‘Thermochemistry practice problems 1) How can energy be transferred to or froma system? 'A) Energy can only be transferred as potential energy being converted to kinetic energy. ') Energy can be transferred only as heat. Energy can be transferred only as work 1D) Energy can be transferred as heatand/or work. 2) Which of the following is an example of a state function? 'A) The length of time it takes to go from New York to Los Angeles B) The mileage traveled going from San Francisco to Los Angeles “The amount of time it takes to change the channel when Gossip Girl comes on. 1D) The difference in altitude between Chicago and Denver 3) Which ofthe following is NOT a state property? A) pressure B) temperature ©) internal energy Dy enthalpy j 4) Which ofthe following isthe best example of an isolated system? A) water in a styrofoam coffee cup 'B) liquid in a beaker with a watch glass over it soda in an unopened soft drink can 1D) coffee in a closed thermos Bote 5) How does a closed system differ from an open system? 'A) A closed system does not do any work on the surroundings. B) A closed system cannot exchange heat with the surroundings. Energy is conserved in a closed system, but not in an open system. D) A closed system canfiot exchange matter with the surroundings, 6) A chemical reaction where heat is transferred to the surroundings is a(n) Ex OTHERMIC, 7) Which of the following is an enciothermie process? A) jet fuel burning in a jet engine B) combustion of methane (©) freezing of water ~LDiaporization of water ] 8) Which is true if aH =- 95 72 'A) Both the system and the surroundings ae gaining 3B) Both the system and the surroundings are losing 95 The system is gaining 95 [hile the surroundings are losing 95 D) The system is losing 95 J, while the surroundings are gaining 95 J e syste Tost fe SuTOUnT ra » 2 3) S) reaction, 8)9) Which of the following signs on q and w represent a system that is doing work on the 9 surroundings, as well as losing heat to the surroundings? D)-q,+w B) None of the above. 10) How much work in joules is done when a piston expands froma volume of 1327 litersto 10) —____ 76355 liters against a pressure of 14.89 atm? we-PAV r we (4.84 abn) (655L= B2TL) “PAR ZLwtmy LAE gsucoy we -F42.2 Latin 1) How much work in joules is done on the system when a 1.15 aim external pressure causes 11) a piston to decrease in volume from 6. 5.16 liters? w == PAY ~ AS atm)\ (2160-6550) 3.40 Vatmy tS 2 aqs tate wl 3.90 Lato 12) Ina refrigeration system, the refrigerant gas absorbs 21.39 kJ of energy while expanding 12) against a 0.278 atmosphere pressure from a volume of 0.0423 liters to a volume of 1.876 liters. What is the energy change of the gas? Aes 4a PAV = (a1340T ) = (0-278 ate) (1.B76\_- 0.0423L) ( Jou.as es w Ae= 2338 T =7 2.338 KT 13) Whatis the energy change of the system if a chemical reaction transfers 32.146 kJ of heat to 13) the surroundings while it causes the expansion of a 1.465 liter vessel to 3.687 liters against a pressure of 3.64 atmospheres? AE = - 32-965 KS 14) Lead, water, sulfur and arsenic have specific heats of 0.128, 4.18,0706, and 0329 Vg", M) respectively. Which ofthese would require the smallest amount of heat to increase its temperature by 10°C (assume all sampleshave the same mass)? LEAD 3 SMALLEST SPECIFIC HEAT 15) When power was tuned off 300 gol water eae, hetemperatureofthe water 15) Gopped from 750°C 225°C How much het was lot tothe surroundings? gal = 3.7851) B.785t ml 1100 Hp MCar 80.0 gel Soe Re ee = 13550 q 5 (355 Og C4-1B4T (22.5%-75.0'¢) 3 4 2.44 x10 KT tr ANTIS.7ect cL i 5.28 poh BE ae Oe 14 B48 tome 116) How much heat is needed to raise the temperature of 5.28 gal of water from 16) 250°C to 88.0°C (1 gal = 3785 Ly? He (1484, (BK) (88 ot -260%) t © SAIOKT 17) 140g of metal at 24.0 °C has 250 joules of heat added to it, The metal’s specific heat is0.105 17) g°C. What isits final temperature? te mCAT => 4503= (14.02\(0,105% \(Te- 24. = 983 18) 1219 outesof est isthe temperature of 250 of metalby AAC Whatlethespeciic 18) heat in J/g °C? ce Se ND mST (250,S(44'C) . 