Civil and Structural

Engineering Department Module Description : CIV2100

Module Title Structural Analysis

Credits 20

Co-Ordinator Matthew Gilbert

Semester Both

Unit Description This module is designed to improve your knowledge understanding of how elastic and plastic methods of
structural analysis can be applied to various structural forms. The module will be delivered via lectures,
supported by problem-solving, computer and laboratory classes and a one-day field trip to view building and
bridge structures. You will develop your ability to analyse structures under working and ultimate loads, by
hand and via computer.

Unit Aims
1. To develop knowledge and understanding of how elastic and plastic analysis methods can be applied to
various structural forms.

2. To develop skills in undertaking laboratory experiments and in appraising structures

and communicating engineering information via sketches.

Syllabus

Basic Elastic Analysis of Beams

Moment-Area methods, sign conventions. Moment-Area worked examples. Fixed-end moments.

Elastic Analysis of Statically Indeterminate Planar Structures

Slope-deflection equations. SDEs for continuous beams. More SDE examples, finding shear force
diagrams. Settlement of supports by SDE. The Moment Distribution method. Carry-over and distribution
factors, simple example.More continuous beam examples. Non-sway frames. Settlement and sway by
moment distribution, settlement example. Sway of portal frames by moment distribution. Sway examples,
different sway moment cases.More sway examples, unequal columns. Use of symmetry to analyse non-sway
multi-storey frames.

Qualitative Analysis of Elastic Frames

Displacement methods
Re-formulation from first principles with displacements as unknowns. Application to one and two dimensional
structures. Application to beams

Elastic Buckling of Compression Members

Struts and columns, Euler buckling. Strut design curve, slenderness ratio. Other end conditions, cantilever,
propped cantilever. Effective length, principles and in design, sway frames. Imperfect struts, design curves.

Plastic analysis and design of steel beams and frames

Plastic hinge revision, calculating Mp values, effect of axial load and shear Plastic collapse in statically
determinate beams, work method & BMD methods of analysis, progressive hinge formation in encastré beam
subject to distributed loading Analysis of propped cantilever and multi-span beams Types of collapse
 mechanism (complete, partial, over-complete), identification of degree of redundancy, collapse mechanisms
in rectangular portal frames Interaction diagrams, collapse mechanisms in pitched roof portals Statement of
lower, upper and uniqueness theorems in plastic analysis, Limit analysis Classification of steel I-beams,
practical design of steel portal frames with distributed roof loading The role of and limitations of computer
analyses

Application of plastic theory to reinforced concrete beams and slabs

Moment-rotation characteristics of reinforced concrete beams, theory of moment redistribution as applied to
reinforced concrete beams Introduction to yield line analysis of slabs Hillerborg strip method of design

Application of plastic theory to masonry structures

Moment-rotation characteristics of a masonry pier, concept of thrust-line, alternative statement of upper and
lower bound theorems Application of plastic theory to masonry bridges, use and limitations of computer
analysis

Learning Hours Learning Hours of the Unit

Activity Remarks Hours
Lectures Lectures 44

Tutorials Tutorial Classes 22

Laboratory Sessions Practical Classes 3

Field Work Field Study 10

Problem Solving / Example Classes MATLAB Computer Sessions 20

Indepentant Study(including Prep Private Study 101

for Assessment)

Total Hours 200

Teaching Lectures, problem-solving tutorial classes, computer lab. classes, structures lab. class and one day field trip.
Methods
H&S / Risk Design simple engineering systems for safety.
Management

Learning 1. Apply manual elastic and plastic analysis methods to various structural forms.
Outcomes 2. Understand the range of applicability of elastic and plastic methods of analysis & design, including both
manual and computer-based approaches.
3. Logically estimate the forms of deflection and internal force diagrams for loaded elastic frameworks
without requiring numerical data.
4. Analyse trusses and frames using displacement-based methods implemented in a computer program.
5. Describe the basic concepts and calculation methods used to analyse buckling of perfect and imperfect
compression members.
6. Conduct standard laboratory tests according to given procedures.
7. Appraise structures in the field.
8. Communicate engineering information via sketches.

Assessment The examinations, held in both semesters, provide the opportunity for students to demonstrate their
Methods knowledge and understanding of the elastic and plastic structural analysis methods. The MATLAB test in
semester one provides the opportunity for students to demonstrate their understanding of how computer
software can be written to analyse elastic frameworks. The field trip sketches provide the opportunity for
students to communicate their understanding of how various structures carry load and/or may collapse if
 overloaded.

