamic world at that time who still are orthodox
(conservative).

Ahmad Dahlan looking at properties that will cause rigidity of orthodox Islamic
teachings, as well as stagnation and decadence (underdevelopment) Muslims. So he
looked, the static religious understanding should be changed and updated, with
motion purification or purification of Islam by returning to the Qur’an and al-Hadith.

Dahlan was aware that semaangat updates will not necessarily be understood and
accepted the family and surrounding community. Not easy to do pemharuan on an
orthodoxy that has been frozen. So, whether related or not, there is an advice that he
wrote in Arabic for himself.

It reads thus: “O Dahlan, was in front of you there is great danger and events that will
surprise you, which you should definitely pass. Maybe you could pass through safely,
but maybe you also will perish by it. O Dahlan, try as you imagine if you are alone
with God, while you face death, the courts, reckoning, heaven, and hell. And from all
that you face it, ponder the closest to you, and leave the other

In an article on the history of Ahmad Dahlan official site Parsyarikatan

Muhammadiyah (muhammadiyah.or.id), this message is implying a great spirit about
the life hereafter. And to achieve a better life hereafter, then Dahlan think that
everyone should seek provision for it by extending the life hereafter worship, good
works, broadcast and defend the religion of Allah, and lead the Ummah to the right
path and guide them to the charity and the struggle to uphold the sentences God.

Thus, to find the stock reached a good afterlife must have a collective consciousness,
which means that efforts must be invoked (da’wah) to the whole mankind through
systematic efforts and the collective.
Described in the article, such awareness is what caused Dahlan greatly decline of
Muslims in the country. This is bothering her. He felt responsible to awaken,
stimulate and promote them. Dahlan was not aware that duty may be performed
alone, but must be carried out by several people who are closely coordinated.
Cooperation between some people it is not possible without the organization. Society,
parsyarikatan and proselytizing movement: Muhammadiyah.

Dahlan also chose a very good strategy to first develop the younger generation to join
together to carry out such propaganda efforts, while continuing to promote his ideals
of this nation. Moreover, he had the opportunity to accelerate and expand the idea of
proselytizing movement Muhammadiyah that by educating the civil service
candidates (candidate) who studied in OSVIA Magelang and prospective teachers
who studied in Kweekschool Jetis Yogyakarta. Because, he himself was allowed by
the colonial government to teach the Islamic religion in both schools.

Of course the candidates can be expected mengaselerasi civil service and expand his
ideas, because they will be people who have a broad influence in the community.
Similarly, the prospective teachers will soon speed up the process of transforming the
idea of proselytizing movement Muhammadiyah, told his students. In order
mengintensifkannya, Dahlan also founded a school teacher who was later known as
Madrasah Mu’allimin (Kweekschool Muhammadiyah) and Madrasah Mu’allimat
(Kweekschool Wife Muhammadiyah). In this school, Dahlan teach Islamic religion
and spread the ideals of updates.

Dahlan is known as one who is active in community activities. With brilliant ideas
and activities kemasyarakatannya, Dahlan also easily accepted and respected in the
community. Includes quickly gain a place in the organization Jam’iyatul Khair, Budi
Utomo, Sarekat Islam, and the Comite Defenders Kanjeng Prophet.

In 1912, precisely on 18 November 1912, Ahmad Dahlan was established

Muhammadiyah organization to implement the ideals of Islamic renewal. He had a
vision to conduct a renewal in a charitable way of thinking and guidance according to
the Islamic religion. He would like to invite Indonesian Muslims to return to live
under the guidance of the Qur’an and al-Hadith.

Various challenges he faced in connection with the idea that the establishment of
Muhammadiyah. Even he was accused of going to establish a new religion that
violates the Islamic religion. Kiai false. Until there are also people who want to kill
him. But the obstacles are faced with a patient.

Dahlan true to its founding.

On December 20, 1912, he filed an application to the Government of the Netherlands
East Indies to obtain legal entity. The application was only granted in 1914, with the
Government Assessment Letter No. 81 dated August 22, 1914. Apparently, the
Government of the Netherlands East Indies there are concerns about the development
of this organization. So the license was only applicable to areas of Yogyakarta and
the organization is only allowed to move in the Yogyakarta area
However, while Muhammadiyah is limited, but in other areas such as Srandakan,
Wonosari, and Imogiri and others have stood where the branch of Muhammadiyah.
This is clearly contrary to the Dutch East Indies government’s desire. To fix this, then
KH. Ahmad Dahlan work around this by suggesting to branch outside of Yogyakarta
Muhammadiyah use another name. For example, Nurul Islam in Pekalongan, Ujung
Pandang with the name Al-Munir, in Garut with the name Ahmadiyya.

While in Solo standing association Sidiq Amanah Fathonah Tabligh (SATF) who got
the leadership of Muhammadiyah branch. Even in the city of Yogyakarta itself he
advocated the jama’ah and associations to hold lectures and run the interests of Islam.
Associations and Jama-jama’ah gets guidance from Muhammadiyah, which of them
is the Muslim Brotherhood, Taqwimuddin, Light Young, Hambudi-Saints, Khayatul
Qulub, Priya President, Council of Islam, Thaharatul Qulub, Thaharatul-Aba, Ta ‘alal
awanu birri, bima Ta’ruf right, u wal-Fajri, Wal-Ashri, Jamiyatul Muslims, Syahratul
Mubtadi.