years

150 years
Dispersing agents – the key to unlocking the
performance of waterborne direct-to-metal coatings
Joncryl® PRO, Dispex® Ultra and Hydropalat®

Dr. Rainer Erhardt, Dr. Sascha Oestreich

European Coatings Show 2015
 150 years

Table of contents

Key drivers for water-borne DTM coatings

Dispersion: Joncryl® PRO 1522
Dispersing agents
Formulation
Corrosion testing
 Salt spray test
 Condensation water test
and water spot test
Conclusion

® = Registered trademark of the BASF Group 2

 150 years

Key drivers for water-borne DTM coatings

for protective / industrial applications

Keyword sustainability: ecological, Advances in technical performance of acrylic

economical and social compontents
 Influenced by SHE legislation:
- Safety (low flammability)
- Health (exposure to VOCs)
- Environment (waste, etc.)
 Ease/cost of use: one layer only
dispersions based coatings
 Improved corrosion protection (but still
limited to C1-C3*)
 Fast drying & recoating times
 Improved chemical resistance
 Good UV resistance

* Corrosion classes for coatings on steel

according to EN ISO 12944
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Dispersion: Joncryl PRO 1522

Specifically developed for DTM-coatings: Physical data:

Solid content in % 45
 Non-migrating protective colloid
Viscosity at 25 °C (Brookfield) 400
 Superior light stability Density in g/cm3 1.056
pH-value 9
Glass transition temperature (Tg, DSC) 34
Minimum film-forming temperature (MFT) 26
Freeze/thaw-stable Yes

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Dispersants: low molecular weight

 Dispex® Ultra FA 4404:

phosphonate
 Dispex Ultra FA 4483:
phosphoric acid ester
 Hydropalat® WE 3425:
phosphoric acid ester
 Dispex Ultra FA 4416:
mixture of ionic and non-ionic emulsifiers
(APEO free)

® = Registered trademark of the BASF Group 5

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Dispersants: high molecular weight

 Dispex Ultra PA 4550, PA 4560:

modified polyacrylates
 Dispex Ultra PA 4570:
universal modified polyacrylate
(for water-borne and solvent-borne)
 Dispex Ultra PA 4580:
acrylic emulsion polymer (neutralized)
 Dispex Ultra PA 4590:
modified polyacrylate

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Dispersants:
high molecular weight polycarboxylates

 Dispex Ultra CX 4231: Polyacrylic acid Polycarboxylate Hydrophobic

copolymers Polycarboxylate
hydrophobic polycarboxylate copolymers
copolymer

Hydrophobic
character

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High molecular weight dispersants

Modes of stabilization

Electrostatic Steric Electrosteric Improved

stabilization stabilization stabilization electrosteric
stabilization

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Dispersants: high molecular weight, CFRP* based

 Dispex Ultra PX 4575:

acrylic block copolymer with improved electrosteric stabilization
 Dispex Ultra PX 4585:
acrylic block copolymer

*CFRP: Controlled Free-Radical Polymerization

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Model system: water-borne DTM coating

Coating Formulation
Grind Add
Water 7.83 FoamStar® SI 2210 0.08 (1)
Dispersant See table Halox® 515 1.88 (3)
Hydropalat® WE 3650 0.07 (1) BenzoflexTM 9-88 1.33 (4)
FoamStar® SI 2210 0.12 (1) Ammonia 25 % 0.16
Ammonia 25 % 0.07
KRONOS® 2190 17.89 (2) Total app. 100
Grind 30 min at 3400 rpm to Hegman grind 7 (< 10 µm) pH app. 9
Density in g/cm3 1.21
Let-down, add while stirring PVC in % 14.1
Joncryl® PRO 1522 59.26 (1) Solids in % 47.8
VOC in g/l 200
Add mix of
(1) BASF SE
Water 1.86 (2) KRONOS Worldwide. Inc.
Solvenon® PnB 4.01 (1) (3) ICL\Advanced Additives
(4) Eastman Chemical Company
Solvenon® DPnB 4.01 (1)
® = Registered trademark of the BASF Group 10
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Dispersants: Dosage and properties

Dispex® Ultra Dispex® Ultra

®
Hydropalat
Dispersant FA FA CX PA PA PA PA PA PX PX Comp. A
FA 4404 WE 3425
4483 4416 4231 4550 4560 4570 4580 4590 4575 4585
Mass dispersant
0.40 0.60 0.30* 0.60 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 2.00 1.00 1.43 1.00 1.50
in g
Solid content
0.50 0.30 1.00 0.75 0.30 0.50 0.40 0.60 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.50 0.40
dispersant
Dispersant on
pigment ratio in 1.12 1.01 1.68 2.52 1.68 2.79 2.24 3.35 4.47 2.24 3.20 2.79 3.35
%
Viscosity in m
Pa*s (plane-cone,
204 82 167 360 226 79 69 133 226 75 126 104 95
shear rate 500
1/s)

*Please note:
Hydropalat® WE 3425 has to be dissolved and neutralized prior to use
(in 10 g water, neutralize with ammonia; reduce amount of water in recipe accordingly)
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Salt Spray Test according to DIN EN ISO 9227:

(on cold rolled steel (CRS); degree of blistering: ISO 4628-2, degree of rusting: ISO 4628-3)
Dispersant Dispex Dispex Hydropalat Dispex Dispex Dispex Dispex Dispex Dispex Dispex Dispex Dispex Comp. A
Ultra FA Ultra FA WE 3425 Ultra FA Ultra CX Ultra PA Ultra PA Ultra PA Ultra PA Ultra PA Ultra PX Ultra PX
4404 4483 4416 4231 4550 4560 4570 4580 4590 4575 4585

