Industry Standards 101

for the Civil Structural Engineer

 Panelists
 1:05 – 1:25 Marlon Vogt - ASCE Standards
 1:25 – 1:35 Mike Anderson – ASCE FRP
Committee
 1:35 – 1:55 Bob Molde - NESC Code Change
Proposals”
 1:55 – 2:15 Michael Garrels - IEEE PES
 2:15 – 2:30 Q&A

1
Industry Standards Updates
Minnesota Power Systems Conference

November 5, 2014

Marlon W. Vogt, PE, MASCE

Executive Summary

The Plan

Relevant Standards

Updates

Call to Action
Tubular Steel Structures
ASCE 48
Chair: Ken Sharpless

• 42 change proposals
• Ballot early 2015
• Publication target 2016
Tubular Steel Structures
ASCE 48
What to Look For

• Aesthetic design
• Expanded Appendix
• Unloaded member fatigue
• Shaft to baseplate issues
• Connections
• Publication target - 2016
Lattice Steel Structures
ASCE 10
Chair: Bob Nickerson

• Submitted to ASCE Publications

• Publication Early 2016
 Lattice Steel Structures
ASCE 10-15
What to Look For

• Additional definitions and equations

• Post angle member splices, welded angles
• Commentary - climbing and fall protection
• Appendix C – guidelines for existing towers
- 12 sections
- historical material specs
- original compression curves
Guidelines for Structure Loadings
ASCE 74

Chair: Frank Agnew

• Organizing Blue Ribbon review panel

• Publish target - late 2015
Guidelines for Structure Loadings
ASCE 74
What to Look For

• Complete rewrite of 3rd Edition

• Updated wind and ice maps
• New high-intensity wind numbers
• New gust-response factors
• New height adjustment factors
• Pre-standard appendix
Concrete Poles – ASCE 123
Recommended Practice for the Design and
Use of Prestressed Concrete Poles for
Overhead Utility Line Structures

Co-Chairs: Doug Sherman & Wes Oliphant

• Manual of Practice 123 approved, printed

• Committee status - “Inactive”
Substation Design
ASCE 113

Chair: George Watson

• One remaining 2014 meeting

• Two scheduled 2015 meetings
• Numerous working groups
 Substation Design
ASCE 113
What to Look For

• Resolution of wind map selection

ASCE 7 – 2005 or ASCE 7 – 2010?
• New section on foundation design issues
• Ongoing working groups on numerous
topics
FRP (Fiberglass)
ASCE 113

Chair: Galen Fecht

• Original manual released 2003

• Renewed committee activity in 2013
• Publish target September 2015
 FRP (Fiberglass)
ASCE 113
What to Look For

• Updates to reflect maturing industry

• Updated design considerations
• Deflections
• Foundations
• Hardware
Wood Structures
ASCE TBD

Chair: Jim McGuire

• Initiation of committee and effort

• Schedule TBD
 Wood Structures
ASCE TBD
What to Look For

• Determine sections for the manual

• Assign working group leaders
• Begin writing various sections
Aesthetic Structures
ASCE TBD

Chair: Mike Khavari

• Two meetings in 2014

• Subgroups assigned
• Define “aesthetics”
• Stretch goal – publish September 2015
Rural Utilities Services
Design Manual for High Voltage
Transmission Lines

• Bulletin 1724E-200
• May 2009
• RUS/NRECA T&D Committee
ASCE Task Committee for FRP
Overhead Utility Structures
Background
 FRP - Fiber-Reinforced Polymer
— Polymer matrix
— Fiber reinforcement – typically glass
 Also referred to as
— Composites
— Fiber-reinforced composites (FRC)
— Fiber-reinforced plastics
— Fiberglass
Background
 Common Applications
— Aerospace
— Automotive
— Marine
— Ballistic armor
— Lighting supports
— Overhead electric utility grid
Beginning in the mid 1960’s
First installation in Hawaiian Islands
 Electrical Grid Uses
 Transmission and Distribution
— Single-pole structures

Photo courtesy of RS Technologies Inc.