6 a2 0,076 Fe 19) 1674 of eat ae sbsrbed by 250 mo an aqueous solution of NOH (= LIOgmL, 18) specific heat = 4.10 /g °C). The temperature ofthe solution goes up how many degrees? pre Bee (era) cae (25.04b, 28) (4.10 we = 14.8% 5 20) What is the final temperature when 150.0 mL of water at 90.0 °Cis added to 100.0mL of 20) water at 300°C yg ed 5 baer = Feowy “Oper Gio her) = Mens ino Meno) £7 Sno SMES = (150.24) (%y = 90.0°C) = (100.04) (Te -20.0%°) T= 66.07 21) 5010 g of iron that has an initial temperature of 225 °C and 500 g of gold that has an initial 21) temperature of 25.0°C are brought into contact with one another. Assuming no heat is lost to the surroundings, what will be the temperature when the two metals reach thermal ‘equilibrium? The specific heat capacity of iron = 0.449 1/g°C and gold = 0.128 /g°C- tet ta wl BT CH Gh) ~(Socg) (0nd Z(t, -705'2) = (Gog) (0-eBH (Te ~ 35.8%) 2 Haas E () + SOSLISTS GHOT (GY -1,60%10° T22) 100.0 g of nickel at 150°C was placed in 1.00 L of water at 25.0 °C. The final temperature of | 22) the water was 26.3 °C. What isthe specific heat of nickel? “bar ® Bae PO GARY = Ue eT 0D “ao Cc Te < eeu ue) ona Z, cs “C ON AT) : 23) A250 piece of ron at 398 Kis placed ina styrofoam coffee cup containing 250mL of 23) water at 298 K, Assuming that no heat is lst to the cup or the surroundings, what will the final temperature of the water be? The specific heat capacity of iron = 0.449 J/g°C and water = 4.18 J/g". tn? bo = (GAT Y= nS ar.) Myo Hae Save For Ty \ © Tp B4.6°O 24) What is the molar mass of a metal predicted by the Dulong-Petit law if the metal has a 2) specific heat capacity of 0.128 I/g"C? yess Ze) (ona) = 195 9/n0\ 25) A75.0.g sample of a metal at is heated by adding 450] of heat. Its temperature increased 25) from 22.0 °C to 370°C. What is the molar mass of the metal? Fiest peTeRMINe SPECIRIC HEAT CAPACI ' ae mcat => ck. mT THEN USE Dopons-—PETIT AW @)@2ne Re (oxo 3) Me BR &26) A 10.0 g sample of a metal at 78.0°C is submerged in 30.0 mL of water at 25.0°C. the final 26) temperature of the water is measured to be 26.1 °C. Assuming no heat is lost to the surroundings, what is the approximate molar mass of the metal? ~Fne Ene = (MEET. = (Helge Bh.) KL satu FOR Cun cane Ce nae), (500) RHE ICC n(n, ATS = (00,05) (051-4°C) s WR Gesebze) me HE, Gresbais) 2 gy dno 5 Gut 27) Two aqueous solutions at room temperature are mixed in a coffce cup calorimeter. The reaction 27) ‘causes the temperature of the resulting solution to fall below room temperature. Which of the following statements is TRUE? A) Energy is leaving the system during reaction. 8) The products have a lower potential energy than the reactants. of experiment directly yields AEpxn- B) The solution has special properties that enable it to violate the first and second law of thermodynamics. 28) A21.8 sample of ethanol (C2HsOH) is bumed in a bomb calorimeter. Ifthe temperature 28) rises from 250 °C to 62.3°C, determine the heat capacity ofthe calorimeter. The molar sass of ethanl is 46.07 g/mol. CaHSOH() +3 On(@) > 2.COn®) +3 1O®) # CDT => co. = Ee 2 SYS 2 gy BE GF Scan al Spare” Sette A By elation, La ¥s ——— = KS GET walt pu 584 25) A35.6g sample of ethanol (C2H5OH) is burned in a bomb calorimeter that has a heat 29) capacity of 23.3 kJ/°C. If the temperature rose from 35.0 °C to 76.0°C, what is the value of AFipgn? The molar mass of ethanol is 46.07 g/mol. CHSOHI) +3 On(@) +2.COn(q) +3 420) AHoxn 5. g IH : T= (23.2 ZY(H0% ee O.773 mel GHW GC AT (28 FY (41.0%) Geen #455 6F . DISSE BPE RARE ae meh = -t240 wl30) A112.8g sample of ethanol (CH5OH) is burned in a bomb calorimeter that has a heat 20) capacity of 5.65 KJ°C. Ifthe initial temperature is 25. °C, determine the final temperature of the calorimeter. The molar mass of ethanol is 46.07 g/mol. CaHSOHA) +3071) +2COn(g) +3 HO) AH = “1239 KI te he GAT Ga) > % bea ihe B42KT \ a5 0% ' SSE on eal