Assessment (i) The examinations comprise both multiple choice questions and questions requiring written answers.
Philosphy The examinations are designed to cover the full breadth of the syllabus. The multiple choice questions
have varying levels of difficulty and the questions requiring written answers are subdivided into parts
of varying levels of difficulty. Some relate to unfamiliar problems and hence require a deeper
understanding of the underlying theory, and others are designed principally to test qualitative
understanding of structural behaviour. To achieve threshold level students would be expected to
achieve a good mark in all the more routine parts of the examinations (e.g. questions / question parts
which are clearly similar in form to tutorial sheet questions). To achieve excellent level students would
also be expected to also achieve a good mark in the more difficult and unfamiliar parts of the
examinations (e.g. questions which are different in form to those in tutorial sheets).

(ii) The written MATLAB test is designed to test students understanding of how structural frameworks
can be analysed using a computer-based method.

(iii) A coursework element of the module requires sketches of structures visited on the second year
London trip to be submitted. To achieve threshold level students would be expected to provide
sketches which recognizably represent structures visited. To achieve excellent level students would
also be expected to postulate feasible load paths and failure mechanisms, and to clearly articulate
these on their sketches.

Module Assessment Type of Assessment

Assessment Type Learning Week Day Percentage
Outcomes
Written Exam (LO1,LO2,LO3) Autumn Week 13 Exam Period 40
Invigilated
Written Exam (LO1,LO2,LO5) Spring Week 13 Exam Period 45
Invigilated
Written Test (LO4) Autumn Week 12 Nothing 10

Individual (LO3,LO7,LO8) Spring Week 9 Thursday 5

Coursework, this
includes lab reports,
designs etc

Total Percentage 100%

Fomative You will have the opportunity to discuss your work with staff at weekly tutorial classes and in computer
Assessment laboratory sessions. You will also receive verbal feedback on a laboratory report.
and Feedback

Recommended
Reading Book 1 - Highly Recommended

Title:
Strength of materials and structures

Author: John Case 1888-1969.

Other Contributors: Di Chilvers; C. T. F. Ross 1935-
Edition: 4th ed.
 Publisher: Oxford : Butterworth Heinemann, 1999

Identifier: ISBN 0340719206;ISBN 0470379804 (Wiley);ISBN 9780340719206;ISBN 9780470379806

Format: xiv, 706 p. : ill. ; 25 cm.

Notes: Previous ed.: 1993. Includes index.

Subjects: Materials -- Analysis; Structural analysis (Engineering)

Further Information: John Case, Lord Chilver of Cranfield, Carl T. F. Ross.

Record Id: 21202883680001441

Book 2 - Highly Recommended

Title:
Plastic methods for steel and concrete structures

Author: Stuart S. J. Moy

Edition: 2nd ed.

Publisher: Basingstoke : Macmillan, 1996

Identifier: ISBN 0333641779;ISBN 9780333641774

Format: xiii, 271p : ill. ; 24 cm.

Notes: Previous ed.: 1981. Includes index.

Subjects: Building, Iron and Steel; Reinforced concrete construction; Plasticity; Plastic analysis
(Engineering); Building, Iron and Steel; Reinforced concrete construction; Plasticity
Further Information: Stuart S.J. Moy.

Record Id: 21166155460001441

Book 3 - Highly Recommended

Title:
Structures : SI units

Author: W. T. Marshall (William Thomas), 1907-

Other Contributors: H. M Nelson (Hugh McDowall), 1922-
Edition: 2nd ed.

Publisher: Harlow : Longman Scientific & Technical, 1986

Identifier: ISBN 0582988721;ISBN 9780582988729

Format: xiii, 455p : ill. ; 22 cm.

Notes: Originally published: London: Pitman, 1969. This ed. first published Pitman, 1977.

Subjects: Structures, Theory of

Further Information: W.T. Marshall, H.M. Nelson.

Record Id: 21194113870001441

 Book 4 - Recommended

Title:
Mechanics of engineering materials

Author: P. P. Benham (Peter Philip), 1927-

Other Contributors: R. J Crawford (Roy J.); C. G Armstrong
Edition: 2nd ed. / revised by C.G. Armstrong.

Publisher: Harlow : Longman, 1996

Identifier: ISBN 0582251648;ISBN 9780582251649

Format: xiii,627p ; 25 cm.

Notes: First published 1987.

Subjects: Materials; Engineering; Engineering, General

Further Information: P.P. Benham, R.J. Crawford and C.G. Armstrong.

Record Id: 21201076200001441

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