 Electrical Grid Uses
 Transmission and Distribution
— Single-pole structures
— Multi-pole structures

Photo courtesy of RS Technologies Inc.

 Electrical Grid Uses
 Transmission and Distribution
— Single-pole structures
— Multi-pole structures
— Cross arms

Photo courtesy of RS Technologies Inc.

 Electrical Grid Uses
 Transmission and Distribution
— Single-pole structures
— Multi-pole structures
— Cross arms
— Braces

Photo courtesy of RS Technologies Inc.

 Electrical Grid Uses
 Transmission and Distribution
— Single-pole structures
— Multi-pole structures
— Cross arms
— Braces
— Substation applications

Photo courtesy of RS Technologies Inc.

 Electrical Grid Uses
 Transmission and Distribution
— Single-pole structures
— Multi-pole structures
— Cross arms
— Braces
— Substation applications
— Other
Pole line hardware
Tools and equipment
FRP in Electric Utility Code
 Increasing use throughout 1990’s
 NESC initial recognition in 2005-2006
 Included in NESC 2007 (poles and cross arms)
— Same strength factors as other engineered
materials
 Included in CSA C22.3 No. 1 in 2006 (poles only)
— Same minimum load factors as steel poles
provided manufacturers’ strength ratings are
adequate
ASCE Guidance
 No U.S. pre-standard or standard available
 ASCE FRP Task Committee
— Formed in 2006
— Worked on a “guide” document through 2008
— Dealt with FRP poles only
— Document was nearly complete in 2008, but was
never reviewed or published
ASCE Guidance
 ASCE FRP Task Committee (cont.)
— Reinstated in 2013
— Mostly new members
— Representation from industry, utility, and
academia
— Goal: Generate a pre-standard for the design,
selection, purchase and installation of FRP
overhead utility line structures
— Poles and cross arms
— Full standard to follow
ASCE Guidance
 Draft Document Contents
— Structures and Applications
— Materials
— Design Considerations
— Design Criteria
— Quality Assurance
— Assembly and Erection
— Attachments
NESC

100 Year Anniversary

August 1914 to August 2014
NESC Purpose:

 Practical safeguarding of:

— Persons
— Utility facilities
— Affected property

 For the life of the utility’s facilities.

NESC Covers:
 Electric Supply & Communication Lines
 Connected Conductors, Hardware and
Equipment
 Includes electric supply stations,
transmission, and distribution.
 Overhead and Underground
 Includes installation, operation,
maintenance, and work practices.
NESC is:

 A Performance/Safety Code
— Basic provisions under
specified conditions
 Not a design specification or
how to manual
 Secretariat is IEEE
 American National
Standard Institute-
ANSI C2 Standard
 Updated on a 5 year
basis.
NESC Subcommittees
Subcommittee Section Part Subject
SC1 1,2,3 Intro., Definitions,
Ref.
SC2 9 Grounding methods
SC3 10-19 1 Electric Supply
Stations
SC4 20-23 2 Overhead Line
Clearances
SC5 24-27 2 Overhead Lines –
Strength and
Loadings
SC7 30-39 3 Underground Lines
SC8 40-44 4 Work Rules
2017 NESC - 5 Year Code Cycle
YEAR DATE MILESTONE
1 July 15, 2013 Final date for change proposals

1 Sept\Oct, 2013 Subcommittees for CP action

2 Sept. 1, 2014 Preprint published

3 May 15, 2015 Final date for comments
3 Sept\Oct 2015 Subcommittees make final
recommendations.
4 Jan 15, 2016 NESC Main Committee vote &
ANSI public review.
4 May 15, 2016 2017 NESC submitted to ANSI
4 Aug 1, 2016 2017 NESC published
5 2017 New Code In Use
Preprint Proposals for 2017 NESC

 Only selected change proposals will be

covered in the following slides due to time
constraints.

 Details are paraphrased for brevity.

