DESIGN 6

ASLOR &
ENCISA

ARCHT. LOMPOT
WHAT IS THE PROBLEM
TO SPREAD OUT, EXTEND, OR BE DISTRIBUTED IN A
STRAGGLING OR IRREGULAR MANNER

Greatest threat = URBAN SPRAWL

MAINLY CAUSED BY INDUSTRIALIZATION AND

URBANIZATION
 CUL DE SAC
URBAN STRIP MALLS
DEVELOPMENT WIDER AND MORE
THAT ARE NUMBER OF LANES
ACTUALLY SUBDIVISIONS
NOT HELPING ! PARKING LOTS
URBAN CENTERS
 Environmental degradation

EFFECTS Intensifying segregation

OF
URBAN SPRAWL Aesthetical deterioration

Cultural identity deprivation

NEW
URBANISM
Human-scaled Urban Design
An ideology of a
movement opposing
to the sprawling,
anti-urban practices
that prevailed in the
latter half of the 20th
Century. s
A PLANNING AND
DEVELOPMENT
APPROACH BASED ON
PRINCIPLES
The organizing body for New
Urbanism is the Congress for
the New Urbanism.

Its foundational text is the

Charter of the New Urbanism,
which begin:
“We advocate the restructuring of
public policy and development
practices to support the following
principles: neighborhoods should be
diverse in use and population;
communities should be designed for
the pedestrian and transit as well as
the car; cities and towns should be
shaped by physically defined and
universally accessible public spaces
and community institutions; urban
places should be framed by
architecture and landscape design
that celebrate local history, climate,
ecology, and building practice. “
WALKABLE

ENERGY EFFICIENT

INTEGRATION OF
COMMUNITY
HISTORY
1991: Stefanos Polyzoides coined the phrase New
Urbanism

The initial series of Congresses were modeled after

CIAM, the Congrès internationaux d'architecture
moderne

The first Congresses centered on three scales of

development—the neighborhood, the block/street,
and the region.

Andres Duany and Elizabeth Plater-Zyberk

(Alexandia, VA, 1993), Elizabeth Moule and Stefanos
Polyzoides (Los Angeles, CA, 1994), and Peter
Calthorpe and Daniel Solomon (San Francisco, CA,
1995), became known as the “founders.”
1994: Peter Katz, author of the book The New
Urbanism: Toward an Architecture of Community

Fourth congress: Charter was signed (1996)

One of the early victories was a deal with HUD to

create the design guidelines for HOPE VI

Almost nobody invested in new mixed-use main

streets or downtowns in America from the 1920s to
the 1990s
TNDs like Seaside, Kentlands, Orenco Station,
Addison Circle, Habersham, and Celebration served
as laboratories for new urban ideas from the 1980s
through early 2000s.

Late 1990s: Smart Urbanism took root to Maryland

2003: Complete Street movement was launched

2000s: TOD took off as transit agencies

2008: Housing crisis, rise of Tactical Urbanism and

Lean Urbanism
How can the rest of the
community function ?

Can you get to work, school,

church or store without fighting
traffic ?

Or go from an office building to

a restaurant across the street
without driving ?

What’s life like when you’re not

using a car ?

Does what’s built create lasting

value ?
● It identifies 27 core principles for
making cities and towns walkable,
livable, sustainable and convenient.

● New development, urban infill and

revitalization, and preservation

● Rural Main Streets, booming

Suburban Areas, Urban Neighborhoods,
Dense City Centers, and even entire
Regions
CONCEPT
AND
PRINCIPLES
URBAN
TRANSECT
Transect is a geographic cross section of a
region used to reveal a sequence of
environments.

The Transect works by allocating elements that

make up the human habitat to appropriate
geographic locations.

The Transect seeks to rectify the inappropriate

intermixing of rural and urban elements known
as sprawl.

In nature, the sequence of habitats is

continuous, but in human environments the
rural-to-urban continuum must initially be
segmented into discrete categories.

The Segmentation of the Transect continuum is

accomplished by dividing it into six different
Transect Zones:
The Transect approach is essentially a
matter of finding an appropriate spatial
allocation of the elements that make up the
human habitat.

In the Transect system, urban development

is distributed

The Transect approach also controls the

geographic extent of zones
NEW URBANISM
CHARACTERISTICS
• Criticize modernistic
urbanization.

• Urban textures against

scattered and suburban limitless
development.