DFT in µm 61 64 65 65 66 59 70 76 73 63 63 74 66
SST 48h
Degree of blistering 2(S3)* 0(S0) 0(S0) 0(S0)** 2(S4)* 0(S0)* 0(S0)* 0(S0) 0(S0) 0(S0) 0(S0) 0(S0) 0(S0)
Degree of rusting Ri 0 Ri 0 Ri 0 Ri 0 Ri 0 Ri 0 Ri 0 Ri 0 Ri 0 Ri 0 Ri 0 Ri 0 Ri 0
SST 120h
Degree of blistering 5(S3)* 0(S0)* 0(S0)* 2(S3)* 5(S5)* 4(S5)* 2(S4)* 0(S0)* 0(S0) 0(S0)* 0(S0)* 2(S3) 2(S3)*
Degree of rusting Ri 5 Ri 0 Ri 0 Ri 2 Ri 5 Ri 5 Ri 3 Ri 0 Ri 0 Ri 0 Ri 0 Ri 2 Ri 2
SST 144h
Degree of blistering 0(S0)* 2(S2)* 2(S4)* 0(S0)* 0(S0) 0(S0)* 0(S0)* 2(S3)* 2(S4)*
Degree of rusting Ri 1 Ri 3 Ri 3 Ri 0 Ri 0 Ri 0 Ri 0 Ri 2 Ri 3
SST 168h
Degree of blistering 0(S0)* 0(S0) 0(S0)* 0(S0)* 2(S3)* 2(S4)*
Degree of rustting Ri 0 Ri 0 Ri 1 Ri 0 Ri 2 Ri 4
SST 216h
Degree of blistering 0(S0)* 0(S0) 0(S0)* 0(S0)*
Degree of rusting Ri 1 Ri 0 Ri 2 Ri 2
SST 288h
Degree of blistering 2(S3)* 0(S0)* 2(S3)* 0(S0)*
Degree of rusting Ri 2 Ri 0 Ri 2 Ri 2
* Additionally blisters at the scribe were observed; to determine the degree of blistering according to ISO 4628-2 only the area on top of the scribe was used
** no blisters observed but some structure on the surface = test finished already 12
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Photos of CRS panels after 120 h Salt Spray Test

4404 4483 3425 4416 4231 4550

4560 4570 4580 4590 4575 4585 Comp. A

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Water Spot Test /

Condensation water test DIN EN ISO 6270-2 on CRS
Dispersant Dispex Ultra Dispex Ultra Hydropalat Dispex Ultra Dispex Ultra Dispex Ultra
FA 4404 FA 4483 WE 3425 FA 4416 CX 4231 PA 4550
Wasser Spot Test (drop of demin. water, 24 h)
Cross cut immediately GT5 GT5 GT5 GT5 GT 5 GT5
24 h after exposure GT1 GT2 GT5 GT5 GT 3 GT2
Comment Brown imprint - - - Small blisters -

Condensation Water Test according to DIN EN ISO 6270-2

Gloss @ 60° before exposure: 84-86
24 h
Degree of blistering ISO 4628-2 3(S3) 0(S0) 0(S0) 0(S0) 0(S0) 0(S0)
Degree of rusting ISO 4628-3 Ri 0 Ri 0 Ri 0 Ri 0 Ri 0 Ri 0
336 h
Degree of blistering ISO 4628-2 3(S3) 0(S0) 0(S0) 0(S0) 0(S0) 0(S0)
Degree of rusting ISO 4628-3 Ri 4 Ri 0 Ri 0 Ri 0 Ri 0 Ri 0
Gloss @ 60°, 24 h after exposure 28 57 75 73* 23 81

* Pinholes observed
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Water Spot Test /

Condensation water test DIN EN ISO 6270-2
Dispersant Dispex Dispex Dispex Dispex Dispex Dispex Comp. A
Ultra Ultra Ultra Ultra Ultra Ultra
PA 4560 PA 4570 PA 4580 PA 4590 PX 4575 PX 4585
Wasser Spot Test (drop of demin. water, 24 h)
Cross cut immediately GT5 GT5 GT5 GT5 GT5 GT5 GT5
24 h after exposure GT1 GT1 GT2 GT1 GT2 GT2 GT1
Comment - - - - - - -

Condensation Water Test according to DIN EN ISO 6270-2

Gloss @ 60° before exposure: 84-86
24 h
Degree of blistering ISO 4628-2 0(S0) 0(S0) 0(S0) 0(S0) 0(S0) 0(S0) 0(S0)
Degree of rusting ISO 4628-3 Ri 0 Ri 0 Ri 0 Ri 0 Ri 0 Ri 0 Ri 0
336 h
Degree of blistering ISO 4628-2 0(S0) 0(S0) 0(S0) 0(S0) 0(S0) 0(S0) 0(S0)
Degree of rusting ISO 4628-3 Ri 0 Ri 0 Ri 0 Ri 0 Ri 0 Ri 0 Ri 0
Gloss @ 60°, 24 h after exposure 51 61 38 34 36 54 51
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Conclusion
Joncryl PRO 1522 Dispex Ultra PA 4580 Dispex Ultra PA 4570
Shows excellent anti- Shows superior salt spray Good in both, salt spray and
corrosive performance in performance condensation water test
combination with the suitable
dispersant

• Compatibility with binder matrix seems to be very

important: both products are acrylics
• Both Dispex types are multifunctional and contain both
amino and hydroxy moieties

(Not shown): Results can be transferred to other (suitable) dispersions and inorganic pigments
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150 years

Please get in touch

You are highly welcome at our BASF booth No. 523, hall 7a

Dr. Rainer Erhardt

Technical Expert
rainer.erhardt@basf.com
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