N2B gq ele trol CaHgOut » W2BEKT « 7% SCOT “owcstyen 7 ET Tp = 85.7°C 31) A 100.0 mL sample of 0.300 M NaOH is mixed with a 100.0 mL sample of 0.305MHNO3 31) ‘esriayg Ina coffee cup calorimeter. IF both solutions were initially at 35.0 °C and the temperature of the resulting solution was recorded as 37.0°C, determine the AHxn (in units of kJ/mol). ‘Assume that no heat is ost to the calorimeter or the surroundings NaOH 4 HNO; 7 MeN 24 ALO | Van® Baoin ® Bren * ~ (200-24) ( WEIFZ) (37,64 ~ 35.0%) . bran 2 = 1673.67 _ 0.t000L,, 9.240 -16735. > PE LINE ey eco wl ayo ten, TIS7SE? | -S6000 Fra cen” Twat” F, o308 mol “56K G,,1 32) A student is preparing to perform a series of calorimetry experiments. She first wishes to 32) —__" ‘determine the heat capacity of the calorimeter (Cea) for her coffee cup calorimeter. She pours a 50,0 mL sample of water at 72.0 °C into the calorimeter containing a 50.0 mL. sample of water at 25.0 °C, She carefully records the final temperature of the water as 44.0 °C. What is the value of Cea] for the calorimeter? wher * Fea + Eeme “P5004 ( 4184 \(- ABO) = (50-04\(H BHR (/HOL) ES, (4.00) 11 2112 Cea 38) Two solutions, initially at 24.60 °C, are mixed in a coffee cup calorimeter (Ceal = 15.5]°C). 33) When a 100.0 mL volume of 0.100 M AgNO3 solution is mixed with 100.0 mL sample of / O00 MNaCT solution, the temperature Mr the calorimeter rises to 25.30 °C. Determine the Limirin G@ —AHrxn for the reaction as written below. L NaCl (0g)#ABNOGag) = AQCIS)+NANOS0Q) ——an=? 210008 2130 A BENS sna toca ang Bax be Eyoaot) «1esz yore") | $ren > 7 51G.61T = [frees (4187 ay « He. SMUT, 54700 % eal NMP, 0, 0100 mel Ago,aut > ‘i Use the sH°;information provided to calculate AH? xn for the following: 4) SO2Cl2 (g) +2 H2O{l) > 2 HICK) + HpSO4(l) SO2Cals) 1200) Hig) 28040), AH n= AH? s (kj/mol) 364 286 2 814 = [ennere sty = (- -2 2 =) —(Omgesest + (ene =) | ~62 «5 35) Use the information provided to determine AHxq fr the following reaction: a) CH4(g) + 4 Cl2(g) + CClaig) + 4HCl(g) AH xn =? AH’ (kj/mol) CHa) 75 CCla(g) 96 Hela) 2 . (eombte ne) end 42 55) ]- [omngers BB) | = 381 KT 36) Use the information provided to determine AH“ ran for the following reaction: 36) 3 FepO3(9)+ COIR) > 2 FegO4(9) + CO218) Fe203(9) Fe304(9) co) Coxe) SH pen? ABE (/mol) #24 -118 <1 “394 -[enssens Ome) [feat 024) + Cnet] eet er 37) Use the AH°fand AH"ryn information provided to calculate AH" for IF: 7) —__ IF7(@) + In(g) > IF5(g) +21F@) TFrtg) IF5@) AFPyxn = -89 AEF md _ gas [oe esto SE) + (Kat og) | [Csderne2)] 840 AWE gp = 795 BST38) Use the standard reaction enthalpies given below to determine 4H"rxn for the following 38) reaction: 2NOK) + O2(6) + 2NOrIB) Bu ive Fur a Nag) + O2(g) > 2 NOW) SH qn= 183K) 7 INO Nat Oe — (BE BT x VWAN2G) +Onl@)-NO) Han = —F Ny + 202 > 2NO, SEAT ZNO +02 7 2NO, —NTKST 38) Use the standard reaction enthalpies given below to determine AH"rxn for the following 39) reaction: P4g) +10 Che) 4PO) UPCL, + NCL, APLle = 628 RT fy + GCL, ypCl, - 1207 KT Givere a J et PCI5(9) + PCI3(g) +Cla(e) AH? pan 157 Rye lO Aig ~1BSS EF Pag) + 6Clo(g) > 4 PCls(g) AH pyr) = -1207 ky) 40) How much energy is released during the formation of 987g of Fe, according to the #) reaction below? FeyQ3(s) +2 Al(s) > Alz03(5) +2 Fe(s) AH%pxn = 852 KD 981g x eee SZ ES 2 758 kT SBT wl Fo 41) Using the following information, what mass of HF must react in order to produce S45 KJ of 1) —____ energy? Assume excess iO. Si02(6) +4 HF(g) > SiF4(g) +2 H20() B45 WS, Heol ME y 20-0065. TARY wa HE 42) Using the following information what mass of HO must form inorderte produce 975K} 42) of energy? ‘Si02(6) +4 HF(g) > SiF4(g) +2200) AHS rxn = “184K Zell | I8,016, ASS yg BIE, IBN KipeS “ame NG 48) How much energy can be relased during the following reaction 2.501. BH and 565L 43) iz Both gases ae initally at STP), are allowed to react? ByHe(g) + 6 Cla(g) > 2 BCIg(g) + 6 HCKQ) AH?yxn = -1396 KJ aor CK PAC ES sor ya Che VN sys sos GES Ip sep FLV mek Ball BAU tia, CS