• Relatively high congestion,

walkable and having mixed use.

• Mix subjects.

• Human role in urban design

and planning.

• Define and use «block, street

and building», «neighborhood,
district and corridor», «area,
metropolitan, city and town».
There are three elements:

• The Region: Metropolis,

City and Town

• The Neighborhood, the

District, and the Corridor

• The Block, the Street, and

the Building
THE REGION:
METROPOLIS,
CITY AND TOWN
Encouraging development of
compact cities, towns and
villages.

Avoid sprawl and preserve

natural lands and rural
character.

Promotes models of
development that build
community character.
THE NEIGHBORHOOD,
THE DISTRICT, AND
THE CORRIDOR

Compact, pedestrian-friendly,
mixed-use neighborhoods the
essential building blocks of
livable regions.

Boulevards, rail lines and rivers

are the corridors that connect
neighborhoods and districts
and give coherent shape to
regions.
THE BLOCK, THE
STREET, AND THE
BUILDING
The Charter recognizes that the
life of the community takes
place on its streets and
sidewalks. Buildings frame the
public place of the street.

Sidewalks, squares and parks

contribute to a welcoming,
human-scaled public realm.
• market needs and demands
and different income classes

• old textures and cities and

internal parts of city

• Slow change from American

movement to an international
movement

• Attempt to return to art of city

construction and traditional
planning while being aware of
today needs of community

• Support security, safety and

health of residues

• Having ability to localized

principles of new urbanism in
different communities with
emphasis on available practices

• Use today technological

findings
THE 10 MAIN
PRINCIPLES OF
NEW
URBANISM
● WALKABILITY

● CONNECTIVITY

● MIXED-USE &
DIVERSITY

● MIXED HOUSING
● QUALITY
ARCHITECTURE &
URBAN DESIGN

● TRADITIONAL
NEIGHBORHOOD
STRUTURE

● TRANSECT PLANNING
● INCREASED
DENSITY

● SMART
TRANSPORTATION

● SUSTAINABILITY

● QUALITY OF LIFE
THEORISTS
ANDRES DUANY &
ELIZABETH PLATER-
ZYBERK:
Pioneers (1980s)
● Pioneers of TND (1980s)

● Believe in compressed
neighborhoods with mix uses and
pedestrian priority in designs and
areas with appropriate location and
characteristics and functional and
beautiful corridors which can cohere
natural environments and human
made quarters in a sustainable and
permanent generality
TRADITIONAL
NEIGHBORHOOD
DEVELOPMENT (TND)

- Revert to the designs more

common in pre-automobile cities and
neighborhoods.
BENEFITS

Creates walkable neighborhoods

Brings life to communities by allowing

mixtures of uses

Encourages transportation mode options

Protects open space

Preserves "village center" and public

spaces concept

Creates communities designed for live,

work and play

Reduces vehicle congestion

AN IDEAL NEIGHBORING UNIT
SHOULD INCLUDE:

A center and an edge.

Optimize size equal to one quarter of mile

distance from center.

Balanced combination which include

activities, life, shopping, work, going to
school, worship and recreation.

A network of connected streets that

organize place of buildings and traffic.

Prioritizing to public spaces and

appropriate placement of urban buildings.
PETER CALTHORPE

One of "the most significant

innovator“

Define urbanization: “diversity,

walking scale, public space and
structure of quarters which
bordering
TRANSPORTATION ORIENTED
DEVELOPMENT (TOD)

Transit oriented development is regional

planning, city revitalization, suburban
renewal, and walkable neighborhoods
combined.

The pattern resulted from the idea is a dense

and completely grid quarter combine all
shops, houses and offices as a compressed
regional scale and with walkable distances
and around a transportation stop. Thus, it
makes a direct relation between public
transportation pattern and land use.
BENEFITS

Reduced household driving and thus lowered regional

congestion, air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions

Walkable communities that accommodate more healthy

and active lifestyles

Increased transit ridership and fare revenue

Potential for added value created through increased

and/or sustained property values where transit
investments have occurred

Improved access to jobs and economic opportunity for

low-income people and working families

Expanded mobility choices that reduce dependence on

the automobile, reduce transportation costs and free up
household income for other purposes
BENEFITS OF
NEW URBANISM

● TO RESIDENTS

● TO BUSINESSES

● TO DEVELOPERS

● TO MUNICIPALITIES
THANK YOU
FOR
LISTENING