 CPs noted in RED are specific requests for

comments from NESC Subcommittees
NESC 2017 Change
Proposals
Subcommittee 1

Sections 1,2, & 3

Introduction – 24 CPs
Definitions – 46 CPs
References – 3 CPs
Several CPs-Deleted term “unloaded”
 Deleting the word “unloaded” from initial unloaded
sag and final unloaded sag in several rules.
 Example:
 Rule 233A1a(1)
 15 degC(60deg F), no wind displacment, at both
initial unloaded and final unloaded sag (conductor
positions A&C)
 Subcommittee accepted vote: 17-0
 Term presently not used in sag programs
 Allows deleting many definitions no longer used
NESC 2017 Change
Proposals
Subcommittee 2

Section 9
Grounding Methods

35 CPs submitted
 CP 4565 – Rule
094B2c –Driven Rods
 Driven rods be placed in undisturbed earth.
 All ground rods to be flush with ground level.
 Eliminate text “unless suitably protected.”
 Exception added- How rods might be placed next to
poles.

 Subcommittee Recommendation: Reject. Vote 13-1.

45
NESC 2017 Change
Proposals
Subcommittee 3

Section 10-19
Electric Supply Stations

47 CPs submitted
Some CP topics submitted
 Fire extinguishers
 Safety Signs
 Enclosures
 Bonding Fences
 Impenetrable barriers
 Inspections
 Working space
NESC 2017 Change
Proposals
Subcommittee 4

Sections 20-23
Overhead Lines – Clearances

310 CPs Submitted

CP 4701 –Rules 215C2-C8
Re-organized guy insulator rules
 15 changes submitted on guy insulator installations
 Present rules: if not grounded, a field user must install
guy insulators in guys so that:
— the bottom 8 ft will not become energized
— voltage will not be transferred from one circuit to
another,
— if one guy sags down upon another, it will not
become ineffective.
 Subcommittee ACCEPTED 13-4
 CP4701- Rule 215C2-C8 - Guys

Energized Guy insulator

No portion within 8 ft min to
facilities
ground of guy or insulator
Anchor guy conductive parts will
become energized if guy
broken or slack

ground
CP4702-Rule 220 B1- Relative levels for
supply and communication conductors and
spaces
 CP addresses relative levels of supply and
communications at crossing and same
structure
— Clouded by multiple layers of each.
— This is a should rule \ not a shall.
 Subcommittee accepted with minor
modifications. (15-2)
— Added note: not always practical to
meet.
 Supply space

Communication worker safety

40”
zone

Communication space

Rule 232 Clearances to ground

ground
CP4683- Rule 230B –
Extreme ice and wind
loading impacts on road
clearances.
 CP- For clearances above roadways, driveways
and parking areas use 250D Extreme Ice and Wind
loading
 Subcommittee REJECTED
— Contradicts reason for clearance zone maps
— Working group WG4.1 established
Determine impact on distribution &
transmission circuits
— WG4.1 seeks documented cases
CP4593- Rule 233B1
Horizontal clearances, supply and
trolleys and communications.
 More stringent clearances between supply
and trolley, and communications
— At same level on different structures
— Equals vertical clearance + 3 feet
— Reason- shoehorning of light rail & fiber
optic
 Subcommittee vote: REJECT
— Insufficient justification
CP4305-Rule 234B1a- Horizontal clearances
from other supporting structures
 Clearances from street lights, traffic
signals, a second line
— Voltages up to 50kV
— Horizontal clearance w/o wind was 5ft
— Recommends not less than 5 ft
 Subcommittee vote: Accept as modified
— Changed to “voltages up to 22kV
— SC4 Requests comments for impact on
existing design standards.
CP4468-Rule 234, 234K
Irrigation Clearances
 New rule to specify min clearances to power lines
 Specifies clearances to fluid (spray) discharge
— Per IEEE Std 1542 Guide for Installation,
Maintenance, and Operation of Irrigation
Equipment Located Near or Under Power Lines.
 Subcommittee vote: REJECT 17 to 0
— NESC cannot depend on other documents
— A Working Group 4.2 created to address needs
— Working Group is seeking comments
 CP4346-Rule 235I –
Antennas in supply
space
 Rules for attennas scattered through the
NESC
 Difficult to determine clearances

 CP places all antenna rules under Rule 235I.

 Subcommittee ACCEPTED AS MODIFIED
(editorial)
 Vote 17-0.
CPs Related to Solar Photovoltaic
Panels
 CP4666 (Rule 236D1) –Added “photovoltaic panels” to
the existing laundry list of equipment relative to the
climbing space. Voted 17-0
 CP4665 (Rule 237G) – Included “photovoltaic panels”
with other referenced equipment relative to the working
space. Voted 17-0
 CP4341 (Rule 238A) – Added “photovoltaic panels” to
the existing list in defining equipment for the application
of Rule 238. Voted 17-0
 SEIA-Solar Energy Industrial Association – NESC
Committee Membership
NESC 2017 Change
Proposals
Subcommittee 5

Section 20-27
Overhead Lines - Strength and Loadings
Overhead Lines – Strength
& Loadings
 Rule 011C NESC SCOPE-Requirements
 Rules specify loadings and factors
related to strength of utility structures
and supported facilities.

 Utilities required to maintain control over

system up to service point to assure:
 The system is engineered to meet
requirement of expected conditions
CP4506-Rule 260-Non-Linear Analysis
 Provides load factor tables for non-linear and linear
analysis
 If allowance is made for deformation, deflection, or
displacement of structures use new table 253-1A
(non-linear load factors)
 If allowance not made use new table 253-1B (Linear
load factors)
 Subcommittee accepted with modifications voting
21-13
 Negative votes: not enough time to evaluate
CP4495-Rule 261 H1-Open supply
conductors & overhead shield wires- Focus
on Aeolian Vibration

 CP modifies rule to consider aeolian vibration and

mitigation methods
— Vibration devices
— Stress reduction devices
— Self damping conductors or vibration resistant
— Reducing design tension limits for cold weather
 Subcommittee voted to accept 33-0.
CPs 4604,4607,4637,4638-Grade Cx

 CPs introduced Grade Cx to replace Grade

C at crossings

 Subcommittee rejected these voting 32 – 2

 SC5 majority believes not necessary.
CP4610-Rule 250C-Eliminate 60ft exemption

 Eliminates 60 foot exemption in design for

withstand of Extreme Wind Loading
 For structures less than 61 feet most district loads
(light, medium and heavy) are adequate.

 Subcommittee vote – Accept as modified 16-16-1

— Did the same for 250D-Extreme ice with wind
— Negative votes due to lack of sufficient
justification
General Loading Map & ASCE7-05 Uniform
ice thickness with concurrent wind map.
CP4639-Rule 250 C2
Note-Gust Response Factor <60ft
 Note added to apply combined KZ & GRF
=1.0 for structures less than 60 ft
 Attempt to simplify calculations for <60 ft
for exemption proponents –SEE CP4610

 Subcommittee rejected 31-3 felt it was

misleading and not necessary
CP4694-Rule 277- Mechanical Strength of
Insulators
 Insulators shall withstand loads in Rule 252 times
load factors given in Table 253-1
 Without exceeding permitted stress levels
 Stress levels = insulator strength (load rating)
times appropriate percent value Table 277-1

 Subcommittee vote: Accept as modified 22-4

Part 3 (Sections 30 – 39)
Underground Lines
Subcommittee 7

Sections 30-39
Underground Lines

 71 CPs Submitted
Some notable CPs submitted

 CP4722-Increasing bonding intervals for

non-accessible cables-Accepted 12-2
 CP4405 Removed RECOMMENDATION that
all switches open and close in like
directions-Accepted 15-0
 CP4145 Restrictions on when bonding
communication to pole grounds can be
omitted – Rejected 15-3
Sections 40 – 44
Work Rules
 Subcommittee 8

 Change Proposals submitted – 74

 8 CPs created by Subcommittee to

harmonize with updated OSHA Rules
 New recent OSHA rules on Fall Protection,
Arc Flash, Min Approach calcs may conflict
with NESC Tables.
Ordering Preprint

 http://standards.ieee.org/about/nesc/

 Sue Vogel – Senior Manager of NESC

How to participate in NESC Code making
process:

1. Submit change proposals

2. Submit comments to NESC Preprints
3. Become an active member in one or
more IEEE NESC Subcommittees
NESC Future Planning
 What should it look like?

 Does today’s process support a 5-year revision

cycle?

 Should the NESC be a Construction or Design

Code versus a Safety Code?
Who ultimately is responsible for the
evolution of the NESC?
 75

What does IEEE PES do?

• Primary Source
-Original Research
Secondary Source
-Review Articles
Tertiary Source
-Manuals
-Meta-anlysis -Standards
-Monographs -Textbooks

NEETRAC Reports

EPRI Reports

CEATI Reports

CIGRE Brochures IEC Standards

IEEE Transactions IEEE Standards Association

PES is a volunteer organization that produces

papers and standards published through IEEE
 76

PES Technical Committees

• Electric Machinery (website)
• Energy Development and Power Generation (website)
• Insulated Conductors (website)
• Nuclear Power Engineering (website)
• Power System Analysis, Computing, and Economics (website)
• Power System Communications (website)
• Power System Dynamic Performance (website)
• Power System Instrumentation and Measurements
• Power System Operations (website)
• Power System Planning and Implementation (website)
• Power System Relaying (website)
• Stationary Battery (website)
• Substations (website)
• Surge Protective Devices (website)
• Switchgear (website)
• Transformers (website)
• Transmission and Distribution (website)
– Overhead Lines
 77

Overhead Lines Subcommittee

• Engineering & Construction
• Overhead Conductors & Accessories
• Structural Materials & Hardware
• Insulator Performance & Applications
• Corona & Field Effects
• Management of Existing Overhead Lines
• HVDC Lines
 78

Engineering & Construction WG

• 524: Guide to the Installation of Overhead Transmission Line Conductors
• 691: Guide for Transmission Structure Foundation Design and Testing
• 951: Guide to the Assembly and Erection of Metal Transmission Structures
• 977: Guide to Installation of Foundations for Transmission Line Structures
• 1025: Guide to the Assembly and Erection of Concrete Pole Structures
• 1441: Guide for Inspection of Overhead Line Construction
• 1724: Guide for the Preparation of a Transmission Line Design Criteria
Document
 79

Conductors & Accessories WG

• Conductor Motion
– 563: Guide on Conductor Self-Damping Measurements
– 664: Guide on Measurement for the Performance of Aeolian Vibration Dampers of
Single Conductors
– 1368: Guide for Vibration Field Measurements of Overhead Conductors
• Thermal Ratings
– 738: Calculating the Current-Temperature of Bare Overhead Conductors
– 1283: Guide for Determining the Effects of High Temperature Operations on
Conductors, Connectors, and Accessories
• Liaisons
– Communications Committee: OPGW (1138, 1591.1), ADSS (1222), WRAP (1591.3, 1594)
– ASTM
– CIGRE
 80

Materials & Hardware WG

• 751: Trial-Use Design Guide for Wood Transmission
Structures
• 1217: Guide for Preservative Treatment of Wood
Distribution and Transmission Line Structures
• 1218: Guide for Maintenance of Wood Transmission
and Distribution Line Structures
• C135: Hardware
 81

Substations Committee
• Structural Issues
– 605: Bus Design in Air Insulated Substations
– 693: Recommended Practices for Seismic Design of Substations
– 1527: Recommended Practice for the Design of Flexible Buswork Located in
Seismically Active Areas
• Environmental issues
– 979: Guide for Substation Fire Protection
– 980: Guide for Containment and Control of Oil Spills in Substations
– 1127: Guide for the Design, Construction, and Operation of Electric Power
Substations for Community Acceptance and Environmental Compatibility
• Project Management
– 1267: Trial-Use Guide for Development of Specification for Turnkey Substation
Projects
Conclusion

Love Them – Use Them

Raise Your Hand!